Spring Speedwell
| Spring Speedwell | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Spring speedwell ( veronica verna ) |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Veronica verna | ||||||||||||
| L. |
The spring speedwell ( Veronica verna ) is a member of the plantain family (Plantaginaceae) rarely found in Central Europe . It flowers mainly in April and May.
Appearance
The annual herbaceous plant reaches a height of 3 to 30 cm. The stem is unbranched or ramified at the base. It grows upright and is more or less clearly hairy in two lines in the foliage leaf region. The lower leaves are stalked, ovate-lanceolate in shape and serrated roughly notched. The rest are seated and divided and have linear sections. They are thin and grass-green in color. The flowers sit in terminal clusters . The crown is only about 2 to 3 mm long and colored sky blue. The fruit stalks have a length of about 1 to 2.5 mm. The capsule is round-kidney-shaped, with short, glandeless, downy hair on the surface, 2.5 to 3 mm long, 3.5 to 4 mm wide and has a more or less deep, obtuse-angled border. The stylus has a length of about 0.4 to 0.6 mm and does not protrude beyond the edge.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 16.
Location claims and distribution
The spring speedwell grows on dry grass, in sandy grass corridors and in fields. It prefers dry, mostly loose, lime-free and more or less sandy soils. In Central Europe it is a character species of the Sedo-Scleranthetea class, but also occurs in patchy societies of the dry grassland (Festuco-Brometea class) and less often in societies of the Aperion spica-venti association.
Veronica verna occurs in Europe from Scandinavia to Spain, in the Balkans and in Russia. Further to the east, it ranges from West Asia, Central Asia, the Caucasus to India, Pakistan, Siberia and Xinjiang.
In Austria and Switzerland, the species is rare and endangered in some areas.
The Spring Speedwell is scattered in eastern Germany, otherwise rarely.
ecology
The spring speedwell is a shallow-rooted spring ephemeral.
Systematics
One can distinguish the following subspecies:
- Veronica verna L. subsp. verna
- Veronica verna subsp. brevistyla (Moris) Rouy : It occurs in Sardinia and Corsica.
photos
Habitus
The middle and upper leaves are pinnate to pinnate.
Fruit cluster
The fruits are densely short and downy-haired on the outside, the stylus does not protrude over the capsule bay.
literature
- Henning Haeupler , Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany (= the fern and flowering plants of Germany. Volume 2). Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
- Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald, Raimund Fischer: Excursion flora of Austria. Ed .: Manfred A. Fischer . Ulmer, Stuttgart / Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3461-6 .
- August Binz , Christian Heitz: School and excursion flora for Switzerland , Schwabe & Co. AG, Basel, 1986, ISBN 3-7965-0832-4
- Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora , Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart, 1990, ISBN 3-8001-3454-3
- Christian August Friedrich Garcke : Illustrierte Flora , 1972, Paul Parey publishing house, ISBN 3-489-68034-0
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 839 .
- ↑ Veronica on the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
- ↑ a b Karol Marhold, 2011: Plantaginaceae : data sheet Veronica verna In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.
- ^ A b Manfred A. Fischer, Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 3rd, improved edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 .
Web links
- Spring Speedwell. In: FloraWeb.de.
- Spring Speedwell . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
- Veronica verna L. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved March 7, 2016.
- Distribution in the northern hemisphere
- Thomas Meyer: Ehrenpreis data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )
