Fischbach-Camphausen

Fischbach-Camphausen Quiersche parish
Coordinates: 49 ° 18 ′ 17 ″  N , 7 ° 1 ′ 38 ″  E
Height :	239  (230-280)  m
Area :	5.82 km²
Residents :	3324  (Dec. 31, 2010)
Population density :	571 inhabitants / km²
Postal code :	66287
Area code :	06897
Location of Fischbach-Camphausen in Saarland

Fischbach-Camphausen is located near Saarbrücken and belongs to the municipality of Quiigart . Fischbach consists of the two districts Fischbach and Camphausen.

geography

Fischbach-Camphausen is located in the southern Saarland in the Saarbrücken regional association . The Fischbach coming from Merchweiler flows through the place. Fischbach-Camphausen has its deepest point at ~ 230  m and its highest at ~ 280  m . The place is completely surrounded by mixed forest and lies on the edge of the Saarkohlewald , the largest contiguous forest area in Saarland. The Fischbachtal is between the ridge of the Grühling ( 300  m ), the Göttelborner Höhne ( 444.4  m ), the Wackenhübel ( 428.6  m ), the Moosberg ( 296  m ), the Gumpert ( 331  m ), the Reléeberg ( 340 , 1  m ), the Neuhauser Höhe ( 351  m ) and the Kampfhügeler Höhe ( 354.7  m ).

history

Fischbach was originally founded as a workers' village with an iron smelter . The Camphausen mine, built in the 19th century, plays an important role in the history of Fischbach and of the Camphausen district, which was later founded as a civil servants' settlement. The first three houses in the Camphausen settlement were built between 1890 and 1891. It was about mountain director's houses, which - even by today's standards - were generously dimensioned. The actual Camphausen settlement was built from 1890 to 1910. The location of the former civil servants' settlement, which is only a few steps away from the mine, is typical of the Saarland coal area. Great importance was attached to ensuring that key decision-makers were available promptly.

Neolithic

Thousands of years ago the area around Fischbach was at least roamed by Stone Age people. This is evidenced by finds of a tool in the forest area between Quiigart and Fischbach. The tool was made of flint and has a sharp tip. It is based on the period around 5000 BC. Dated. In addition, a stone ax from this period was found in a forest district, today Heiligengraben. The current name of the place where the ax was found is not called "Heiligengraben" but rather "Im Heiliggraben".

Iron age

There are three Celtic burial mounds on the Wackenhübel between Fischbach and Holz. The graves are said to date from the Hallstatt Iron Age (700–500 BC). A hill ("tumulus") has a diameter of 7.75 meters and was about 1.80 meters high. In this grave there were traces of ash and coal, as well as a copper ring with a diameter of 12 cm. It is believed that another find can be attributed to the Celtic era: When shaft 1 of the Camphausen pit was sunk in 1871, a huge oak stick had to be removed first. Broken clay pots, bones and ashes were found underneath. It is believed that they were the remains of a Celtic sacrificial site.

Roman times

Between the Grühlingsstraße in Sulzbach (Saar) and the Fischbacher district Südost 1, forest workers came across a Roman burial place in 1864. Over a hundred years ago, the Wahlschieder teacher AJ Müller discovered Roman ruins in the Weinhof forest district (near the Quiigart clinic). He reported the following about it:

“On the south-eastern slope between the villages of Fischbach and Quiigart, above the stream and the meadows, near the source. The surroundings are completely flat and have the appearance of being used as arable or garden land. The exposed walls of the larger building are 40 paces long and 20 paces wide. The same was divided into three rooms, of which the middle one, which is again divided into two rooms by a transverse wall, was the largest. "

Müller found fragments of hollow and ledge bricks and fragments of earthen vessels there. At a distance of twenty paces he discovered a second ruin of smaller size, which he considered to be a stable.

The Fischbach iron smelter

In 1728 the Princess of Nassau-Usingen, Charlotte Amalie, had the "Fürst-Nassau-Saarbrück-Usingische Hütte on the Fischbach" built. The location was particularly favorable at this point, as the "Most Gracious Lordship" owned some meadows in the middle of the forest. In addition, there was enough water in Fischbach to drive the bellows of the blast furnace and for the stamping mill in which the ore was crushed. At the same time, apartments for workers were built, which resulted in the village of Fischbach. The Fischbacher Eisenschmelze did not cease operations until 1866.

Incorporation

On January 1, 1974, the previously independent municipality of Fischbach was incorporated into the municipality of Quiigart.

Population development

Population history from 1728:

year	Houses	Residents	cath.	evang.	male	female	Born	dead	Influx	Move away
1728	2
1754	5
1803	11	167
1843	58	366	336	30th
1868	93	588
1890	146	1061
1900	211	1878	1744	134
1925		2992	2573	419
1952		3744	3224	517
1959	778	4091	3458	583	1933	2158	53	24
1961		4219
1964		4551			2165	2386	86	38	219	254
1966		4530			2168	2362	67	52	198	196
1968	911	4635			2298	2437
1970		4543			2118	2425	37	42

Shaft IV headframe Camphausen pit (left)

Camphausen pit

→ Main article : Camphausen pit

In 1866, when the Fischbacher iron melt gave up your operation in the same year, decided the mine management in Fischbach civil engineering bays to create. In 1871 the first two civil engineering shafts of the later pit Camphausen were sunk . The forest administration made the entire pit area available on a lease basis. A third shaft was built in 1874. In the same year the mine was named after a visit by the Prussian Finance Minister Otto Camphausen . From 1877 onwards, hard coal was regularly extracted from the shafts until a firedamp and coal dust explosion occurred on March 17, 1885 when further shafts were being sunk , which killed 180 miners and injured 30 others. A memorial in the cemetery commemorates the victims of the disaster. Westschacht II was built in 1886 and was named Franziska I in 1920. After a fire in the hoisting machine building, operations were temporarily completely stopped in 1895. The buddies were distributed to the surrounding shafts for the time being. In 1919, according to the Versailles Treaty, the mine passed into mine ownership without compensation. The first reinforced concrete headframe in the world, shaft IV, sunk in 1908, is particularly close to the pit. This is forty meters high and there were two hoisting machines on the top floor. Another accident occurred on February 16, 1986, in which 7 miners died. The last production was carried out in November 1990 and the pit then closed.

Bathing mushroom in the Fischbachbad in August 2016

The Fischbachbad

On the initiative of the Rußhütte gymnastics club , the Fischbachbad was built in 1926 between Fischbach-Camphausen and Saarbrücken, near the Fischbachtalweiher. In 1939 the bath received a "bath mushroom". In the Second World War , the Fischbachbad was largely destroyed and was no longer visited. It was rebuilt and reopened in 1947. With the renovation previously passed through was Bad flowing Fischbach east past it, and added a carousel and a kiddie pool. In 1950 the bath was very popular with the surrounding population, but was neglected by the construction of the Schwarzenberg bath in 1959 and no longer counted any visitors. In 1965 the Fischbachbad had to close. The layout of the Fischbachbad and the bathing mushroom can still be seen today.

Agriculture and Livestock

There were never full-time farmers in Fischbach, but agriculture and livestock farming played an important role for over 200 years. The wages were so low that no one could do without an agricultural sideline . The government was reluctant to approve new lease land. The forest administration also only released a few pieces of forest for sale or lease. However, the demand was always greater than the supply. Cows were almost exclusively used as draft animals in Fischbach, only the carters kept horses. When potato crab appeared in a field in 1926 , Fischbach was declared a restricted area. From 1927 onwards, only cancer-resistant seed potatoes were allowed to be grown. In the years after World War II, agriculture and horticulture regained great importance by helping to overcome the food shortage. After this improved, however, the importance of agriculture declined again. In 1952 there were only 80.92 hectares of arable land in the municipalities of Quiigart, Fischbach and Göttelborn with a total cadastral area of ​​2,146.34 hectares. Of these, the

• Quiersche community: 51.14 ha
• Fischbach municipality: 4.80 ha
• Göttelborn community: 24.98 ha

In the administrative district there was around 60 m² of arable land per head of the population, but only 12.8 m² in the Fischbach community.

year	Horses	Cows	Pigs	Goats	Sheep	Chicken	Bee colonies	Rabbits	dogs
1913	10	72	203	280
1925	20th	55	166	337	5	1314	29
1926	16	46	165	322	1	1053
1959	0	4th	3	11	0	1159	28	261
1966	0	1	4th	0	0	745	45	242	125
1973	2	0	0	0	0	67	25th	204	210

traffic

Fischbach-Camphausen is located on the 623 motorway and has a stop for the Fischbachtalbahn, which runs from Saarbrücken to Lebach- Jabach . There is also a bus connection to the surrounding towns of Sulzbach / Saar , Dudweiler and Saarbrücken, as well as to Quiigart and Göttelborn . The L127 runs through Fischbach (from north-east to south-west) and connects Quiigart with Saarbrücken. The L255 leads south-east from Fischbach in the direction of A623 to Dudweiler, and the L247 north-west to Holz .

education

• Kindergarten dandelion
• Primary school Fischbach- Göttelborn

Culture

The Fischbacher Musikanten were founded in 1984.

Dump Lydia

The former dump north of the Fischbachbahn was actively used until the 1950s. When this dump was no longer capable of receiving, two new cone dumps were created south of the mine. The new dump probably owes its name to the Lydia shaft that was buried under it. Both cone heaps were later combined to form a table mountain and used from 1950 until the mine was closed in 1990.

Today there is still the shape of a table mountain with an additional cone embankment. The Lydia dump extends over a total area of ​​66 hectares. The plateau of the tabular peak has a size of 12 hectares and a relative height of 60-110 meters. The stockpile base is 270  m above sea level. NHN , the plateau measures 330 m above sea level. The top of the cone heap, which is again piled up, forms the highest point and reaches a total height of 380 m above sea level. The main components of the heaps are shale, clay stones and, in small quantities, conglomerates. Haldenfuß and Kegelhalde were afforested; the plateau remains free from vegetation. The flanks are partially green.

The dump was made accessible to the general public through recultivation measures. The Haldenrundwanderweg leads over the heap and presents three circular, sealed shallow depressions filled with rainwater on the upper plateau. Because of the reflection of the sky in the water of the depressions, these were called "sky mirrors".

politics

Harald Quirin (CDU) has been the mayor since November 18, 2008. The seats in the local council are divided into 6 seats for the CDU, 4 seats for the SPD and one seat for Die Linke.

societies

• Fischbacher Jungs (culture and sport)
• Fishing club
• Badminton club
• Football club
• HSG Dudweiler-Fischbach (handball)
• Settlers Association
• Male choir "Flora"
• Boy Scout "St. Georg"
• Breastfeeding group
• Tennis club
• Gymnastics club
• Volleyball club
• Theater Association Saargold (Carnival and Theater Association)

Companies

• Elmatec GmbH: control cabinet systems
• Will GmbH: roller shutters, sun protection
• Jablonski und Busch GmbH: Road construction
• Bergwerksgesellschaft Merchweiler mbH: The Fischbach mine had been in operation since 1975. It was the last small mine on the Saar. (closed end of 2010)
• Merker Haustechnik GmbH: bathroom, heating and roof work
• B&B: car mechanic
• HaRa: cleaning textiles. World record holder in 1984 in cleaning a 638 m² window area and winner of the European Environment Prize 1992.
• enertec GmbH: MS, LV, HS technology
• Lander: gypsum, plastering, stucco, tiles, gardening and landscaping, painting

literature

• Karlheinz Kügler: Fischbach 1845, his ownership structure and the first inhabitants of the valley , Volume 8, Dudweiler history workshop, 2004
• Herbert Pfeifer: Camphausen, History and Stories' Italic Text , 2010

Web links

Commons : Fischbach-Camphausen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Website of the community Quiigart
• Article about the Fischbachbad on the “Saar-Nostalgie-Seiten” , accessed on November 23, 2015

swell

• Herbert Schuler: Fischbach 1728 - 1978 with a contribution by Gregor Kipper, Repa Druck GmbH, 1978

Individual evidence

1. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 806 .
2. ↑ Brochure “Saarkohlenwald - History and Future”, published by the Saarbrücken City Association, p. 33. PDF file (0.83 MB) , downloaded on November 23, 2015
3. ↑ Brochure “Der Haldenrundweg”, published by the Ministry for the Environment of Saarland and the Saarbrücken City Association, Office for Building, Environment and Planning, 2nd edition, August 2006, p. 44f. PDF file (2.44 MB) , downloaded November 23, 2015