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Ernst Brüche (born March 28, 1900 in Hamburg , † February 8, 1985 in Mosbach ) was a German physicist and pioneer of electron optics .

Life

After the death of his father, a pharmacist and owner of a pharmaceutical factory, Brüche's family moved to Sopot near Gdansk in 1914 . He studied mechanical engineering at TH Danzig and switched to physics in 1921 after Carl Ramsauer was appointed to the TH - it was the beginning of a friendship lasting more than thirty years. After his habilitation in 1927, he became a private lecturer at Ramsauer and went with him in April 1928 to found the AEG Research Institute in Berlin , where he headed the physics laboratory.

Brüche recognized the far-reaching importance of the electron-optical work of Hans Busch and early on developed a way of thinking analogous to light optics. In 1931 he made the first large-scale electron-optical recordings of emitting cathode surfaces and in 1939 he developed the electrostatic electron microscope . During these years he and his colleagues opened up the new field of geometric electron optics . In 1941 he received the Silver Leibniz Medal of the Prussian Academy of Sciences together with six other pioneers of electron optics , and in 1943 he was honorary professor at the University of Berlin.

After a stopover in Schönberg in Silesia , he took the institute to Mosbach in Baden in the spring of 1945 and, with the support of AEG, and later also the Carl Zeiss company in Oberkochen , founded the South German laboratories for the development and manufacture of electron microscopes . On the initiative of Brüche and Bodo von Borries , the German Society for Electron Microscopy (DGE) was founded in Düsseldorf in February 1949 . The first meeting of the DGE took place in April 1949 in Mosbach.

In 1952 he also founded the Physikalisches Laboratorium Mosbach, which dealt with applications of electron microscopy. In addition, as the founder and long-time editor of the Physikalische Blätter , the organ of the German Physical Society , he was known far beyond the field of electron optics . In 1961 he was honorary professor at the University of Karlsruhe .

Through his achievements, he was significantly involved in the development of the electron microscope, the priority dispute led to the late award of the Nobel Prize to Ernst Ruska only after his death in 1985.

In 1965 Brüche became an honorary member of the German Society for Electron Microscopy , in 1970 he was awarded the Federal Cross of Merit, First Class, in 1972 he was awarded the Max Born Medal for Responsibility in Science , and in the same year he became an honorary citizen of Mosbach.

From 1929 he was married to Dorothee Lilienthal (* 1905), with whom he also published local literature on Mosbach and had three daughters.

Honors

Fonts

  • Ernst Brüche: Free electrons as probes for the structure of molecules. In: Results of the exact natural sciences. 8: 185-228 (1929).
  • Ernst Brüche: How the electron microscope came into being. In: Physikalische Zeitschrift. 44: 176-180 (1943).
  • Ernst Brüche (Ed.): Physicist anecdotes: Collected and communicated by colleagues . Mosbach 1952
  • Ernst Brüche: Thoughts on the 25th anniversary of the electron microscope. In: Physical sheets. 13: 493-500 (1957). doi: 10.1002 / phbl.19570131103
  • Ernst Brüche: From the Life of a Physicist. Mosbach (Baden) 1971.
  • Ernst and Dorothee Brüche: Mosbach in a great time , Mosbach 1959
  • Ernst and Dorothee Brüche: The Mosbach Book , Mosbach 1978

literature

  • Lin Qing: On the early history of the electron microscope . GNT-Verlag, Stuttgart 1995, ISBN 978-3-928186-02-5 .
  • Klaus Hentschel : On the mentality of German-speaking physicists in the early post-war period (1945-1949), Heidelbert: Synchron-Verlag 2005.
personal data
SURNAME Breaks, Ernst
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German physicist and pioneer of electron optics
DATE OF BIRTH March 28, 1900
PLACE OF BIRTH Hamburg
DATE OF DEATH February 8, 1985
Place of death Mosbach