Forst Zinna
Forst Zinna is a former military area. It belongs to the area of the city of Jüterbog in Brandenburg . It is located about three kilometers north of the Jüterbog district of Kloster Zinna . The barracks complex is bounded in the east by the course of the Nuthe and in the west by the new federal road 101 and the Berlin – Halle railway line . Beyond the railway line extends to the west of the former military training area Jüterbog , as Jüterbog-West called (historically: Shooting Jüterbog ), which today together with the eastern area of forest Zinna along the course of Nuthe part of the Nuthe-Nieplitz is within which the area is also designated as a nature reserve Forst Zinna Jüterbog-Keilberg .
Wehrmacht camp
As part of the German rearmament , another troop camp was set up on the edge of the Jüterbog military training area from 1934 . In the chronological order of the old camp and the new camp , this camp was initially named camp III . Other place names were Waldlager Jüterbog / Forst Zinna and Waldlager Forst Zinna near Jüterbog . Immediately afterwards, the place was officially named Adolf Hitler Camp . In addition to the actual troop camp, a separate provisions store and the construction of a train station (1937) rounded off the complex. Until the station was completed, rail traffic was handled via the Grüna-Kloster Zinna station .
According to contemporary witnesses (there are no written sources), the first user of the camp was the SS . From autumn 1935 the Jüterbog artillery school used the camp to set up observation departments for the artillery troops. From the beginning of the 1940s, the Jüterbog Artillery School, the teaching staff T, which dealt with the training of drivers for tracked vehicles, was housed in the camp. There was also an installation department for the assault gun weapon developed in Jüterbog .
During the last weeks of the war, parts of the RAD Infantry Division Friedrich Ludwig Jahn, which was set up in Jüterbog, were quartered here.
Internment camp
Immediately after the end of the Second World War , the Soviet occupying power operated a camp for displaced persons here . Members of different countries were concentrated here - often against their will - and then deported in collective transports to their countries of origin.
Administration Academy
From 1947 on , the German Administrative Academy (DVA) "Walter Ulbricht", which was founded by the SED , used the buildings created by the Wehrmacht. In addition to the actual barracks and technical areas, these included cinema and theater halls, restaurant rooms, sports facilities in a pleasing architecture in the middle of a park-like landscape, and offered ideal external conditions for an academy.
The educational institution's task was to train the political elites for the gradual self-government of the Soviet occupation zone and the GDR, which was founded in 1949. In the five years that the administration school was located in Forst Zinna, numerous well-known people worked there. From 1949 Edwin Hoernle (1883–1952) was Vice President and Dean of the Faculty of Agricultural Policy . An example of the radical orientation of the academy's students is their attack on the monument of Frederick the Great in Zinna Monastery, which they took from the pedestal at night and in fog to destroy it.
Important artists were hired for the representative establishment and expansion of the academy. The Yugoslavian architect Selman Selmanagić (1905–1986), a representative of the Dessau Bauhaus , designed the furniture for the Administration Academy in Forst Zinna in 1947. The painter Lothar Zitzmann (1924–1977), known for one of the representative paintings of socialist realism in the GDR , which once decorated the entrance hall of the Palace of the Republic , had received a state commission in 1952 to make a mural for the academy in Forst Zinna. When the order was awarded, the GDR politicians themselves probably did not yet know that the Soviet Army would soon claim the Forst Zinna camp to accommodate an army staff .
In February 1953 the Administration Academy had to move to Potsdam-Babelsberg , where it was merged with the existing German University of Justice to form the German Academy for Political Science and Law "Walter Ulbricht" .
Soviet garrison
After it was used by the SED, the area was taken over again by the Soviet Army. In the 1970s, a new facility for a construction battalion was built. In the military area there were several administrative buildings, farm buildings, a cinema and a zoo.
On January 19, 1988, one of the worst railway accidents in the GDR, caused by the Soviet military , occurred in Forst Zinna . An express train crashed into a Soviet Army tank that was standing on the tracks. Six people died and 33 were injured.
conversion
Most of the military installations and buildings were removed as part of the conversion . At the end of 2007, the total demolition of Forst Zinna began. A previous inventory showed that there are more than 500,000 cubic meters of enclosed space on the site. It is planned to completely unseal and renaturate the area. One of the goals of the demolition measures is to keep possible commercial space free for the future.
The provisions store from the Wehrmacht era is now a listed building. It consists of two storage buildings, a warehouse, a gatehouse and a residential building.
Forst Zinna is currently only accessible on foot or by bike. A road branching off from today's B 101 was closed to public traffic as part of the renaturation measures . Since 2015, the route of the new B 101 coming from Luckenwalde in the direction of the Zinna Monastery has largely run parallel to the railway line past the western edge of the site.
literature
- Marie-Luise Buchinger, Marcus Cante: Monuments in Brandenburg, Teltow Fläming district. Part 1 - City of Jüterbog with Zinna Monastery and Niedergörsdorf community. Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft, ISBN 3-88462-154-8
- Henrik Schulze: Jammerbock II (military history Jüterbog 1792-2014 in 4 volumes) - The Reichswehr (1919-1934) . Publishing house Dr. Erwin Meißler , Hoppegarten near Berlin 2015, ISBN 978-3-932566-75-2 , p. 116/117 .
- Henrik Schulze: Jammerbock III (military history Jüterbog 1792–2014 in 4 volumes) - The Wehrmacht (1935–1945) . Publishing house Dr. Erwin Meißler , Hoppegarten near Berlin 2016, ISBN 978-3-932566-76-9 , p. 120 ff .
Individual evidence
- ^ Ingo Materna , Wolfgang Ribbe (ed.): Brandenburg history. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1995, ISBN 3-05-002508-5 .
- ↑ Entry in the monument database of the State of Brandenburg
Web links
Coordinates: 52 ° 3 ′ 21 ″ N , 13 ° 6 ′ 48 ″ E