Mannheim Oil Refinery

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The oil refinery Mannheim GmbH was a fuel refinery of BASF subsidiary Wintershall in the city of Mannheim , Baden-Wurttemberg. It was founded in 1961 and started operations in 1964. Its location on the Friesenheimer Insel on the Rhine opposite the main BASF plant in Ludwigshafen favored the delivery of raw materials and consumption on site. Due to the overcapacity of the refinery in the 1980s, poor margins and high losses, it was shut down in 1988. The refinery's design for heavy fuel oil , which was difficult to sell, was also problematic .

History of the refinery

The Wintershall Holding GmbH, 60% business share as main owner and the Marathon International Oil from Findlay, Ohio with 40% shareholding built with a capital outlay of 230 Mill. DM refinery to addition to the fuel and the BASF plant in Ludwigshafen on the other side of the Rhine with to supply petrochemical precursors. In addition to the refinery, Wintershall also owned the refinery in Lingen and the Salzbergen refinery, which has since been further developed into a lubricant refinery . The plant was planned with an annual output of 2.5 million tons, which was continuously increased in the following years. The politician Ludwig Ratzel campaigned intensively for the construction of the refinery at this location.

The supply of crude oil could be done by ship and rail as well as with the crude oil pipelines Southern European Pipeline (SEPL) and Transalpine Oil Pipeline (TAL).

The distillation capacity was 3.6 million tons in 1968. By 1980 it rose to 6.0 million tons per year.

From 1987 onwards, the plant briefly supplied feedstock for the sister refinery in Salzbergen until it was closed . This was previously done by the Emsland oil refinery, but was relocated to Mannheim due to competitive reasons. In 1985 the refinery had around 600 employees. A decisive disadvantage of the refinery turned out to be the complete lack of conversion plants, such as those owned by the sister refinery in Lingen. This led to competitive disadvantages compared to neighboring refineries such as Karlsruhe .

Today the site is used by BASF.

Products

Accumulation in percent with 100% use of crude oil

  • 16.2% liquid gas / chemical fuel
  • 10.2% jet fuel / carburetor fuel
  • 34.3% light heating oil / diesel
  • 6.7% other products
  • 27.5% heavy fuel oil
  • 5.1% self-consumption

The very high production of heavy fuel oil later severely restricted the refinery's competitiveness and ultimately led to closure.

See also

literature

  • Georg Weßling: Our oil plant. Emsland oil refinery. People, technology and stories in 50 years. , Ed. By Deutsche BP Aktiengesellschaft, Emsland Oil Refinery, Lingen. Burgtor-Verlag, Lingen 2003, ISBN 3-921-663-25-3 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Walther Weber: With two legs firmly in business. In: zeit.de. June 21, 1963. Retrieved December 19, 2014 .
  2. ↑ Swap or not? In: zeit.de. November 15, 1968. Retrieved December 19, 2014 .
  3. ↑ Wintershall now stands on three legs. In: zeit.de. June 19, 1964. Retrieved December 19, 2014 .
  4. ↑ Meinrad Schaab , Hansmartin Schwarzmaier (ed.) U. a .: Handbook of Baden-Württemberg History . Volume 5: Economic and social history since 1918, overviews and materials, complete index. Edited on behalf of the Commission for Historical Regional Studies in Baden-Württemberg . Klett-Cotta, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-608-91371-2 , p. 293 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
  5. ↑ CH Beck: Factor oil. CH Beck, 2003, ISBN 978-3-406-50276-7 , p. 361. Restricted preview in the Google book search
  6. ↑ Meinrad Schaab, Hansmartin Schwarzmaier (ed.) U. a .: Handbook of Baden-Württemberg History. Volume 5: Economic and social history since 1918, overviews and materials, complete index. Edited on behalf of the Commission for Historical Regional Studies in Baden-Württemberg. Klett-Cotta, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-608-91371-2 , p. 293 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
  7. ↑ Shell sells refinery . In: Der Spiegel . No. 38 , 1985 ( online ).
  8. ↑ achristo.homepage.t-online.de
  9. ↑ www.rheinpfalz.de  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.rheinpfalz.de  
  10. ↑ Georg Weßling: Our oil factory. Emsland oil refinery. People, technology and stories in 50 years. P. 81 Refinery comparison chart

Coordinates: 49 ° 31 ′ 29 ″  N , 8 ° 26 ′ 40 ″  E