Delivery bin
A conveying barrel is a vessel for the promotion of ore and other minerals in saigeren and barrel-sized shafts in medieval and modern mining . In tunnel construction, the delivery bin is usually not used for extraction. The reason was that the mountains had to be reloaded when loading and unloading , which would have resulted in additional work for the shaft .
construction
The conveyor bin has a barrel-like shape and is of different sizes depending on the specific weight of the material to be conveyed. In some mining regions the shape of the delivery bucket is very similar to the shape of the delivery bucket , but the delivery bucket is much larger. The size ranges from 6 to 60 cubic feet . Which conveyor bin is used also depends on the capacity of the available conveyor system . The barrel consists of individual hardwood staves that are held together by iron hoops. For reinforcement, iron struts are attached vertically that cross on the bottom of the barrel. The iron fittings are designed so that they do not protrude from the side. An iron bracket is attached to the upper edge of the bin, which is used to hang the apron chains. The apron chain is attached to the bracket with an easily detachable hook. The barrel bottom is designed so that it can be opened; for this purpose the locking pin of the bottom flap must be removed. The empty weight of the barrel is between 150 and 300 kilograms. Depending on the size of the barrel, payloads of 500 to 800 kilograms can be conveyed. For use at higher conveyor speeds, the conveyor bins are guided with a guide frame attached above the bin. The guide frame slides between guide posts , so-called guide trees, made of wood, attached to the side of the shaft extensions .
commitment
After the conveying bin has been filled, it is conveyed to the hanging bench by means of a reel or göpel, where it is unloaded by the conveyors . The barrel was mainly used in ore mining for vertical extraction. In tunnel construction it was only used for emergencies or for pumping water. It was not used for the cable car , as this was too dangerous due to the non-tear-resistant ropes. The only exception was the promotion of fatally injured miners. The respective conveyor barrel with which a miner made his “last trip” out of the pit was then destroyed. This regulation can be derived from the deep piety of the miners, coupled with the superstition that this conveyor barrel brings bad luck for the mine.
Loading and unloading
loading
The loading is carried out on the deepest level by miners called fillers. These miners use scrapers and troughs for this. In order to be able to load the barrel at the filling point , so-called “frogs” are attached to the guide trees ( guide posts) on which the guide frame is placed. At the filling point there is a recess in the shaft into which the empty barrel slides and touches down before the guide frame touches the frogs above. As a result, the bin does not hang in the shaft, but the rope is loose and the empty bin can easily be removed. Then the filled barrel is hit, pulled into the shaft and pulled there with the conveyor reel to the suspended bench. While the full barrel is being driven up, the empty barrel is refilled with ore.
discharge
There are two methods of unloading the conveyor bin on the hanging bench:
The bin is overturned on a sloping board wall. To do this, the barrel is pulled up until it rests against the board wall above its center of gravity. When the hoisting rope slackens, the bin tilts sideways and is thereby emptied via the filling opening. After the bin has been emptied, it is then conveyed back towards the deepest floor.
To empty the floor , the shaft opening is closed either with a two-door trap door or with a roller bridge. Each of the two doors is made of strong planks that are attached to hinges on one side. The roller bridge also consists of planks with wheels attached to the sides that move on rails. Both manhole covers are designed in such a way that they completely cover the manhole opening and only a small opening remains for the hoisting rope. After closing, a trolley is pushed over the manhole cover so that it stands under the bin. By pulling out the split pin on the bottom flap, the bottom flap opens and the bin is emptied. After emptying, the bottom flap is closed again, the trolley pushed away, the shaft cover opened and the conveying process begins again.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f Gustav Köhler: Textbook of mining science. Sixth improved edition, published by Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig 1903, pp. 427-429.
- ↑ a b c d e Franz Rziha: Textbook of the entire art of tunneling . First volume, published by Ernst & Korn, Berlin 1867, p. 308.
- ↑ a b Georg Agricola: Twelve books on mining and metallurgy . In commission VDI-Verlag GmbH, Berlin.
- ↑ a b c d e f g Emil Stöhr: Catechism of Mining Studies . Lehmann & Wentzel bookstore for technology and art, Vienna 1875, p. 166-168 .
- ^ A b Gustav Köhler: Textbook of mining history. Second improved edition, Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig 1887, pp. 379-380.
- ^ A b Emil Stöhr, Emil Treptow : Basics of mining science including processing . Spielhagen & Schurich publishing bookstore, Vienna 1892.
- ^ Förderverein Rammelsberger Bergbaumuseum Goslar eV (Hrsg.): Rammelsberg daily facilities. Self-published by the Förderverein, Druck Papierflieger Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Goslar 2008, p. 15.