Felberturm
| Felberturm | ||
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| Alternative name (s): | Felben castle ruins, Velben-Kasten | |
| Creation time : | 12th Century | |
| Castle type : | Location | |
| Conservation status: | Tower restored | |
| Place: | Mittersill municipality | |
| Geographical location | 47 ° 16 '40 " N , 12 ° 29' 30.9" E | |
| Height: | 789 m above sea level A. | |
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The Felberturm , also castle ruins Felben or Velben Box called, is located in the district of the town of Felben Mittersill in the district Zell am See in the Pinzgau in the state Salzburg (Museumstraße 2). The tower belonged to one of the typical, small castle complexes in Pinzgau, of which only the Weyerturm in Bramberg am Wildkogel has survived . The castle itself stood on the level at the entrance to the Felbertal .
history
The tower was probably built in the first half of the 12th century. The von Velben family lived here . Heitfoch der Velber is documented between 1147 and 1194. He was a noble vassal of the Counts of Lechsgemünd- Mittersill. Ulrich der Velber can be traced between 1216 and 1232, but he is already a ministerial of the Salzburg archbishops , who then (1228) acquired the county of Oberpinzgau. Other family members are Gebhard I., Gebhart II. And the brothers Heinrich and Ekko von Velben. The latter gave half of this property to Archbishop Friedrich III. In the following year Heinrich received back his pledged half at the castle in Kaprun and had to do without the Felbenturm. The Lords of Felben were also keepers at Mittersill Castle .
The archbishop lent the tower to the Lords of Kuchl until 1351 and then again to Heinrich von Velben († 1369). His widow Dorothea, née von Waldeck , survived two other husbands (Chalhosberger, Lebenberger). After her death († 1425) a protracted inheritance dispute broke out, which Archbishop Pilgrim II of Puchheim was able to decide for himself and withdrew the fallen fief. Since the much more fortified castle was available in Mittersill, the Felberturm lost its importance as a fortification.
The tower was to as Leibgeding issued to deserving court officials, so to Georg Fröschl (1454), salter in Reichenhall, or the Marshal Christopher Trauner (1469).
Archbishop Bernhard von Rohr had the tower converted into a granary (hence the name Felberkasten). Despite the fact that the roof had to be maintained, it was still inhabited. Mention should be made of the silver treasurer Sebastian Silberbeck (1508), Georg Kopeindl (1539), the valet Matheus Janschitz (1598) and the Hofumgelter Kellmüller (1640). Archbishop Paris Lodron gave the tower to his Vice Chancellor Volpert Motzl and converted the property into a knight's fief. The tower remained in the possession of the Motzl family until 1812, when the Bavarian government (Salzburg was then occupied by the Bavarians) had it auctioned. Passion plays were performed in the tower in 1813 and 1814.
The Mittersill master brewer Josef Dieck bought the tower. The children of Alois Löhr (Maria, Joseph, Johann and Mathias) inherited the property from him in 1835. In 1837 the guests Anton and Maria Meilinger bought the tower. This was followed by Anton (1844), Peter (1863) and Josef Meilinger (1868). His wife Elise Meilinger died in 1898. Georg and Anna Hotter, Jakob Steger (1908), Margaret Rahn (1929), married Nindl and Lorenz Nindl (1934) followed. In 1936 the tower was acquired by the market town of Mittersill, which is still the owner today. On the area of the tower is the Häuslegut (Fröstllehen), which was the Meierhof of Kaprun Castle.
From around 1850 to 1964 the Felberturm was a roofless ruin. The old entrance to the tower was not at ground level, but only reached via a retractable ladder. In the past, the tram stumps made it possible to distinguish between three floors, each four meters high. The floors were separated by beam ceilings. The plaster shows a different floor plan, which was probably changed during the renovation in the second half of the 15th century. The windows on the ground floor and on the first floor are designed as loopholes . In the northeast corner of the first floor there is a Gothic (pointed arch?) Entrance gate. On the first and second floors of the eastern wall were two doorways in the middle. To the north are window niches with double benches that allow a view of the Mittersill church. The living rooms, which can be recognized by the larger window format, were on the third and fourth floors. There were no brick chimneys, possibly the chimneys used at that time were made of wood like in old smoke houses . In 1606 the tower was surrounded by a curtain wall .
Felberturm today
The square tower with a ground plan of 16 by 16 meters has a herringbone masonry made of brook stones , slate and gneiss chunks and connected with a kind of cement. The corners are made of well-hewn local stones. The former staircase can still be seen on the north side. Doors and windows were changed during the conversion to the local museum, and the masonry was also bricked up to have a support for the roof.
The local history museum has been housed in the tower since July 6, 1969. For this purpose, a staircase and two floors were drawn in. A garden fence marks the former trapezoidal wall. Farm work and furnishings are on display in the museum. A mineral collection is also housed here, including the famous giant rock crystal specimen by Josef Papp.
literature
- Friederike Zaisberger & Walter Schlegel : Castles and palaces in Salzburg. Pongau, Pinzgau, Lungau . Birch series, Vienna 1978, ISBN 3-85030-037-4 .