Paris by Lodron

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Paris by Lodron, 1627
Archbishop Lodron's tomb
Monument to Archbishop Lodron in Salzburg Cathedral

Paris Count of Lodron ( Paride Lodron ) (born February 13, 1586 at Noarna Castle ; † December 15, 1653 in Salzburg ) from the noble family of Lodron was Roman Catholic Archbishop of Salzburg at the time of the Thirty Years War (1618–1648). While the war devastated the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation and wiped out a third of the population, Paris Lodron was able to keep the peace in Salzburg through a clever policy. In recognition of these extraordinary achievements (together with Eberhard von Regensberg ) he is referred to as the “father of the fatherland” (Latin: pater patriae ).

origin

Paris Graf von Lodron comes from the originally Italian noble family Lodron from Trentino , which also gained a foothold in the German-speaking area in the 16th and 17th centuries, namely from the line of Vallagarina (the camp valley) or of Castelnuovo-Castellano. He was at the Noarna Castle (Castelnuovo) as the son of Count Nicolò / Nikolaus von Lodron (* 1549 in Castelnuovo; † November 10, 1621 in Nogaredo), imperial colonel and governor of Tyrol, who expanded Castel Noarna into a baroque aristocratic residence and the In 1553 he had Palazzo Lodron built in Nogaredo for the first time, and his first wife (since May 27, 1585) Dorothea von Welsperg (* 1559 - † November 4, 1615) was born.

Through his father's brother Christoph Graf von Lodron († 1660), Paris Graf Lodron was also connected to the Princely House of Liechtenstein , as his daughter Countess Elisabeth von Lodron († 1688) was the mother of Countess Eleonore Barbara von Thun and Hohenstein († 1723) , the wife of Prince Anton Florian von Liechtenstein († 1721), was the first to rule the Principality of Liechtenstein, created in 1719 .

life and work

At the age of eleven he went to Trento to study theology , and later to Bologna . He finished his studies with the Jesuits in Ingolstadt in 1604. He was Maria Saaler provost (1611-1616) and ordained a priest in March 1614 . At the request of Archbishop Markus Sittikus von Hohenems , Paris Lodron was elected Provost of the Cathedral and President of the Archbishop's Chamber and, on November 13, 1619, the new Archbishop of Salzburg . He received his episcopal ordination on May 23 of the following year.

Paris Lodron had the most modern Venetian fortifications built in town and country by his master builder Santino Solari . In the city, a defensive belt of five large bastions was drawn around the Neustadt, which stretched from the Linzertoren over the Franz-Josef-Straße area to the former Mirabelltor and the spa garden. In the old town, the rocks of the Mönchsberg were carved out all around (leveled and smoothed) and thus made usable as natural defensive walls. The Müllner Schanze formed the end of the old town on the left bank in the north. The Hohensalzburg Fortress was also considerably expanded in line with the new defense technology, with the outer works (Nonnbergbasteien, Hasengrabenbastei, Katzen) being reinforced.

In 1622 he founded the University of Salzburg , which today bears his name as Paris-Lodron University. On December 17, 1625, Pope Urban VIII confirmed this new university. The sovereign began to drain the Itzlinger Moos and make it arable. The reason for this is likely to have been the plague that raged in Salzburg in 1625 , the origin of which was suspected to be in the mists of the moor.

Despite the military and political problems of his time, Paris Lodron was able to complete the Salzburg Cathedral and have it artistically furnished. The consecration of the cathedral on September 25, 1628 was a splendid eight-day baroque festival. The building activity of Paris Lodron in Salzburg is documented by the family coat of arms of the prince, which can be found mainly on fortification walls. Three collegiate monasteries were founded by Paris von Lodron, 1618 and 1621 in Laufen , 1633 in Tittmoning and in 1631 the snow gentleman`s monastery at the cathedral church in Salzburg.

Archbishop Paris Lodron died in 1653 at the age of 67. He was buried in the crypt of Salzburg Cathedral.

Paris Lodron was the only Prince of Salzburg to be accepted by Ludwig I of Bavaria in the Walhalla near Regensburg. The City of Salzburg named Paris-Lodron-Strasse, where the Salzburg media library was located, in his honor.

coat of arms

The lion with the pretzel tail is characteristic of the prince's family coat of arms.

  • Coat of arms as high relief

  • Coat of arms on the Kapitelhaus in Maria Saal

literature

  • Reinhard Rudolf Heinisch: Salzburg in the Thirty Years War. Notring, Vienna 1968 (also dissertations from the University of Vienna)
  • Reinhard Rudolf Heinisch : Paris Count Lodron: Imperial Prince and Archbishop of Salzburg. Amalthea, Vienna et al. 1991, ISBN 3-85002-312-5 .

Articles in encyclopedias

Web links

Commons : Paris Lodron  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Konrad Falko Wutscher: The lodronic locks in the Lagertal in Welschtirol. In Südtiroler Burgeninstitut (Ed.), Burgen Perspektiven. 50 years of the South Tyrolean Castle Institute, 1961–2013. Universitätsverlag Wagner: Innsbruck, ISBN 978-3-7030-0838-2 , pp. 387-399.
  2. ↑ Genealogy of Liechtenstein
  3. ^ Friederike Zaisberger: The celebration of the consecration of the Salzburg Cathedral in 1628 . In: Peter Keller, Johannes Neuhardt (eds.): Archbishop Paris Lodron (1619–1653). Statesman between war and peace . Schnell and Steiner, Regensburg 2003, ISBN 3-7954-1872-0 , pp. 84–87.
  4. ↑ The pretzel tail can be seen well on this detailed photograph of the coat of arms on a portal of the Primogeniturpalast .
predecessor Office successor
Markus Sittikus of Hohenems Archbishop of Salzburg
1619–1653 		Guidobald von Thun
personal data
SURNAME Lodron, Paris from
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Lodron, Paris Count of (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Archbishop of Salzburg
DATE OF BIRTH February 13, 1586
PLACE OF BIRTH Castelnuovo di Noarna Castle
DATE OF DEATH December 15, 1653
Place of death Salzburg