Emma hawser

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Emma Trosse (born January 6, 1863 in Gransee , † July 23, 1949 in Bad Neuenahr - Ahrweiler ) was a German teacher , headmistress, poet and author of scientific literature and non-fiction. Of great importance are her contributions to sexology between 1895 and 1900, which are pioneering works on female homosexuality and asexuality . In 1895 she published one of the first academic papers on homosexuality and advocated the legal protection of homosexuals. She was the first known woman to scientifically discuss lesbian sexuality.

She also published books in which ancient medical practices in medieval Europe as well as among Greeks and Egyptians were analyzed. After their marriage, she became a clinician at her husband's diabetes clinic and then wrote literature on diabetes.

youth

Emma Johanna Elisabeth Trosse was born on January 6, 1863 in Gransee in the Kingdom of Prussia as part of the German Confederation as the daughter of Emma Emilie Therese (née Böther) and Friedrich Trosse.

Early in her life, Trosse showed great aptitude for learning foreign languages ​​and was fluent in seven languages. She comes from a pedagogue family and studied pedagogy in Berlin and then became a teacher.

As one of the first female students, she enrolled in the philological faculty in Berlin. "At that time," studying "was still reserved for men. Today we can hardly imagine that Fräulein stud. phil. Emma Trosse, if she wanted to hear the lectures she was taking, had to be present 10 to 15 minutes before the start of the lectures, took her place behind a curtain and was only allowed to leave this place when the male fellow students had cleared the lecture hall after the lecture period. "( Dr . med. Horst Quednow : Helmut Poppelreuter). "

In addition to her professional activity as a teacher, she published various poems and is still considered to be “the local poet of the Ahr valley ”.

Career

Trosse began her career as a teacher at the public school in Gransee and then taught at the women's high school in Gnesen . Her next position was as governess / teacher in Schneidlingen near Magdeburg and then she taught at the public school in Obernkirchen in the Bückeberg Mountains. After her return to Hanover, she passed the headmaster's examination in Hanover and began her work as director of the women's high school and boarding school in Würzburg. When she went on vacation to the Ahr valley, she fell in love with the area, gave up her position in Würzburg and began to publish poems about the area. In 1893 she opened a boarding school for girls in Bad Neuenahr with Hermine Dulsmann, the Baroness von Bardeleben.

In 1895, Trosse began publishing a series of works dealing with homosexuality in an attempt to redefine the scientific definition of natural sexuality. Her first publication "The contrary sexualism in relation to marriage and the women's question" was the first work by a German woman on this topic. She was the first known woman to write scientifically about lesbianism. In her study, published a year before Magnus Hirschfeld's first publications and before those by Johanna Elberskirchen and Anna Rüling , she argued that homosexuality is a natural state and diversity that emerged in nature. She argued that same-sex attraction and asexuality are not anomalies or exceptions to the natural order and therefore homosexual people should not be discriminated against and that the state should take measures to protect people's right to sexual freedom. She viewed sexual binarism as a moral rather than a scientific position. This first publication was followed by two further treatments of the topic: "A woman? Psychological-biographical: Study of a contrary sexual person (1897)" and "Is 'free love' immorality?" (Is 'free love' immoral? 1897, 2nd ed. 1900). The censorship quickly banned the articles in Austria-Hungary, the German Reich and Russia as being immoral.

In 1896, Trosse published two articles in English on ancient medical knowledge, based on a pamphlet by Alexander von Tralleis : Burned Substances and Sources of Medicines Delivered to the Greeks ". She also published information on Egyptian and medieval healing practices in Norway.

Around 1897 or 1898 she met Dr. Georg Alexander Constantin Külz, whom she married in 1900. Shortly after meeting Külz, she published a volume of poetry "Was die Ahr rausch (1899)". Since German law forbade married women from teaching, she lost her job after her marriage and became a doctor in the diabetes clinic founded by the couple. The clinic was the first in the region to treat diabetics. After the birth of their daughter Irmgard in 1902, Külz-Trosse worked in the clinic laboratory and continued to publish under the names E. Külz or E. Külz-Trosse. In an article published together with her husband in " The Wroclaw Pharmacopoeia ", they analyzed medieval medical practices in Wroclaw .

In 1923, after returning from the war, her husband died and his cousin Ludwig Külz moved to Bad Neuenahr to take over the operation of the clinic. His addiction to morphine was problematic and Külz-Trosse struggled to keep the facility open until her daughter married a doctor, Erwin Quednow, who took over the management of the clinic. She took care of the couple's five children and continued to publish medical articles. In 1930 she published "Permanent cure for diabetes" and in 1936 a Polish article "Trwałe wyleczenie cukrzycy" on the same subject.

Death and legacy

Külz-Trosse lost her sight in old age and was completely blind at the time of her death on July 23, 1949 in Bad Neuenahr. In 2010 the Schwules Museum held an exhibition in honor of her pioneering work in sexology. In 2011 the exhibition was shown in Mannheim .

Quotes

The storm rages the long night
and lashes the black waves.
They tear away with fierce power
The bridge's proud arch. "

(from: "What the Ahr Rushes" 1898)

“The baroness at first gently fends off the stormy; then she gives in to wooing, and a long, deep kiss is the answer of her heart. "

(from: "A woman?" 1897)

Works (selection)

  • “The counter-sexualism in relation to marriage and the women's question”, Max Spohr Verlag, 1896, Leipzig
  • “A woman? Psychological-biographical study of a counter-sexual person ”, 1897, Max Spohr Verlag Leipzig
  • "Is free love immorality?", 1897, Max Spohr Verlag, Leipzig
  • What the Ahr rustles , poems, 1899

literature

  • Christiane Leidinger : Transgressions - Forays through the life and work of Emma (Külz-) Trosse (1863-1949). First thinker of the third sex of homosexuals and the senseless, in: invertito. Yearbook for the History of Homosexualities 14. Hamburg: Swarm of Men 2013
  • Helmut Poppelreuter : A native poet of the Ahr valley: Emma Trosse (1863-1949) , in: Heimatjahrbuch 1987, Kreis Ahrweiler, pp. 66-69.
  • Literature office Eifel: Emma Trosse

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Christine Leidninger: Transgressionen - Forays through the life and work of Emma Trosse (1863-1949) . In: Invertito - Yearbook for the History of Homosexualities . 14th year, 2012 ( online [accessed August 13, 2020]).
  2. ↑ a b c Helmut Poppelreuter: A local poet of the Ahr valley. Retrieved August 15, 2020 .
  3. ^ Vita Sexualis: Karl Ulrichs and the Origins of Sexual Science. Retrieved on August 15, 2020 .
  4. ↑ Emma Külz: Permanent cure of diabetes . Bruno Wilkens Verlag, Hanover 1930.
  5. ↑ Emma Külz; Elza Rosińska: Trwałe wyleczenie cukrzycy . ( worldcat.org ).
  6. ↑ Schwules Museum - Archive. Retrieved August 15, 2020 .
personal data
SURNAME Cable, Emma
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Trosse, E .; Trosse, Emma Johanna Elisabeth (full name); Külz-Trosse, Emma (married name); Külz, Emma
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German writer and teacher
DATE OF BIRTH January 6, 1863
PLACE OF BIRTH Gransee
DATE OF DEATH July 23, 1949
Place of death Bad Neuenahr - Ahrweiler