Specialist in psychosomatic medicine and psychotherapy

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The specialist area of ​​the specialist in psychosomatic medicine and psychotherapy is psychosomatics . It deals with illnesses and states of suffering which are caused by psychosocial and psychosomatic factors (including the resulting physical and emotional interactions). The task of the specialist is therefore the detection , psychotherapeutic treatment, prevention and rehabilitation of these diseases.

The specialist for psychosomatic medicine and psychotherapy was introduced in 2003 and replaced the doctor for psychotherapy , which had been available up to then according to the model training regulations . According to a transitional provision, members of the chamber with the specialist title Psychotherapeutic Medicine are entitled to use the specialist title Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy instead .

Specialist training

In Germany

Number of people working in psychosomatics who have completed specialist training (as of 1.1.2001).

In order to work as a specialist in psychosomatic medicine and psychotherapy in the Federal Republic of Germany , a total of 11 years of training and further training is required today (6 years of medical studies, 5 years of specialist training, previous training courses were sometimes shorter).

A license to practice medicine is a prerequisite for starting specialist training . During the current 5-year training period, the following minimum requirements should be met in accordance with the exemplary model training regulations of the German Medical Association:

  • 3 years in psychosomatic medicine
  • 1 year psychiatry and psychotherapy
  • 1 year internal medicine

1/2 year of child and adolescent psychiatry and psychotherapy can be counted towards the year in psychiatry; likewise 6 months in an area of ​​immediate patient care (e.g. dermatology or gynecology or neurology or orthopedics or pediatrics ) on the time in internal medicine. The further training must take place with a further training authorized person at a further training center recognized by a state medical association . Two years can also be served with a resident doctor.

The further training to become a specialist in psychosomatic medicine and psychotherapy includes a well-founded psychotherapeutic further training, so at least 1500 psychotherapeutic treatment hours should be provided under regular supervision . This includes:

There should be respective minimum numbers for the respective individual psychotherapies of different lengths (short-term therapy, medium-length therapies, long-term therapies), group therapies, couple and family therapies. In addition, at least 100 psychosomatic or psychotherapeutic examinations as well as a defined minimum number of crisis interventions and consultancy activities must be acquired.

In Austria

In order to improve the competence of the medical profession in the psychosocial, -somatischen and -therapeutischen area, there are in Austria since 1989, three postgraduate build on each other PSY diploma Training Courses:

  1. PSY 1: ÖÄK diploma for psychosocial medicine (duration approx. 1 year)
  2. PSY 2: ÖÄK diploma for psychosomatic medicine (duration approx. 2 years)
  3. PSY 3: ÖÄK diploma for psychotherapeutic medicine (duration approx. 4 years).

These advanced training diplomas are available to all specialists and general practitioners and impart the aforementioned knowledge and skills. In contrast to Germany, however, there is no specialist in psychosomatic medicine.

Specialist numbers for Germany

In 2015, according to the physician statistics of the German Medical Association, there were 1,216 working specialists in psychosomatic medicine and psychotherapy. Of these, 653 were outpatient, 523 inpatient, 11 in authorities and 29 in other areas.

Demarcation

The specialist for psychosomatic medicine and psychotherapy is the specialist when it comes to a psychosomatic, somatopsychic or a disorder that requires specialized psychotherapy. The spectrum also includes u. a. also psycho-oncology and pain therapy. According to the current training regulations, he is one of the most widely trained psychotherapists in the care landscape. The new specialists in psychosomatic medicine and psychotherapy u. a. various schools of psychotherapy, such as depth psychology, behavioral therapy, systemic approaches and working in different settings (such as individual, group, couple and family therapy), but also specialized psychotherapeutic approaches, such as B. Sexual or trauma therapy on the curriculum. However, unlike for specialists in psychiatry, they are not required to rotate a year in neurology.

In addition to psychotherapeutic competence, the specialist in psychosomatic medicine and psychotherapy also has knowledge of the diagnosis and treatment of other, in particular internal diseases, with which there are overlaps with psychosomatic medicine (e.g. ENT, neurology, orthopedics) through previous medical studies and specialist training. . That is why the clarification and assessment of whether the symptoms of physically seriously ill patients frequently occurring in the psychosomatic field have a physical or a psychological cause is a central task of specialists in psychosomatic medicine and psychotherapy.

The specialist discipline of psychosomatic medicine and psychotherapy shares with related disciplines such as the specialist in psychiatry and psychotherapy , the specialist in internal medicine and the specialist in child and adolescent psychiatry and psychotherapy, the 6-year medical course and a subsequent, nowadays usually five-year specialist training, whereby In the past, specialists mostly completed much shorter training courses, but general practitioners did not have any real training at all. Due to their medical license, all doctors are also allowed to prescribe drugs such as psychotropic drugs, but in principle also drugs for somatic diseases and issue certificates of incapacity for work .

Controversy

There was strong criticism on the part of the interest groups of specialists for psychosomatic medicine (DKPM, DGPM) of the decision of the interest group of specialists for psychiatry (DGPPN) to use the designation psychosomatics in the name.

The specialist society for psychiatry would also welcome it if there were a major joint specialist with psychosomatics, whose name has yet to be determined. However, the German Medical Association has emphasized that both the specialist in psychiatry and psychotherapy and the specialist in psychosomatic medicine and psychotherapy should continue to exist. As part of the amendment to the model further training, it is now being discussed for further training to become a specialist in psychosomatic medicine and psychotherapy to abolish the previously planned psychiatric further training year and to provide 4 years of psychosomatic medicine in addition to 1 year of internal medicine.

Professional societies

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Federal Medical Association (Working Group of the German Medical Associations): (Sample) Further Education Regulations 2003 (in the version of June 25, 2010). Pp. 126–128 , archived from the original ; accessed on January 3, 2018 .
  2. ↑ German Medical Association, model training regulations ( Memento from January 21, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 759 kB)
  3. ↑ German Medical Association (2018): Medical care in Germany. Source: Physician statistics 2015 overall results , Table 3, page 6.
  4. ^ DGPM, Bavarian State Association: What does the psychosomatic person do? ( Memento from October 17, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  5. ↑ https://www.aerzteblatt.de/archiv/147029/Psychosomatische-Medizin-und-Psychotherapie-Spezialist-fuer-Koerper-und-Seele
  6. ↑ Ingeborg Bördlein: Psychosomatics: "Hostile" takeover . In: Deutsches Ärzteblatt PP , 12th year, January 2013 edition, p. 21.
  7. ↑ Claudia Schumann, Martina Rauchfuß, Wolfgang Lütje: Psychosomatics: Constructive cooperation required . In: Deutsches Ärzteblatt , 110th year, No. 11, A-509 (letter to the editor).
  8. ^ Wolfgang Kämmerer: Independent subject. Psychosomatic medicine and psychotherapy: a position assessment after 20 years . In: Niedersächsisches Ärzteblatt , No. 03/2013.
  9. ↑ Johannes Kruse: Report on the first meeting on the further development of the model further training regulations in the German Medical Association ( Memento from December 5, 2013 in the Internet Archive ). Website German Society for Psychosomatic Medicine and Medical Psychotherapy (DGPM) e. V. Accessed December 21, 2013.