Felbamate

Structural formula
General
Non-proprietary name	Felbamate
other names	2-phenylpropane-1,3-diyldicarbamate
Molecular formula	C 11 H 14 N 2 O 4
Brief description	white solid
External identifiers / databases
EC number	247-001-4
ECHA InfoCard	100,042,714
PubChem	3331
DrugBank	DB00949
Wikidata	Q421301
Drug information
ATC code	N03 AX10
Drug class	Anti-epileptic drugs
properties
Molar mass	238.24 g · mol -1
Physical state	firmly
Melting point	149 ° C
safety instructions
	Please note the exemption from the labeling requirement for drugs, medical devices, cosmetics, food and animal feed
GHS labeling of hazardous substances	no GHS pictograms
	no GHS pictograms
H and P phrases	H: no H-phrases
	P: no P-phrases
Toxicological data	> 5000 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 , rat , oral )
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Felbamate ( trade name Taloxa ^® ) is an anti-convulsive drug that is used in the treatment of epilepsy .

Mechanism of action

The exact mechanism of action is not yet known. Felbamate has an antagonistic effect on receptors of excitatory amino acids: it presumably blocks the glycine binding site of the NMDA receptor and additionally strengthens - but only weakly - the GABAergic transmission of excitation.

application areas

The broad mechanism of action establishes a large area of application for a wide variety of epilespsy syndromes. Due to the side effect profile, it is mainly used for otherwise therapy-resistant focal and secondary generalized seizures, for various seizure forms of Lennox-Gastaut syndrome and for therapy-resistant West syndrome .

Side effects

Depending on the dose, side effects of the gastrointestinal tract are nausea, vomiting, poor appetite and weight loss, the nervous system headaches, sleep disorders, blurred vision and balance disorders. Irrespective of the dose, there was a frequency of 1: 3000 to a complete standstill of the blood formation ( aplastic anemia ) with a 30% fatal course and in 1: 7000 treatments to acute liver failure with a 60% fatal course. This results in a combined total risk of 1: 2000 life-threatening side effects with a mortality risk of 1: 5500 treatment cases. The failure of blood formation has never been observed in children under the age of 13. However, due to these special risks, felbamate is only used in selected cases with severe epilepsy, taking special precautionary measures.

administration

The drug is taken orally and remains in the blood for about a day.

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d data sheet Felbamate at Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on June 16, 2011 ( PDF ).
↑ Aktories et al. (Editor): General and special pharmacology and toxicology 2005, 9th edition, ISBN 978-3-437-44490-6 , p. 292.

[sigma-1] ta sheet Felbamate at Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on June 16, 2011 ( PDF ).

[2] Aktories et al. (Editor): General and special pharmacology and toxicology 2005, 9th edition, ISBN 978-3-437-44490-6 , p. 292.