Evangelical Church Nentershausen

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Evangelical Church Nentershausen

The Protestant church is a church building in Nentershausen in the Hersfeld-Rotenburg district ( Hesse ) that characterizes the town. The community belongs to the Rotenburg parish . The church is one of a series of around 20 baroque country churches that were built on the model of the castle chapel in Schmalkalden and the residential church in Marksuhl . What the churches have in common is that instead of stone and stucco , wood from regional origins was found and the woodwork was painted and a wooden barrel ceiling spanned the room. The church is considered one of the most important buildings of Protestant church architecture in the Lower Hesse region.

History and architecture

In the pre-Reformation period the church was consecrated to Saints George, Theobald and Maria . Presumably there was a separate altar for each of these saints. In the Middle Ages, the church was also called St. Theobald's Church. Around 1500 the church was a religious attraction. Heinrich von Baumbach, the patron saint at the time , had received approval from Rome for an indulgence that every visitor can be promised 100 days of indulgence if he or she persists on certain days from one Vespers to the next. The profits from the sale of indulgences were used to purchase valuable equipment for the liturgy and pictures for the church. After the Reformation was introduced in Hesse in 1526, Nentershausen also became Protestant. Between 1605 and 1606, Landgrave Moritz had portraits, crucifixes, baptismal fonts and other things removed and destroyed from all churches in Calvinist Lower Hesse.

The masonry of the exterior is Gothic and is structured by pointed arch windows. The interior has a baroque interior. An outstanding feature is the tower, which is pushed into the south wall like a bolt and separates the higher east nave from the west nave. The tower was raised above a round floor plan and crowned with a round lantern . An inscription is attached to the tower wall above the pulpit. In the year of Christ 1696 this church was raised with a vaulted ceiling and finally in the year of Christ 1706 it was decorated with colors and paintings.

A previous building was erected in 1349 as a baptistery , it was smaller than the current building; Parts of it are preserved in the north and west walls. The rectangular, elongated building was built in 1613, its interior was fundamentally redesigned from 1696 to 1698. According to findings from excavations in 1978, the round, fortified tower from the 15th century originally stood next to the previous church; it was built over older graves. The church and the tower have grown together as part of later structural changes. The barrel ceiling in the form of a basket arch is not supported by pillars, it rests on the outer walls. This ceiling was painted in 1706 by Simon Steffen, according to his imagination, like a sky. Since God may not be represented while observing the ban on images, he is represented symbolically as God-Creator, God-Son and God-Holy-Spirit. The picture on the east side shows mountains, clouds and sea, above which Yahweh can be read in Hebrew script. The middle ceiling painting shows how Abraham wants to sacrifice his son. An angel comes down to him and puts an end to it. The eye of God is shown in a small field next to it. The picture above the western nave shows John being shown the heavenly Jerusalem by an angel. All around, angels blow fanfares. The separate entrance to the nobility was canceled in 1929, in the same year the painting of the interior was renovated by a church painter Kienzle and in 1979 it was comprehensively restored by the restorer Norbert Fischer without any major retouching. The old stalls were removed in 1929 and replaced with new ones. During the renovation between 1978 and 1979, new benches were installed; During this time the nave on the west side was raised one step and a door in the tower was broken. The lower part of the tower has been used as a sacristy since then. In the sanctuary, the altar was moved to the west and the room behind it was given new seating.

Galleries

In 1696 a circumferential gallery was built in and a single gallery was built on the east gable. The parapets were painted by Johann Fabarius in 1706 with 26 medallions in writing , each of which is explained with a picture medallion on the right and left. Underneath each picture there is a wisdom in the form of a knittel to clarify.

Furnishing

  • The altar plate originally belonged to a Gothic wall altar from the pre-Reformation period; two consecration crosses are still visible. Relics were kept in the carved sepulcrum in Catholic times . The reliquary bowl has been the baptismal font since 1979. Since the renovation in 1978 and 1979, the altar plate rests on four sandstone feet, the altar has been moved closer to the visitor's benches.
  • The crucifix was the only piece of furniture that remained almost intact after the destruction of the paintings in January 1606. The crucifix was carved from linden wood around 1470 and stood in the tower from 1606 to 1870. It was restored by Norbert Fischer in 1979; the old overpainting was removed and the original version was restored.
  • The pulpit was built around 1697 and placed on the flattened wall of the tower. It is supported by a round pillar that is painted with grapes and vine leaves. Verses from the Bible are written in gold in six fields on the parapet.
  • The baroque organ front was probably made between 1680 and 1690. It is a work by Jost Friedrich Schäffer . On the pewter-colored prospect pipes, which no longer work today, mask-shaped faces are painted in gold; the louvers form the mouths. To the right and left of the prospectus there are large, conspicuous ornaments. A partially new building and reconstruction took place in 1989 by Dieter Noeske .
  • Until 1805, the members of the former patronage family von Baumbach were buried in the eastern part of the church. The three oldest of the surviving grave slabs are shown in the north wall, in the so-called Baumbach stand . Two more grave slabs of the family are attached to the west and east of it, the remaining slabs were placed on the outside walls of the church as part of the renovation in 1929.
  • The big bell was cast in 1498 and is dedicated to St. Theobald. It bears an inscription Heinricus heis I / in Sanct Theobaldus he lut I / Stefan Hofmann gos me The bell was a foundation of Heinrich von Baumbach.
  • A Pietà was carved around 1515 and is currently exhibited in the University Museum in Marburg .

literature

  • Evangelical Church Community Nentershausen (ed.): The Evangelical Church in Nentershausen; Festschrift for the 650th anniversary on August 5, 1999. Evangelischer Medienverlag, Kassel, 1999
  • Rudolf Schulze: The Protestant Church in Nentershausen . Photos by Heinz Ebrecht, complete production by Thiele & Schwarz, 1992, ISBN 3-89477-992-6
  • Dehio manual edited by Folkhard Cremer, Tobias Michael Wolf and others: Hessen I administrative districts of Giessen and Kassel . Deutscher Kunstverlag, 2008, ISBN 978-3-422-03092-3

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Belonging to the church district
  2. ^ Rudolf Schulze The Protestant Church in Nentershausen Photos by Heinz Ebrecht, complete production by Thiele & Schwarz 1992 ISBN 3-89477-992-6 pages 1 and 2
  3. ^ Rudolf Schulze The Protestant Church in Nentershausen Photos by Heinz Ebrecht, complete production by Thiele & Schwarz 1992 ISBN 3-89477-992-6 page 2
  4. ↑ Dehio-Handbuch edited by Folkhard Cremer, Tobias Michael Wolf and other Hessen I administrative districts Gießen and Kassel Deutscher Kunstverlag 2008 ISBN 978-3-422-03092-3 pages 673 and 674
  5. ↑ Rudolf Schulze The Protestant Church in Nentershausen Photos by Heinz Ebrecht, complete production by Thiele & Schwarz 1992 ISBN 3-89477-992-6 pages 14 to 17
  6. ↑ Rudolf Schulze The Protestant Church in Nentershausen Photos by Heinz Ebrecht, complete production by Thiele & Schwarz 1992 ISBN 3-89477-992-6 pages 6 and 7
  7. ↑ a b Dehio-Handbuch edited by Folkhard Cremer, Tobias Michael Wolf and others from Hessen I Gießen and Kassel administrative districts German art publisher 2008 ISBN 978-3-422-03092-3 page 674
  8. ^ Rudolf Schulze The Protestant Church in Nentershausen Photos by Heinz Ebrecht, complete production by Thiele & Schwarz 1992 ISBN 3-89477-992-6 page 15

Coordinates: 51 ° 0 ′ 45.1 ″  N , 9 ° 56 ′ 6.3 ″  E