Fasti Antiates maiores
The Fasti Antiates maiores are a painted wall calendar from the time of the late Roman Republic as well as the oldest and only archaeologically recovered local Roman calendar or Fasti from the time before the Julian calendar reform . They were found in 1915 in Anzio , the ancient Antium , in a crypt complex in the immediate vicinity of the coast and are now in the Palazzo Massimo alle Terme in Rome, a location of the Museo Nazionale Romano .
Location
Anzio is about 58 km south of Rome in the Lazio region . No later than the sixth century BC. The Latins immigrated to the area of Latium and stayed until 338 BC. Independent from Rome. It was not until the Second Latin War that Rome subjugated the area in the Battle of Trifanum and then incorporated it into the Roman Empire .
description
The Fasti Antiates maiores consisted of the two parts of the thirteen-month calendar and the lists of the consuls . The 1.16 m high and 2.50 m wide calendar contained the leap month Mensis Intercalaris in addition to the twelve months . The list of consuls was 1.36 m wide at the same height as the calendar.
In addition to the usual information from Roman calendars, the date of foundation (dies natales) of temples in the city of Rome are mentioned in the calendar section . The names of the consuls span a period from 164 BC. BC to 84 BC After completing the existing gaps on both end parts, the list is extended to an epoch of 173 BC. BC to 67 BC Chr.
The Fasti Antiates maiores must have existed between 67 BC. BC and 55 BC BC, because among other things the founding date of the Venus temple associated with the theater of Pompey is missing.
content
The calendar-processed content is called, among other important events such as the Ludi Mega Lense , one of Magna Mater applicable cult . In 191 BC The inauguration of their temple on the Palatine followed on April 11th . The associated holidays included the period from April 4th to April 11th. A confirmation of the dates of the Ludi-Megalense can be found in the Fasti Quirinales , which also classify April 11 as an EN day . Later Fasti traditions contain a transmission error, which is why the fixed period 4 to 10 April given there is to be regarded as incorrect.
literature
- Jörg Rüpke : Calendar and Public: The History of Representation and Religious Qualification of Time in Rome . de Gruyter, Berlin 1995, ISBN 3-11-014514-6
Web links
- James Grout: Fasti Antiates (English)
Individual evidence
- ^ Jörg Rüpke: Errors and misinterpretations in the dating of the "dies natalis" of the Mater Magna temple in Rome . In: Journal of Papyrology and Epigraphy , No. 102 . 1994, pp. 237-240.