Engadine rock flowers

Engadine rock flowers
	Engadine rock flowers ( Draba ladina ) in full bloom
Systematics
	Eurosiden II
Order :	Cruciferous (Brassicales)
Family :	Cruciferous vegetables (Brassicaceae)
Tribe :	Arabideae
Genre :	Rock flowers ( Draba )
Type :	Engadine rock flowers
Scientific name
	Draba ladina
	Brown-Blanq.

The Engadin rock florets ( Draba ladina ), also called Ladin rock florets , is an endemic representative of the rock florets ( Draba ) in the Lower Engadine .

description

The Engadine rock flower is a perennial herbaceous plant that reaches a height of 1 to 5 centimeters and grows in fairly dense cushions up to 8 centimeters in size. The stem is leafless, unbranched and, apart from a few star hairs in the lower part, glabrous. The leaves arranged in a basal rosette are up to 8 millimeters long, broadly lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, imperforate on the edge. They are covered with numerous simple hairs up to 1 millimeter long as well as individual star hairs , especially on the edge and on the underside .

The flowering period extends from July to August. The flowers are too few in a cluster on short stems that protrude at the time of fruiting. The pale yellow, dry whitish petals are 3.5 to 5 mm long, nailed at the base and edged at the tip.

The 5 to 9 millimeter long pod is spindle-shaped and has a few short, simple hairs. The pen is intended for fruit mm long time from 0.7 to 1.2. Each compartment contains five to eight brown, 1.1 to 1.5 mm long seeds.

Draba ladina is tetraploid with a chromosome number of 2n = 32.

Occurrence

The Engadin rock flower occurs only in the mountain range north of the Ofen Pass in the Lower Engadine and grows here in the subnival level above 2600 m. The highest occurrence of this kind is given with 3085 m.

It inhabits cracks and ledges of dolomite rocks . In terms of plant sociology, it has its optimum in the societies of the sub-association Potentillenion caulescentis.

Research history

Josias Braun-Blanquet discovered this species in 1917 in the Lower Engadine Dolomites and described it in 1919. He assigned it to the Chrysodraba DC section, which does not occur in the Alps . to. Karl Peter Buttler suspected that Draba ladina emerged from a cross between Draba aizoides and Draba tomentosa as an allotetraploid due to the number of chromosomes . In 1999, Alex Widmer and Matthias Baltisberger were able to identify Draba aizoides as the paternal ancestor of Draba ladina using molecular genetic methods , while Draba tomentosa could be determined as the maternal ancestor due to the similar chloroplasts , which can only be inherited on the maternal side. The emergence of Draba ladina goes back to a single hybridization event. They also suspect that the species is not very old and likely arose postglacial .

Danger

The species was classified as rare ("R") in the 1991 Red List . In the Red List of 2002 it was classified as critically endangered according to the criteria of the IUCN . Due to the expected changes at the locations, it can be assumed that this classification could be tightened.

photos

Full bloom
Fruity

literature

Josias Braun-Blanquet: Beyond the uppermost limits of plant life in the summit area of the Swiss National Park. In: Results of the scientific investigations of the Swiss National Park. NF Volume 6 (= Volume 39), ISSN 1010-3570 , National Park Museum, Chur 1958, pp. 119-142 ( PDF file ).
Gerhart Wagner: The Engadine Hunger Flower. In: Terra Grischuna. Volume 48, No. 3, 1989, ISSN 1011-5196 , pp. 24-26 (also reprint).
Manfred A. Fischer, Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 3rd, improved edition. Province of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 , p. 647 .

supporting documents

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Christoph Käsermann: EN Draba ladina Braun-Blanq. - Ladin hunger flowers - Brassicaceae. In: Christoph Käsermann, Daniel M. Moser (Hrsg.): Information sheets on species protection - flowering plants and ferns. Federal Office for the Environment, Forests and Landscape, Bern 1999, pp. 126–127 (PDF file).

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Karl Peter Buttler : Cytotaxonomic investigations on central and southern European Draba species. In: Communications from the Botanical State Collection, Munich. Volume 6, No. 2, 1967, pp. 275-362 (online) .

↑ Jaakko Jalas, Juha Suominen, Raino Lampinen (ed.): Atlas Florae Europaeae. Distribution of Vascular Plants in Europe. 11. Cruciferae (Ricotia to Raphanus). Akateeminen Kirjakauppa & Tiedekirja, The Committee for Mapping the Flora of Europe & Societas Biologica Fennica Vanamo, Helsinki 1996, ISBN 951-9108-11-4 , p. 92.

↑ David Aeschimann, Konrad Lauber, Daniel Martin Moser, Jean-Paul Theurillat: Flora Alpina. An atlas of all 4500 vascular plants in the Alps . Volume 1. Paul Haupt, Bern / Stuttgart / Vienna 2004, ISBN 3-258-06600-0 , p. 552.

↑ Josias Braun-Blanquet : About two new phanerogam species from the Alps. In: Negotiations of the Swiss Natural Research Society. Volume 100, No. 2, 1919, ISSN 0080-7362 , pp. 117-118 (digitized version ) .

^ Karl Peter Buttler: Draba dolomitica Buttler, an overlooked species of the Dolomites and the Brenner Alps (characteristics — distribution — relationship). In: Communications from the Botanical State Collection, Munich. Volume 8, 1969, pp. 539-566 digitized .

↑ Alex Widmer, Matthias Baltisberger: Molecular evidence for allopolyploid speciation and a single origin of the narrow endemic Draba ladina (Brassicaceae). In: American Journal of Botany. Volume 86, No. 9, 1999, ISSN 0002-9122 , pp. 1282-1289 (HTML full text; PDF file; 109 kB) .

^ D. Moser, A. Gygax, B. Bäumler, N. Wyler, R. Palese: Red list of endangered species in Switzerland: fern and flowering plants . Federal Office for the Environment, Forests and Landscape, Bern; Center of the data network of the Swiss flora, Chambésy; Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève, Chambésy, 2002, p. 59 ( Page no longer available , search in web archives: (PDF file; 1194 kB) ).

Web links

Commons : Engadin-Felsenblümchen ( Draba ladina ) - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Draba ladina Braun-Blanq. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora .

[Merkblatt-1] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Christoph Käsermann: EN Draba ladina Braun-Blanq. - Ladin hunger flowers - Brassicaceae. In: Christoph Käsermann, Daniel M. Moser (Hrsg.): Information sheets on species protection - flowering plants and ferns. Federal Office for the Environment, Forests and Landscape, Bern 1999, pp. 126–127 (PDF file).

[Buttler_1967-2] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Karl Peter Buttler : Cytotaxonomic investigations on central and southern European Draba species. In: Communications from the Botanical State Collection, Munich. Volume 6, No. 2, 1967, pp. 275-362 (online) .

[AFE11-3] Jaakko Jalas, Juha Suominen, Raino Lampinen (ed.): Atlas Florae Europaeae. Distribution of Vascular Plants in Europe. 11. Cruciferae (Ricotia to Raphanus). Akateeminen Kirjakauppa & Tiedekirja, The Committee for Mapping the Flora of Europe & Societas Biologica Fennica Vanamo, Helsinki 1996, ISBN 951-9108-11-4 , p. 92.

[Flora_Alpina-4] David Aeschimann, Konrad Lauber, Daniel Martin Moser, Jean-Paul Theurillat: Flora Alpina. An atlas of all 4500 vascular plants in the Alps . Volume 1. Paul Haupt, Bern / Stuttgart / Vienna 2004, ISBN 3-258-06600-0 , p. 552.