Eucalyptus saligna
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Eucalyptus saligna |
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Eucalyptus saligna is a species ofthe myrtle family (Myrtaceae). It occurs on the coast of New South Wales , in the Great Dividing Range , as well as in the southeast and in places on the east coast of Queensland and is called there "Gray Gum", "Blue Gum" or "Sydney Blue Gum".
description
Appearance and leaf
Eucalyptus saligna grows as a tree that can reach heights of up to 50 meters. The bark is smooth all over the tree and sometimes remains on the lower part of the trunk, is powdery white or gray to pale brown and peels in short ribbons or patches. The bark of the small branches is green. There are no oil glands in the marrow of the young branches or in the bark.
In Eucalyptus saligna is Heterophyllie ago. The leaves are always divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. The leaf blade on young specimens is ovate and shiny green to dark green. On medium-old specimens, the leaf blade is about 12 cm long and about 5 cm wide, also ovate, straight, with entire margins and shiny green to dark green. The leaf stalks on adult specimens are 15 to 25 mm long and narrowly flattened or channel-shaped. The leaf blade on adult specimens with differently colored, glossy, dark green upper and lower sides is 10 to 17 cm long and 2 to 3 cm wide, broadly lanceolate, relatively thick, curved sickle-shaped, tapers towards the base of the blade and has a more or more less pointed top. The side nerves, which are barely visible, leave the median nerve at small intervals at an obtuse angle. The cotyledons ( cotyledons ) are upside-kidney-shaped.
Inflorescence and flower
On the side of an inflorescence stem with a length of 4 to 18 mm and a diameter of up to 3 mm in cross section, with a narrow flattened or angular inflorescence stem, there are seven to eleven flowers together in a simple inflorescence . The flower stalks, if present, are up to 3 mm long and stalk-round. The not blue-green floured or frosted flower buds are egg-shaped to cylindrical or spindle-shaped with a length of 5 to 8 mm and a diameter of 3 to 4 mm. The sepals form a calyptra that falls off early. The smooth calyptra is conical and slightly beak-shaped, as long or twice as long as the smooth flower cup (hypanthium) and as wide as this. The flowers are white or creamy white.
fruit
The stalked or sessile fruit is 5 to 8 mm long and 4 to 7 mm in diameter cylindrical, pear-shaped or bell-shaped and three- to fourfold. The disc is pressed in, the fruit fans stick out.
ecology
After forest fires, Eucalyptus saligna regenerates from dormant buds and the lower branches. Specimens of Eucalyptus saligna can live for over 200 years.
The gray-headed flying fox ( Pteropus poliocephalus ) feeds on the flowers, the koala ( Phascalarctos cinereus ) on the leaves and the Pennant Parakeet ( Platycercus elegans ) on the seeds of Eucalyptus saligna . Also longhorn beetle species Paroplits australis and Agrianome spinicollis and Tessaromma undatum were found already on Eucalyptus saligna .
The death of the crowns of Eucalyptus saligna depends on the occurrence of the regional and aggressive bird "Bell Miner" ( Manorina melanophrys ) and the insect Glycaspis spec. together, a symptom that is known in English as "Bell-Miner-associated Dieback" (BMAD). The exact ecological mechanisms that lead to this symptom, however, are unknown.
Occurrence
The natural range of Eucalyptus saligna is the coast of New South Wales and the adjacent Great Dividing Range as well as the southeast and in places the east coast of Queensland . While Eucalyptus saligna occurs as a pure form north of Sydney , the populations south of ´Sydney show increasingly intergradations with Eucalyptus botryoides towards the south . Up to Batemans Bay the specimens still resemble mainly Eucalyptus saligna , further south they resemble Eucalyptus botryoides .
Eucalyptus saligna thrives widely and often in damp forests on barren or moderately fertile soils , often on slopes.
Taxonomy
The first publication of Eucalyptus saligna was made in 1797 by James Edward Smith titled Botanical Characters of Some Plants of the Natural Order of Myrti in Transactions of the Linnean Society of London , Volume 3, page 285. synonyms for Eucalyptus saligna Sm. Are: Eucalyptus saligna var. protrusa Blakely & McKie , Eucalyptus saligna Sm. var. saligna , Eucalyptus saligna Sm. subsp. saligna .
There are natural hybrids of Eucalyptus saligna with Eucalyptus acaciiformis and in Queensland also with Eucalyptus quadrangulata and Eucalyptus tereticornis .
use
The wood of Eucalyptus saligna is dark honey-colored, hard and has a specific weight of around 850 kg / m³. It is used as construction timber, for cladding and in boat building. Because of its color, floors and furniture are often made from this wood.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c View Specimen search results: Eucalyptus saligna at Australia's Virtual Herbarium. Council of Heads of Australasian Herbaria . Retrieved April 19, 2013
- ↑ a b c d APNI = Australian Plant Name Index . Center for Plant Biodiversity Research. Australian Government. Retrieved April 19, 2013
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k K. Hill: Eucalyptus saligna (Sm.) At New South Wales Flora Online . National Herbarium of NSW, Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney. Retrieved April 19, 2013
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Eucalyptus saligna at EucaLink - A Web Guide to the Eucalypts . Retrieved April 19, 2013.
- ↑ a b Doug Benson & Lyn McDougall: Ecology of Sydney plant species: Part 6: Dicotyledon family Myrtaceae . Cunninghamia 1998, Volume 5 (4), p. 926. (PDF; 765 kB) Accessed April 19, 2013.
- ↑ Trevor J. Hawkeswood: Review of the biology, host plants and immature stages of the Australian Cerambycidae (Coleoptera): Part 1: Parandrinae and Prioninae . Giornale Italiano di Entymologia 1992, Volume 6, pp. 207-224. Retrieved April 19, 2013.
- ↑ Grant Wardell-Johnson & Christine Stone & Harry Recher & Jasmyn L. Lynch: Eucalypt dieback associated with bell miner habitat in south-eastern Australia Australian Forestry 2005, Volume 68 (4). 231–236 ( Memento of the original from March 21, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 91 kB) Accessed April 19, 2013.
- ↑ Eucalyptus saligna at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed April 19, 2013.
- ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Eucalyptus saligna. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved April 19, 2013.
- ^ KR Bootle: Wood in Australia. Types, properties and uses. McGraw-Hill Book Company, Sydney 1983. ISBN 0-07-451047-9 . The author had the book on en-Wikipedia.
