Obernkirchen
coat of arms | Germany map | |
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Coordinates: 52 ° 16 ' N , 9 ° 7' E |
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Basic data | ||
State : | Lower Saxony | |
County : | Schaumburg | |
Height : | 209 m above sea level NHN | |
Area : | 32.48 km 2 | |
Residents: | 9206 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
Population density : | 283 inhabitants per km 2 | |
Postal code : | 31683 | |
Area code : | 05724 | |
License plate : | SHG, RI | |
Community key : | 03 2 57 028 | |
LOCODE : | DE OBK | |
City structure: | 5 districts | |
City administration address : |
Marktplatz 4 31683 Obernkirchen |
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Website : | ||
Mayor : | Oliver Schäfer (SPD) | |
Location of the city of Obernkirchen in the Schaumburg district | ||
Obernkirchen is a mountain town in the district of Schaumburg in Lower Saxony , near the famous Obernkirchen sandstone quarries . Obernkirchen is the only mountain town in Lower Saxony outside the Harz Mountains and the northernmost mountain town in Germany. The main industries are glass , machine industry (pumps), healthcare and sandstone mining.
geography
Geographical location
Obernkirchen is on the federal highway 65 between Bückeburg and Stadthagen . The densely wooded Bückeberg ( 367 m above sea level ) takes up a large part of the city area.
Neighboring communities
Clockwise, these are the municipality of Nienstädt , the city of Stadthagen, the municipalities of Auetal , Buchholz , Heeßen , Bad Eilsen and Ahnsen , the city of Bückeburg and the municipalities of Seggebruch and Helpsen .
City structure
The city of Obernkirchen has four other localities:
Locality | Residents |
---|---|
Gelldorf | 830 |
Krainhagen | 1200 |
Tubular box | 290 |
Vehlen | 1230 |
history
In 775, the Bukki Gaus was mentioned when the victorious Carolingian army marched back from Saxony . From this the location of a castle was deduced. Castrum Bukkaburg ( Alte Bückeburg ). However, this does not have to be documented.
Ouerenkerken , "the upper church", gave the name of today's town of Obernkirchen. According to a Minden chronicle from the 14th century, Emperor Ludwig the Pious (814–840) founded the monastery of Obernkirchen as the oldest religious settlement between the Weser and Leine on the sloping slope of the Bückeberg with a wide view of the North German lowlands . In the year 936 Hungarians are said to have attacked and burned the monastery, but this is not documented.
It was not until 1167 that a document reported again about the monastery and named the name Ouerenkerken . Bishop Werner von Minden founded an Augustinian convent in Obernkirchen. He came from the aristocratic family Arnhem , whose origin was the Alte Bückeburg. On November 30, 1181, Emperor Barbarossa granted the Obernkirchen Abbey in Erfurt fairness for the market. The oldest seal of the Counts of Poppenburg is preserved in a document from the Obernkirchen monastery from 1229. It is the seal of Count Bernhard, who named himself from 1217 after his newly built castle of Spiegelberg . The seal shows the round shield on a cross belt three five-petalled roses and reveals at the inscription: Bernardu ... Poppenhor ... .
It has been known since 1520 that Obernkirchen has a council and a mayor. Until the end of 1564, with the death of longtime provost Johann Kostgen was during the Reformation occurred a fundamental change in the Augustinian monastery, the first cell of the city, with the adoption of the Lutheran doctrine. The Reformation in the county of Schaumburg surrounding Obernkirchen had already been introduced in 1559. The provost goods fell to the sovereign; For the rest of the property of the monastery, the Schaumburg nobility pushed through the establishment of a noble women's monastery . This still exists in the buildings today.
The town of Obernkirchen was granted its right to spot by Count Otto IV von Schaumburg on February 10, 1565. The residents have now been released from serfdom of the Obernkirchen Abbey. It was also Count Otto who on May 22, 1571 granted the mayor and council of the Fleckens Obernkirchen the right to use a seal that showed the church next to a white nettle leaf with three nails. The award of town charter on January 26, 1615 by Count Ernst von Schaumburg concluded the legal and historical development of Obernkirchen. During the Thirty Years War in 1640/1647 the old Grafschaft Schaumburg was divided, from then on Obernkirchen belonged to the Hessian part of the Grafschaft Schaumburg to Hessen-Kassel .
In 1659, at the time of Philipp zur Lippe, witch hunts were carried out in Obernkirchen : Twenty people were executed in witch trials .
In the course of time there were repeated disputes about the border between Schaumburg-Lippe and Hessen-Kassel. In 1733 the two ruling houses came to an agreement and boundary stones were set. After Napoleon's troops occupied Hesse in 1805 , the city of Obernkirchen became part of the canton of Obernkirchen until 1813 to the Kingdom of Westphalia . At that time, the canton of Obernkirchen had a little less than 3600 inhabitants.
Life and economic development of the city were increasingly shaped by the extraction of sandstone , coal mining and glass production.
Sandstone has been mined in the Bückeberg mountains since the 12th century. Until the spot rights were granted, it was impossible for those who work in the quarries to form a guild. The first surviving document from the Obernkirchen stone mason guild therefore only dates from 1597. Hard coal mining began in Obernkirchen at the end of the 14th century. However, the dismantling is only documented in 1498.
The oldest glassworks in the region was founded in Obernkirchen in 1799 , and after an interruption in 1827 it resumed production under the name "Schauenstein". In 1823 the manufacturer Caspar Hermann Heye became a partner, and in 1842 he took it over entirely. In 1840 the Stoevesandt family founded the “Neue Hütte” not far from Schauenstein as a competitor. On August 1, 1900, the workers at the Heye glass factory went on a strike by the glassmakers, which spread across the whole of the German Empire. This strike also found support in England. After a year, this strike collapsed again without success. Many workers had lost their jobs as a result of their strike.
The mining industry, which has been in operation since the Middle Ages, was expanded in the 19th century. Among other things, a briquette factory was built at the Liethstollen . Until the end of coal mining in Schaumburg (1960), the administration was in Obernkirchen (mining office). The beginnings of the later general mining authority (1806) go back to the year 1552. In 1873 a mountain preschool was founded in Obernkirchen.
In 1863 a 41 kilogram type IVA iron meteorite was found near Obernkirchen . It was located in a sandstone quarry at a depth of 4.5 meters.
On January 6, 1899, the then mayor Dreyer presented a plan to the city council, according to which a small professional fire brigade , a so-called paid syringe team, should be recruited.
Incorporations
On April 1, 1955, the previously independent communities Beeke and Rösehöfe were incorporated. Since the two communities belonged to the Schaumburg-Lippe district, the Schöttlingen community came to the Schaumburg-Lippe district in an area swap with the Eichhöfe residential areas and some houses in the oak quarry. The community Schöttlingen was an enclave of the Grafschaft Schaumburg district in the Schaumburg-Lippe district and was incorporated into Lindhorst in 1974 .
Due to the regional reform of Lower Saxony, the also independent communities of Gelldorf , Krainhagen , Röhrkasten and Vehlen were assigned to the city of Obernkirchen and incorporated on March 1, 1974 .
Population development
The values from 1961 and 1970 contain the population of the then independent communities of Gelldorf, Krainhagen, Röhrkasten and Vehlen as well as the city of Obernkirchen.
year | Residents |
---|---|
1961 | 10,798 |
1970 | 11,718 |
1987 | 10,078 |
1990 | 10.308 |
1995 | 10,549 |
2000 | 10,369 |
2005 | 9,884 |
2010 | 9,290 |
2011 | 9,330 |
2012 | 9,359 |
2013 | 9,295 |
2014 | 9,343 |
2015 | 9,196 |
2016 | 9,302 |
2017 | 9,336 |
2018 | 9,246 |
(Population figures: 1961: on June 6th, 1970: on May 27th, from 1987 on each December 31st)
religion
- The Evangelical Lutheran parish (consisting of Obernkirchen, Gelldorf, Krainhagen and Röhrkasten) belongs to the Grafschaft Schaumburg parish and thus to the Evangelical Lutheran Regional Church of Hanover . Services are held in the collegiate church of St. Marien , built in 1330 .
- The Catholic faithful belong to the parish of St. Marien in Bückeburg. Services are held in the St. Josef branch church built in 1908 . The rectory is located in Bückeburg and is part of the Weserbergland deanery.
- The Evangelical Lutheran parish of Vehlen (district) belongs to the Evangelical Lutheran Regional Church of Schaumburg-Lippe . Services are held in the church built in 1904. The parish includes the places Vehlen, Achum and Widdensen, also Ahnsen-Neumühlen, Tallensen, Echtorf and Müsingen.
- Jehovah's Witnesses
politics
City council
The town council of Obernkirchen consists of 22 councilors and councilors as well as the mayor by virtue of office.
year | SPD | CDU | Green | WE | WGO | ERA | total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2006 | 10 | 9 | 2 | 1 | 1 | - | 23 seats |
2011 | 12 | 6th | 3 | 1 | - | - | 22 seats |
2016 | 10 | 7th | 3 | 1 | - | 1 x | 22 seats |
x no longer occupied
Status: Local elections on September 11, 2016
The chairman of the council is Dipl.-Med. Ilka Niemeyer (SPD).
mayor
- 1903–1931 Richard Herzog
- 1931–1933 Friedrich Henkelmann
- 1933–1939 Richard Herzog
- 1939–1944 Wilhelm Ehlert
- 1945 SPD ) Heinrich Behme (
- 1945–1946 Fritz Scheuermann (SPD)
- 1946–1948 Wilhelm Hormann (SPD)
- 1948–1974 Ludwig Gundlach (SPD)
- 1974–1984 Walter Warnecke (SPD)
- 1984-2001 Adolf Bartels (SPD)
- 2001-2007 Horst Sassenberg ( CDU )
- 2007– Oliver Schäfer (SPD). In 2014 he was confirmed in his office with 83.01%. His second term runs until October 31, 2021.
Town twinning
- La Flèche / Sarthe ( France ), since 1968
- Pasvalys district / Panevėžys district ( Lithuania ), since 2008
Culture and sights
Theaters and museums
- The mountain and city museum is located in the city's former primary school.
- From there, a sculpture path with exhibits from the previous International Obernkirchen Sculpture Symposia leads through the city.
- A branch of the museum is the historic Bornemann locksmith's shop on the edge of downtown Obernkirchen.
- A four-kilometer-long nature trail provides information about dinosaur tracks from Obernkirchen .
- The city archive is on deposit in the Bückeburg State Archive .
music
In 1949, the Obernkirchen Children's Choir, today the Schaumburg fairy tale singer , was founded in the city , and it made the song My father was a wanderer known nationwide on its tours.
The Krainhagen Wind Orchestra is known far beyond the borders of Obernkirchen.
Buildings
- On the Bückeberg stands the Jahn monument, which is dedicated to the "gymnastics father" Friedrich Ludwig Jahn . The memorial stone bears, among other things, the lettering "Jahn", the gymnast's cross in the version of the former German Gymnastics Association (DT) and an oval relief plaque with the portrait of Jahn.
Sports
- A support association runs the heated sun bath. The pool is usually open from April to October.
- The Golfclub Schaumburg eV Obernkirchen maintains an 18-hole golf course.
- The district of Schaumburg maintains a district sports hall and a district sports stadium.
- The city of Obernkirchen also has a sports hall and a sports field.
- Another sports field, the Johann Heinrich Bornemann Stadium (formerly: Ochsenbruchstadion) is operated by SV Obernkirchen von 1920 eV.
- The TC Obernkirchen eV has a tennis facility with 4 courts in the city.
Regular events
- The International Sculpture Symposium has been held in Obernkirchen every three years since 1988. The 11th edition will take place in 2018.
- Every two years (years with an uneven final number), the city's citizens' shooting festival takes place.
- From 2014 there will be a town festival every two years (years with an even final number) on the third weekend in June, the Barbarossafest. It replaces the previous autumn fair, the Barbarossamarkt.
- The Jahn-Bergturnfest , which celebrated its 75th anniversary in 2010, takes place annually on the outdoor area of the youth, education and leisure center (jbf-Centrum) on the Bückeberg . The popular sports event attracts hundreds of participants from many clubs in the Schaumburger Land. From 1935 it replaced the previous competition run around the Bückeberge .
Others
Economy and Infrastructure
Companies
- One of eight German production sites of the container glass manufacturer Ardagh Glass Germany GmbH and the headquarters of the plant manufacturer Heye International , which is also part of the Ardagh Group, are located in Obernkirchen.
- The pump manufacturer ITT Bornemann GmbH is based in Obernkirchen. The former family company was founded in Obernkirchen in 1853. The company has been part of the ITT Corporation group , based in White Plains, NY , since 2013 .
- Obernkirchen sandstone is also used as a building material in the restoration of historic buildings, e.g. B. Cologne Cathedral used.
- The company health insurance fund BKK24 is headquartered in Obernkirchen in Germany.
- The roofing and carpentry Heinrich Henke GmbH. The former family company was founded in Obernkirchen in 1889. Since 2006, the company has been located in the Gelldorf district .
- The AS develops and manufactures Lifestyle GmbH as manufacturer under the brand Caddy Cool golf trolleys .
Public facilities
- Obernkirchen is the location of the Schaumburg Clinic , which is centrally located in the district near the Obernkirchen town of Vehlen.
- The police station in Bückeburg is responsible for the police. In the city there is a police station manned during the day with branch offices in the communes of Eilsen and Nienstädt.
- The five local volunteer fire brigades ensure fire protection and general help .
education
The city has three day-care centers and a primary school. Further daycare centers are run by the ev.-luth. Municipalities of St. Marien (Obernkirchen) and Vehlen as well as a forest kindergarten are maintained by the AWO. There is also care for children under three years of age, run by an association, the two Protestant parishes and child minders. There are also two private day care facilities for children. These are supported by the city or in cooperation with the city of Obernkirchen and BKK 24. The secondary and secondary school in the school center Am Ochsenbruch expired with the last class in 2014. As a further development of the school center, an IGS (Integrated Comprehensive School) was created in 2009. Secondary schools are available in Bückeburg and Stadthagen.
From 1901 to 1971 the “Economic Women's School” in the group of the Reifensteiner Schools , called “Country Women's School” from 1936, was housed in a wing of the evangelical aristocratic women's monastery in Obernkirchen. The ruling Princess Marie Anna zu Schaumburg-Lippe took over the protectorate of the school. In the approximately 70 years of its existence, a total of around 8,000 young women have received qualified, scientifically based vocational training in rural housekeeping at the Obernkirchen boarding school. The school was also a teaching facility for horticulture and poultry farming, in its modern dairy all of the milk for the city of Obernkirchen was processed at times. Käthe Delius (1893–1977) was trained as a teacher of agricultural housekeeping at the Obernkirchen women's school from April 1912. In 1915 the school became a temporary hospital. In mid-1942 the long-time director Agnes Freiin von Dincklage was removed from office by the National Socialists. In 1944/45, parts of the rural women’s school building were confiscated for a Hitler Youth camp, a hospital, a maternity hospital and, at times, the accommodation for refugees. After the end of the Second World War, from October 1945, classes could begin again with around 80 students. In 1972 economic considerations forced the closure of the business school for women in Obernkirchen.
traffic
- The B 65 runs through the city west of the city center from Hanover to Minden through the districts of Gelldorf and Vehlen.
- The closest junction to BAB 2 is in neighboring Bad Eilsen.
- The public transport is operated by the Schaumburger Verkehrs-Gesellschaft with several lines.
- Obernkirchen station is on the Rinteln – Stadthagen railway line . The branch line was operated from 1900 and is now used as a museum railway for the Weserbergland steam railway and occasionally for freight transport. The next stations in the regular local rail transport are in Kirchhorsten , Stadthagen and Bückeburg .
Personalities
sons and daughters of the town
- Karl Abel (1897–1971), shoemaker, KPD functionary, 1946–1947 Minister for Public Health and State Welfare in Lower Saxony
- Ursula Bornemann (1921–2014), entrepreneur, former honorary citizen
- Louis Dohme (1837–1910), cousin of August Oetker , co-founder of the Sharp and Dohme pharmaceutical company ; later in 1953 merger with Merck and Company to form Merck Sharp and Dohme (MSD) Merck & Co. , one of the largest pharmaceutical companies in the world.
- Roderich Egeler (* 1950), 2008–2015 President of the Federal Statistical Office and Federal Returning Officer
- Richard Herzog (1867–1950), mayor from 1900 to 1931 and from 1933 to 1939 as well as an anti-Semitic member of the Reichstag
- Frank Kirchhoff (* 1961), Director of the Institute for Molecular Virology at the Ulm University Hospital
- Heinrich Krug (1862–1950), entrepreneur and politician
- Rolf Krumsiek (1934–2009), SPD politician and former Minister of Justice in North Rhine-Westphalia
- August Oetker (1862–1918), entrepreneur and founder of the Oetker Group
- Reinhard Scheer (1863–1928), admiral and chief of the German deep sea fleet
- Anna-Lena Schnabel (* 1989), jazz musician
- Karl Schütte (1891–1977), clarinetist
- Peter Trabner (* 1969), actor
- Ullizell (* 1951), rbb television presenter and singer
Personalities associated with the city
- Agnes von Dincklage (1882–1962), head of the rural women’s school in Obernkirchen of the Reifensteiner Verband 1918–1949, honored for this by designating a women's village
- Rolf-Bernd de Groot (1948–2013), city historian and long-time director of the mountain and city museum
literature
- Robert Suckale and Gude Suckale-Redlefsen: Obernkirchen Abbey in the Schaumburg district . Photos by Andreas Lechtape . Koenigstein i. Ts. 2001 (= The Blue Books), ISBN 3-7845-1080-9
- Rolf Krumsiek: Obernkirchen - Chronicle of an old town . Obernkirchen 1981, ISBN 3-9800549-0-X
- Dieter Brosius: The Obernkirchen Abbey 1167–1565 . Schaumburger studies, booklet 30. Grimme Verlag, Bückeburg 1972, ISBN 3-87277-030-5
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ State Office for Statistics Lower Saxony, LSN-Online regional database, Table 12411: Update of the population, as of December 31, 2019 ( help ).
- ↑ According to the imperial annals , Emperor Charlemagne passed through the pagus [Gau] bukki in 775 . At that time the Osterliudi [Ostfalen] withdrew to the "pagus, quem dicunt nomine Bukki". Cf. Brosius, Dieter, Das Stift Obernkirchen 1167–1565 (= Schaumburger Studien 30), Bückeburg 1972, p. 8.
- ↑ The Regesta of the Empire under FRIEDRICH I.1152 (1122) –1190 4th delivery 1181–1190 after Johann Friedrich Böhmer, reworked by FERDINAND OPLL Reg. 2632
- ^ Gerhard Schormann: witch hunt in Schaumburg. In: Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte , Volume 45, Hildesheim 1973, pp. 149–151
- ↑ The fight is on King Heye! In: Schaumburger Nachrichten , July 30, 2011 - 110 years ago the glassmaker's strike in Obernkirchen ended - for many in a disaster By Wilhelm Gerntrup
- ↑ Obernkirchen. Meteoritical Bulletin, accessed June 7, 2020 .
- ^ Mountain and town museum Obernkirchen: The meteorite of Obernkirchen. obernkirchen-info.de, accessed on June 7, 2020 .
- ↑ In detail: Blazek, Matthias: Feuerwehrwesen im Landkreis Schaumburg in the 19th Century , 2nd, updated and supplemented edition, Adelheidsdorf 2002, p. 32 ff.
- ↑ a b c Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 193 .
- ^ Regional statistical database. State Office for Statistics and Communication Technology Lower Saxony LSKN-Online
- ↑ Entry about the twin town La Flèche on the homepage of the town of Obernkirchen.Retrieved on May 16, 2019, 3:17 pm
- ↑ Entry about the partner community Pasvalys on the homepage of the city of Obernkirchen.Accessed on May 16, 2019, 3:18 pm
- ↑ Mountain and City Museum Obernkirchen
- ↑ Jahnstein on the Bückeberg in new splendor. In: Schaumburger Nachrichten , June 23, 2010.
- ↑ OBS - International Pictures Hauer Symposium
- ^ Jahn-Bergturnfest: History .
- ^ Heinrich Henke GmbH. Retrieved May 31, 2017 .
- ↑ Caddycool - golf, caddy, trolley, electric trolley, handcart. Retrieved June 2, 2017 .
- ↑ With great responsibility for work and people. In: sn-online.de. June 22, 2011, accessed February 23, 2016 .
- ↑ Louis Dohme, German-US pharmacist. In: Science Photo Library. Retrieved March 3, 2018 .