Abela healing cave

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Abela healing cave

The Abela-Heilstollen, formerly Felicitas-Stollen or Grube Felicitas , is a tunnel built in 1863 for slate extraction . The mine operation was closed in 1994. In 1998 speleotherapy was started. The tunnel is located in the Hochsauerlandkreis and belongs to Bad Fredeburg (town of Schmallenberg ). It was renamed Abela-Heilstollen in 2011 as part of Bad Fredeburg's second rating as a place with a healing cave. From 2016 to 2018 the tunnel was closed to visitors and was rebuilt. Events were also held from 2018. Since 2018 you can also dive cave in one area .

geology

The Abela Heilstollen lies in the Rhenish Slate Mountains , in a petrographically monotonous sequence of easily fissile claystones from the Lower Middle Devon , the Upper Fredeburg Layers. The collapse of the stratification and the foliation is between 70 ° and 80 °. The foliation is usually well developed and close together. The minable deposits reach a thickness of about 20 m. The camp is discarded by a mountain fault in the north. Beyond the disruption there are other minable camps.

The tunnel is located on the southern flank of the Ostsauerland main saddle, which descends in this area and southeast of the eastern end of the trough of the Elsper Mulde and thus in the delimited "Arnsberg-Wingeshäuser-Querzone".

Microclimate

Oral hole of the Abela healing gallery

The air temperature in the tunnel is relatively constant at around 9 ° C. The determined relative humidity of the weather was in the saturation range or around 95% relative humidity.

The tunnel is therefore almost completely absent from dust particles, pollen and pathogens. In the depths of the mountain, all particles carried in the tunnels, such as dust particles or allergens , are surrounded by tiny mist droplets and transported to the outside. The air in the tunnel remains almost completely pure, germ-free and constantly renews itself through the laminar (non-turbulent) air flow.

Slate quarry

The Felicitas mine was opened in 1863. It was owned by Hesse & Schneider KG until 1990. Then it was sold to the company Magog GmbH & Co. KG .

The pit is made accessible by a sloping shaft about 130 m long and a weather shaft. The pit consists of two levels in 35 and 46 m depth . The strike extent of the deposit is approximately 400 m. The rock in the inclined shaft was conveyed directly into the split house with a reel system and track-guided conveyor wagons . In recent years, diesel vehicles have been used for transport underground . The dismantling took place in chambers. These were about 15 m long and 4-5 m high. Dismantling has been mechanized since the 1970s using mobile sawing systems and hydraulic splitting machines.

Slates

In the 1950s, the Felicitas school blackboard became one of the major sales drivers for the Hesse & Schneider company. As the basic equipment for all school beginners, the blackboards were an unexpectedly great sales success. A cylinder grinder scratched the writing lines and calculation boxes, which were colored red. The wooden frame was given the appropriate shape using milling and grinding machines. The company name was branded and the frames were painted with spray guns. The tablets were sold in large numbers domestically and in 32 foreign countries.

literature

  • Volker Wrede: Roofing slate mining in the Sauerland . In: Mining in the Sauerland . Schmallenberg 1996, p. 378 ff .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Schmallenberg: Heilstollen Bad Fredeburg and Nordenau officially recognized. (No longer available online.) In: suedwestfalen-nachrichten.de. January 14, 2011, archived from the original on February 11, 2017 ; accessed on February 9, 2017 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.suedwestfalen-nachrichten.de
  2. ↑ Oliver Abraham: Simply underground. In: welt.de. November 12, 2011, accessed February 9, 2017 .
  3. ↑ New attraction: Cave diving in Bad Fredeburg WP from June 28, 2018
  4. ↑ 1993 study
  5. ↑ Bernd Schulte: From the archives of the Sauerland . tape 1 . Podszun, Brilon, ISBN 3-923448-78-3 , pp. 15 and 16 .

Coordinates: 51 ° 11 ′ 55.1 ″  N , 8 ° 16 ′ 24.1 ″  E