Elstermühle Wahrenbrück

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The main building of the Wahrenbrücker Mühle (2018)

The historic Elstermühle Wahrenbrück is located in the small town of Uebigau-Wahrenbrück in southern Brandenburg in the Elbe-Elster district on the Kleine Elster . The main building of the mill , which was built in 1805 and at the location of which there was once an iron hammer around 1320 and which served as a paper mill at the time of its construction, is now a listed building .

history

  • Wahrenbrück on an original table from 1847

Entrance to the Mühlenhof
Keystone above the front door with the initials of Carl Heinrich Stoltze
The mill around 1912

From the monastery mill to the official mill and the first iron hammer in Germany

The city of Wahrenbrück , which lies at the confluence of the Kleine Elster and the Schwarzen Elster , is a traditional mill location. The mill was first mentioned in a document from 1248. At that time there was probably a grinding mill here , which Dobrilugk Monastery bought.

As early as 1320 it appears as an iron hammer , which was probably used to process the iron ore , which is abundantly found in the lowlands as lawn iron stone. During this time, the monastery leased the mill to 3 people named Peter, Heinrich and Arnold for 8 years. Even if the company apparently failed very soon, because a little later the mill reappeared as a grinding mill (1343), when Otto von Ileburg sold two unknown mills to Dobrilugk monastery that year and committed himself and his descendants, but no mills in the future or to erect hammers that would hinder the two monastic mills in and near Wahrenbrück. The mill advertises to the present day that it was the first iron hammer in Germany.

The monastery was secularized in 1541 and the Wahrenbrück watermill became the official mill of Liebenwerda . When the Saxon Elector August (1526–1586) bequeathed it in 1558, it had 6 courses; these are also given in the mill regulations of 1561. It then suffered partial destruction in the Thirty Years' War by Croatian mercenaries in 1634. In 1673, Lieutenant Colonel Casimir Christian von Schweinitz took over the mill through an inheritance. Until then, the site had been desolate for 36 years.

The paper mill

It was used as a paper mill in 1696 . Johann Ohle was granted the right by its owner Casimir Christian von Schweinitz to add a paper mill to the existing grinding mill. When Ohle died in 1714, the mill was taken over by his widow, who married another papermaker , Ludwig Renner from Hartmannsdorf, the following year . In 1730 this paper mill was finally passed on to her daughter. She married the papermaker Johann Gottlieb Oser, who, however, drowned a little later in March 1731 in the Kleine Elster. His widow married Johann Gottlieb Stoltze, another papermaker, in 1733. He was later followed by his son Carl Heinrich Stoltze.

In 1762 the paper mill was rebuilt. A few years later, in 1780, there was finally the so-called rag war. The Wahrenbrück paper mill, which was probably the only one of its kind in what is now the Elbe-Elster district, also had a rag collecting district. Rags were the raw material from which paper was mainly made at that time. The privilege of collecting rags had to be bought from the respective sovereign, as was the case with the paper mills in Wahrenbrück. For unknown reasons, however, from 1758 onwards, another paper miller in the Liebenwerda, Mühlberg and Dobrilugk offices, in the form of the Wilthen paper miller Sachse, had the right to collect rags. This had also bought his right from the highest authority for a payment of 9 thalers. However, he was only allowed to collect as much as he could use himself. He wasn't allowed to sell anything.

The dispute would last until 1789. With the mediation of the Dobrilugk bailiff, it was finally agreed that the Wilthener would abandon his rights and that the Wahrenbrücker would give him 3 quintals of bad and 1 quintals of good rags a year. In the event of a violation, 5 thalers were set as a contractual penalty .

Modern times

The current main building of the mill was built at the beginning of the 19th century. The keystone above the front door contains the year 1805 . In addition to the paper mill, there was also a grinding mill in Wahrenbrück, which, however, was not always in operation in the meantime. In 1777, for example, in a revision of the mills on the Black Elster, it was described as broken . With the beginning of industrialization in the region, the paper mill was finally converted back into a grinding and grist mill . The reasons for this, however, are largely in the dark. The paper miller Christlieb Hennig had it equipped with French millstones in 1858 . The mill was in operation until 1979, although it was privately operated until 1998. However, it has been powered by an electric motor since 1920.

The last miller at the Wahrenbrücker mill was Heinz Ludwig. Ludwig was also the first ferryman from Wahrenbrück , after whom in 1977 they began to navigate the river area between the Kleiner and Schwarzer Elster in the neighboring Kleiner Spreewald with Spreewald barges.

The mill is still owned by the family to this day. Today you can visit the historical building, which has also been a listed building since 1990, on request and on various event days , such as the German Mill Day , Mill Night or Mill Christmas.

  • Historic millstone at the entrance.

literature

  • Manfred Woitzik: “First come - first served” a cultural history of mills in the Elbe-Elster district . Ed .: Cultural Office of the Elbe-Elster District. Herzberg.
  • Friedrich Stoy : The Wahrenbrück paper mill and its right to collect rags . In: The Black Magpie . No. 369 , 1929.
  • Friedrich Stoy: From the Wahrenbrück paper mill . In: The Black Magpie . No. 538 , 1937.
  • Erich Schindler: From the paper mill to Wahrenbrück . In: Home calendar for the Bad Kreis Liebenwerda . Bad Liebenwerda 1962.

Web links

Commons : Elstermühle Wahrenbrück  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Notes and individual references

  1. ↑ a b Database of the Brandenburg State Office for the Preservation of Monuments and the State Archaeological Museum ( Memento of the original from December 9, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed September 17, 2018. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / bldam-brandenburg.de
  2. ↑ Another watermill of the Dobrilugk monastery was located in nearby Neumühl , the new mill.
  3. ↑ a b c d e Manfred Woitzik: “First come - first served” a cultural history of the mills in the Elbe-Elster district . Ed .: Cultural Office of the Elbe-Elster District. Herzberg, S. 206 .
  4. ↑ Erich Schindler: From the paper mill to Wahrenbrück . In: Home calendar for the Bad Kreis Liebenwerda . Bad Liebenwerda 1962, p. 132-135 .
  5. ↑ a b Wahrenbrück historic mill . Wahrenbrück 2018 (tourist information sheet).
  6. ↑ a b c Internet presence of the Wahrenbrücker Mühle , accessed on September 22, 2018
  7. ↑ Friedrich Stoy: From the Wahrenbrücker paper mill . In: The Black Magpie . No. 538 , 1937.
  8. ↑ a b Manfred Woitzik: “First come - first serve” a cultural history of the mills in the Elbe-Elster district . Ed .: Cultural Office of the Elbe-Elster District. Herzberg, S. 206 .
  9. ↑ a b Friedrich Stoy : The Wahrenbrück paper mill and its right to collect rags . In: The Black Magpie . No. 369 , 1929 (free local history supplement to the Liebenwerdaer Kreisblatt ).
  10. ↑ Contribution to Wahrenbrück in the RBB program Landschleicher from July 18, 2010

Coordinates: 51 ° 32'53 "  N , 13 ° 22'8.1"  E