Fikret Mualla

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Fikret Mualla , also Fikret Muallâ and Fikret Mualla Saygı , (* 1903 or 1904 in Istanbul , † July 20, 1967 in Reillanne , France ) was a Turkish painter. His work shows influences from Expressionism and Fauvism . His subjects were mainly the Parisian nightlife in bars and cafes and street scenes.

Life

Fikret Mualla was born in the Kadıköy district of Istanbul into an upper-class family. He had an intimate relationship with his mother and suffered greatly from her early death. His father married a second time, but Fikret Muallâ did not accept the stepmother.

At the age of 12 he broke his foot during a soccer game. The boy loved the sport and tried to imitate his uncle Hikmet Topuzer , a football player at Fenerbahçe SK . He never fully recovered from the accident and limped from then on. The early death of the mother and the disability are repeatedly cited as reasons for the later mental illness.

After completing school at Saint-Joseph Fransız Lisesi and Galatasaray Lisesi , his father sent him to Zurich to study engineering. The young man briefly toured Switzerland and Germany, but then went to Berlin and studied at the art academy. The serious foot accident in childhood had led to depression. He was considered unpredictable and insane. He was admitted to mental hospitals several times and suffered from alcohol addiction and paranoia . In 1928 he was admitted to Berlin because of an alcohol delirium. Fikret Mualla went to Paris, which he longed for and which promised unlimited freedom. But he had to return to Turkey because his father stopped paying alimony.

In Istanbul he was released as healthy after a three-day hospital stay in the Bakırköy Psychiatric Clinic. Fikret Muallâ became a drawing teacher at a secondary school in Ayvalık . But he soon quit, moved to the Istanbul district of Beyoğlu and drew a lot. During this time he met the sopranos Semiha Berksoy , the writer Nazım Hikmet and the painter Abidin Dino and became friends with them. He drew costumes for operas and illustrated Hikmet's book of poems Varan 3 . He also drew for Yeni Adam magazine . In his first exhibition in 1934 he showed drawings, watercolors and practical art. In 1936 he was treated in hospital for another year. After his release he decided to leave Turkey because he felt misunderstood and excluded here. His father had since died and left the artist a small legacy. Before traveling to Paris in 1939, he created 30 oil paintings for the Turkish pavilion at the New York World's Fair , which his close friend Abidin Dino had ordered.

Mualla's life in Paris was determined by alcohol addiction and serious mental health problems. He fell in love with the Turkish painter Hale Asaf , who did not reciprocate his feelings. He was again hospitalized for two months, but continued to paint. The French model Dina Vierny was able to prevent deportation . The first exhibition in Paris followed in 1954. He made friends with many artists, including Pablo Picasso , whom he met while working as an assistant in Othon Friesz's studio at the Académie de la Grande Chaumière . He also met the influential Turkish painter Bedri Rahmi Eyüboğlu .

After his second exhibition he had to go to hospital again. Although he was regarded as a notorious drinker and "madman", he was now respected as an artist. The collector Fernande Angles, mostly just Madame Angles, noticed him and took care of him. This enabled him to make a reasonable living as an artist. But luck only lasted a short time. In 1962, Mualla was paralyzed and meanwhile suffered from cirrhosis of the liver . He moved to Reillanne in southeast France. In May 1967 he had to be treated again in hospital because of his mental illness. On the morning of July 20th, Fikret Mualla Saygı was found dead in his bed. He was buried in a poor cemetery. Due to the efforts of President Fahri Korutürk , his body was transferred to Turkey in 1974 and buried in the Karacaahmet cemetery in Istanbul.

Since the beginning of the 21st century, Mualla has been enjoying increasing appreciation in Turkey.

Exhibitions

literature

  • Hıfzı Topuz: Fikret Mualla - Anılar, Resimler, Mektuplar . Everest Yayınları, İstanbul, 2005
  • Hıfzı Topuz: Fikret Moualla - Anatomie d'une Boheme . Paris, 2006
  • Kaya Özsezgin: Yaşamla Sanatın Örtüşümlü Estetiği Fikret Mualla . Kaynak Yayınları, Istanbul 2015
  • Yalın Alpay, Emre Alkin : Moualla'nın Sanatı . Sosyal Yayınlar, Istanbul 2016

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Fikret Mualla (1903-1967) , Turkish Ministry of Culture and Tourism, accessed on April 5, 2018
  2. ↑ a b c d e Fikret Mualla . In: General Artist Lexicon . The visual artists of all times and peoples (AKL). Volume 91, de Gruyter, Berlin 2016, ISBN 978-3-11-023257-8 , p. 131.
  3. ↑ Fikret Mualla nasil öldü? , ODA.TV, accessed April 5, 2018
  4. ↑ Orhan Cebragloğlu: Yaratıcılığın Dualistic Sınırlarında Fikret Mualla Gerçeği , IDIL, Volume 1, No. 5, 2012, pp. 49-60 (PDF)
personal data
SURNAME Mualla, Fikret
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Muallâ, Fikret; Saygı, Fikret Mualla (full name); Moualla, Fikret
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Turkish painter
DATE OF BIRTH 1903 or 1904
PLACE OF BIRTH Istanbul
DATE OF DEATH 20th July 1967
Place of death Reillanne