Ewald Wassiljewitsch Iljenkow

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The grave of the philosopher and his father in the Novodevichy Cemetery in Moscow.

Ewald Wassiljewitsch Iljenkow ( Russian Эвальд Васильевич Ильенков ; born February 18, 1924 in Smolensk ; † March 21, 1979 in Moscow ) was a Soviet philosopher , psychologist and educator .

Life

Ilyenkov began studying at the Moscow Institute of History, Philosophy and Literature (MIFLI) in 1941, which he had to break off in 1942 when he was called up. In 1946 he resumed his studies at the philosophical faculty of Moscow's Lomonosov University and graduated in 1950. In 1953 he defended his doctoral thesis on "Some questions of materialistic dialectics in Marx 's work 'On the critique of political economy'". In 1968 he received his habilitation “On the Question of the Nature of Thought”.

Ilyenkov dealt with central questions of philosophy. His main focus was epistemology , dialectics and logic in a materialistic understanding. Much of his work deals with the problem of the identity of thinking and being. Ilyenkov relied on the views of Marx, but - with critical distance - also on the philosophy of Spinoza and Hegel .

Ilyenkov also worked as a philosopher on psychological and pedagogical issues and wrote a. a. about personality theory, thought development and knowledge acquisition in school lessons. He was connected to the cultural-historical school of psychology, but especially to the theory of activity . He stood u. a. close to the boarding school for the deaf-blind in Zagorsk under the direction of Alexander Meshcheryakov and tried to continue the work after his death in 1974. He supported several former boarding school students in their studies of psychology. In 1979 he decided to commit suicide .

Works

In Russian

  • The dialectic of the abstract and the concrete in Marx's “ Capital ” (Диалектика абстрактного и конкретного в “Капитале” Маркса); Moscow 1960
  • On the question about the nature of thinking (К вопросу о природе мышления), Moscow 1968
  • About idols and ideals (Об идолах и идеалах); Moscow 1968
  • Dialectical logic. Outline of history and theory (Диалектическая логика. Очерки истории и теории); Moscow 1974
  • Lenin's Dialectic and the Metaphysics of Positivism (Ленинская диалектика и метафизика позитивизма), Moscow Politizdat 1980 (posthumous)
  • Art and the Communist Ideal (Искусство и коммунистический идеал) Moscow Iskustvo 1984 (posthumous)
  • Philosophy and Culture (Философия и культура) Moscow Politizdat 1991 (posthumous)

In German translation

  • Ewald Wasiljewitsch Iljenkow: Dialectics of the ideal. Selected essays , compiled, translated and introduced by Gudrun Richter, LIT Verlag, Münster, Hamburg 1994.

literature

  • David Bakhurst: Consciousness and Revolution in Soviet Philosophy Cambridge University Press 1991
  • Wolfgang Jantzen, Birger Siebert (Ed.): One diamond cuts the other. Ewald Wasiljewitsch Iljenkow and the theory of activity. , Lehmann, Berlin 2003
  • Vesa Oittinen (ed.): Evald Ilyenkov's Philosophy Revisited , report on a symposium in Helsinki in September 1999, Gummerus Kirjapaino Oy, Saarijärvi 2000
  • Vesa Oittinen: The Philosophy of Evald Il'enkov Studies in East European Thought 57 (2005) 3-4
  • Gudrun Richter: Introduction In: Iljenkow 1994, pp. 1–13
  • Valentin I. Tolstych: Drama sovetskoj filosofii: Eval'd Vasil'evic Il'enkov Moscow, Rossijskaja Akademija Nauk, Institut Filosofii 1997 ISBN 5-201-01945-5

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Ilyenkow, Ewald Wassiljewitsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Ильенков, Эвальд Васильевич (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Soviet philosopher , psychologist and educator
DATE OF BIRTH February 18, 1924
PLACE OF BIRTH Smolensk
DATE OF DEATH March 21, 1979
Place of death Moscow