Enn Kippel

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Enn Kippel (to 1935 Eduard Ferdinand Kippel , born February 3 jul. / 16th February  1901 greg. In Tallinn ; † 15. February 1942 in Leningrad ) was an Estonian writer .

Life

Enn Kippel was born the son of a factory worker in Tallinn and lived in Saint Petersburg from 1913 , where he completed an apprenticeship as a pastry chef. After the First World War , he came to Narva in 1919 , where he was initially imprisoned because he was suspected of belonging to the Red Army . In 1920 he went to Tallinn, in 1921 he joined the Estonian Armed Forces, where he remained active as a non-commissioned officer in various administrative posts until 1940 after completing his military service. At the same time he studied at the Tartu evening grammar school (1930-1935) and briefly at the theological faculty of the University of Tartu (1935-1936). Since 1936 he was a member of the Estonian Writers' Union .

After the Sovietization of Estonia in 1940 he actively supported the new regime and was a member of the CPSU from April 1941 . After the German invasion of the Soviet Union , he was evacuated to Leningrad, where he was one of the few Estonians who remained in the besieged city to take care of the Rahva Hääl newspaper during the blockade . However, he died of malnutrition just a year later.

plant

Kippel made his debut in 1935 with a satirical novel about the common people in a suburban environment. The work aroused excitement mainly due to a temporary ban due to alleged immorality, which was however lifted by a later court decision. After that, however, he focused on historical novels, with which he achieved relatively great popularity. He always dealt with the major military conflicts of the past, in which the Estonians were the plaything of powers and could only take their fate into their own hands to a limited extent: the uprising on St. George's Night , the Livonian War or the Northern War . The focus is always on the acts of war, which are reproduced in detail. "Naturalistic descriptions of atrocities and torture" are named as one of his trademarks; in general, "military details were apparently a matter close to his heart". He did not shy away from coarser clichés, he idealized the Swedes, while his Russians were "cruel but shy, constantly drunk and always ready to lie and steal".

He also wrote literature for young people, also from the past, and translated from Russian. Despite his supposed closeness to Soviet ideology, his historical novels were not printed because of the "wrong" treatment of Russians during Soviet times. Only after regaining independence are they popular again and have been reissued.

Trivia

According to the literary scholar Endel Nirk , who was told this by Kippel's Leningrad editorial colleague Anton Vaarandi , Kippel regularly exchanged his food ration, which was sufficient in itself, for valuables that the starving population in Leningrad was willing to exchange for a piece of bread. He ultimately perished from this greed because he could not stop collecting valuables.

bibliography

  • Ahnitsejad I-II . ('The Greedy I-II'). Tartu: Noor-Eesti 1935. 196 + 159 pp.
  • Suure nutu ajal. Romaan vene-liivi sõjast I-II ('At the time of the great lamentation. A novel about the Russo-Livonian war'). Tartu: Noor-Eesti Kirjastus 1936. 306 + 321 pp.
  • Kui raudpea tuli I-II. Romaan Põhjasõjast . ('When the iron head came I-II. A novel about the Northern War'). Tartu: Noor-Eesti 1937. 328 + 348 pp.
  • Issanda koerad. Romaan liivlaste kristianiseerimisest I-II ('The dogs of Mr. I-II. A novel about the Christianization of Livonia'). Tartu: Eesti kirjastuse cooperative 1938. 352 + 338 pp.
  • Kuldvasikas . ('The golden calf'). Tartu: Noor-Eesti 1939. 250 pp.
  • Jüriöö. Romaan eestlaste vabadusvõitlusest XIV sajandil . ('St. George's Night. A novel about the Estonians' struggle for freedom in the 14th century'). Tartu: Eesti kirjastuse cooperative 1939. 413 pp.
  • Meelis. Ajalooline noorsoojutt . ('Meelis. A historical youth story'). Tallinn: Pedagoogiline kirjandus 1941. 149 pp.

Literature on the author

  • Silvia Keer: Enn Kippeli elust ja loomingust, in: Looming 2/1962, pp. 294–305.
  • Anton Vaarandi : “Rahva Hääl” blokeeritud Leningradis, in: Keel ja Kirjandus 5/1962, pp. 304–308.
  • Rudolf Põldmäe: Enn Kippeli elu ja loomingut meenutades, in: Looming 2/1967, pp. 291-300.
  • Hilve Rebane: Enn Kippeli materjalid kirjandusmuuseumi käsikirjade osakonnas, in: Paar saamukest eesti kirjanduse ja rahvaluule uurimise teel IX. Tartu: Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia FR Kreutzwaldi nimeline kirjandusmuuseum 1976, pp. 177-196; German summary: Materials by Enn Kippel in the manuscript department of the Literature Museum, ibid p. 237.
  • Toomas Haug: Vaenlaste vastu võideldes. Enn Kippel 100, in: Looming 2/2001, pp. 255-271.
  • Anneli Kõvamees: Enn Kippeliga sõjatandril, in: Looming 12/2014, pp. 1727–1733.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hilve Rebane: Enn Kippeli materjalid kirjandusmuuseumi käsikirjade osakonnas, in: Paar saamukest eesti kirjanduse ja rahvaluule uurimise teel IX. Tartu: Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia FR Kreutzwaldi nimeline kirjandusmuuseum 1976, p. 177.
  2. ^ Anton Vaarandi: "Rahva Hääl" blokeeritud Leningradis, in: Keel ja Kirjandus 5/1962, pp. 304-308.
  3. ↑ Eesti kirjanike leksikon. Koostanud Oskar Kruus yes Heino Puhvel. Tallinn: Eesti Raamat 2000, pp. 200-201; Cornelius Hasselblatt : History of Estonian Literature. Berlin, New York: Walter de Gruyter 2006 ( ISBN 3-11-018025-1 ), p. 527.
  4. ↑ Rudolf Põldmäe: Enn Kippeli elu ja loomingut meenutades in: Looming 2/1967, S. 294th
  5. ↑ Toomas Haug: Vaenlaste vastu võideldes. Enn Kippel 100, in: Looming 2/2001, p. 257.
  6. ↑ Anneli Kõvamees: Enn Kippeliga sõjatandril, in: Looming 12/2014, p. 1729.
  7. ↑ Cornelius Hasselblatt: History of Estonian Literature. Berlin, New York: Walter de Gruyter 2006 ( ISBN 3-11-018025-1 ), p. 488.
  8. ↑ Toomas Haug: Vaenlaste vastu võideldes. Enn Kippel 100, in: Looming 2/2001, p. 265.
  9. ↑ Toomas Haug: Vaenlaste vastu võideldes. Enn Kippel 100, in: Looming 2/2001, p. 255.
  10. ↑ Väike lisandus Kippelistikasse in: Looming 5/2001, S. 794th
personal data
SURNAME Kippel, Enn
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kippel, Eduard-Ferdinand
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Estonian writer
DATE OF BIRTH February 16, 1901
PLACE OF BIRTH Tallinn
DATE OF DEATH February 15, 1942
Place of death Leningrad