Ernst Grube (contemporary witness)

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Ernst Grube (2019)

Ernst Grube (born December 13, 1932 in Munich ) is a German victim of Nazi persecution and a well-known representative of an active policy of dealing with the past and dealing with it.

Life

Ernst Grube was born in Munich. The family - their father, a master painter and a member of the KPD - lived in Herzog-Max-Strasse, where the synagogue was also located. After its demolition in June 1938, the family had to leave their house because the “Jewish” houses were “de-rented”. The family was split up. Ernst, brother Werner and his sister Ruth were separated from their parents - the mother was classified as "Jewish", the father was a communist - and placed in a Jewish children's home in Schwabing on Antonienstraße. From October 1941 the children in the home had to wear the yellow Star of David. They were no longer allowed to go to the cinema or take the tram; they were given training. According to Grube, they were "spat upon and insulted" on the street. “Go away, Saujud!” Was the motto when the children were playing.

In 1941, 23 children and the carers from the home, including the eight-year-old's best friend, were picked up by bus and deported to Lithuania, where they were shot. Ernst Grube and his siblings escaped this because they were considered " half-Jews " and his father had refused to divorce his wife. In the spring of 1942, the remaining children in the home moved to a “narrow, damp barrack camp” in Milbertshofen. In 1943 he was denied access to a shelter because of the Star of David before an Allied air raid. He later explained that he “laid himself under the bushes. The bombs fell all around me. ”At the beginning of 1945, Grube was deported to the Theresienstadt ghetto with his siblings and his mother . The liberation of the camp by the Red Army saved them.

In June 1945 Grube returned to Munich, became a master painter like his father, then graduated from high school and became a vocational school teacher. In the early 1950s, rearmament motivated him to take a stand against it. He took part in the protests in Munich, was beaten several times by the police, imprisoned and sentenced to seven months in prison for resisting state violence. Grube became a member of the trade union, the FDJ , which was banned in 1951, and the KPD, which was banned in 1956. In 1959 the Federal Court of Justice sentenced him to one year in prison, among other things for violating the KPD ban .

At the beginning of the 1970s, the vocational school teacher who was (and is) a member of the DKP was dismissed due to the radical decree, which was only withdrawn after he put "the Jewish star ... on the desk" of the clerk in the Munich town hall.

In 2010, the deputy chairman of the Bavarian Association of Victims of the Nazi Regime (VVN-BdA) was mentioned by name as a member in the annual report of the Bavarian State Office for the Protection of the Constitution . "Public contemporary witness appearances by former concentration camp prisoners," it said, "should give the VVN-BdA a democratic look." This led to public protests, especially since Grube appeared in public with well-known representatives of the CSU on numerous occasions . One of the public appearances in the following year was an interview by Bayerischer Rundfunk with Grube under the title Ernst Grube: KZ-Kind, Antifaschist , Jude , a contribution that was included in the ARD media library. The CSU also objected to Interior Minister Herrmann as the LfV's employer. The mention jeopardizes "the politics of remembrance in Bavaria". The Süddeutsche Zeitung commented that a Nazi victim was stigmatized and that the official report did not move with the times. As a result, the attribution had to be removed. In contrast to the representations of the Federal Office and all other state offices, however, the VVN in Bavaria is still listed in the annual report and the mine is monitored. Together with the SPD member of the state parliament Florian Ritter , the former SPD mayor of Munich Klaus Hahnzog and the deputy state spokeswoman of the ver.di Bayern union, Linda Schneider, Grube presented a petition to the public in 2015 with which the VVN was also deleted for Bavaria the intelligence service annual report is required.

Grube is president of the Dachau camp community , co-chairman of the Friends' Association for International Encounters, chairman of the board of trustees of the Bavarian Memorials Foundation , member of the board of trustees of the Evangelical Church of Reconciliation and on the political advisory board of the NS Documentation Center of the City of Munich .

Honors

Movie

  • Ingeborg Weber, Christel Priemer: Ernst Grube - contemporary witness. From someone who doesn't give up.

Fonts

  • “You don't wear the star.” Childhood memories of the persecution of the Jews in Munich, in: Dachauer Hefte , 9 (1993), pp. 3–13.

literature

  • Angelika Baumann, Jewish life in Munich. History competition 1993/94, Munich 1995.
  • Andreas Heusler / Andrea Sinn (eds.), The Experience of Exile: Expulsion, Emigration and New Beginnings. A Munich reader, Berlin / Boston 2015.
  • Klaus Holz , The Negation of Judaism: Anti-Semitism as a Religious and Secular Weapon, Münster 2009.
  • Christian Kuchler (Ed.), Nazi Propaganda in the 21st Century: Between Prohibition and Public Discussion, Cologne / Weimar / Vienna 2014.
  • Julius Hans Schoeps, Life in the Land of Perpetrators, Berlin 2001.
  • Study group for research and communication of the history of resistance 1933-1945 (ed.), Resistance against National Socialism. Prospects of mediation. Conference from March 17-18, 2007 in Frankfurt am Main, Wiesbaden 2007.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Joachim Bomhard: “We mustn't sleep” , interview, in: Friday, December 9th, 2011
  2. ↑ a b One of the last contemporary witnesses. A Munich resident who doesn't forget in: Die Abendzeitung, November 6, 2015
  3. ↑ "I wouldn't be here without the Red Army, the Red Army saved my life" on the website of the DKP Südbayern
  4. ↑ Thies Marsen: Portrait of Ernst Grube from Munich , November 16, 2007 on hagalil.com
  5. ↑ VVN-BdA NRW, Is anti-fascism unconstitutional? VVN-Bayern document against defamation by the CSU government, June 28, 2016, see: [1] .
  6. ↑ Ties Marsen, Ernst Grube: KZ-Kind, Antifaschist, Jude , October 28, 2011 ( Time for Bavaria series ), see: [2] .
  7. ↑ [3] .
  8. ↑ a b Helmut Zeller: Stigma Constitutional Enemy. Interior Ministry classifies Nazi victims as left-wing extremists , Süddeutsche Zeitung, June 3, 2011, see: [4] .
  9. ↑ See the reports of the state offices and the federal office, which are completely online; see also: Sophia Schirmer: Antifascist instead of left-wing extremist , in: Süddeutsche Zeitung, October 2, 2014.
  10. ↑ Nadja A. Mayer, witness under observation, in: Sonntagsblatt. Evangelical weekly newspaper for Bavaria, witness under observation, 15/2012, 8 April 2012.
  11. ↑ [5] .
  12. ^ List of initial signatories: [6] .
  13. ↑ Lagergemeinschaft Dachau, contact
  14. ^ Foundation of Bavarian Memorials .
  15. ↑ Munich shines: Archive 2002. muenchen.de, accessed on September 3, 2016 .
  16. ↑ Honor for an Inconvenient , Süddeutsche Zeitung of August 9, 2017
  17. ^ The Intrepid report on the documentary in the Süddeutsche Zeitung , March 17, 2017
personal data
SURNAME Pit, Ernst
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German-Jewish Nazi persecuted
DATE OF BIRTH December 13, 1932
PLACE OF BIRTH Munich