Framstrasse
| Framstrasse | ||
|---|---|---|
| Connects waters | Wandelsee | |
| with water | Greenland Sea | |
| Separates land mass | Spitsbergen | |
| of land mass | Greenland | |
| Data | ||
| Geographical location | 80 ° 0 ′ N , 0 ° 0 ′ W | |
|
||
| Smallest width | 500 km | |
| Greatest depth | 5669 m | |
The Fram Strait , named after the Norwegian expedition ship Fram , is a sea route between the Greenland Sea in the North Atlantic and the Wandel Sea in the Arctic Ocean . It runs between Spitzbergen and Nordostrundingen in northeast Greenland . The Framstrasse is about 500 km wide and up to 5,669 m deep ( Molloytief ).
Through the Fram Strait, large amounts of Arctic sea ice - around 2300 km³ plus 1900 km³ of fresh water annually - leave the Arctic Ocean and become part of the East Greenland Current . However, they are subject to strong annual fluctuations.
The Fram Strait is of particular importance in climate development , as it forms the only deep water connection between the Arctic and the rest of the oceans, with a threshold depth of 2200 m ; This connection is used to exchange the oxygen-rich water masses.
While the eastern part of the Fram Strait, influenced by the influx of relatively warm Atlantic water in the West Spitsbergen Current, remains largely ice-free in summer, its western part with the East Greenland Current flowing from north to south is covered by ice all year round. This return flow has warmed up by around 0.5 to 0.8 degrees Celsius since the late 1990s, and the incoming water by just under a degree Celsius.
The Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research has been researching the Arctic on board the research icebreaker Polarstern since 1982 and has installed automatic measuring stations in the Fram Strait for long-term observation of current conditions; Based on the “ 79-degree north glacier ”, the collected data show that the ice in the northeast corner of Greenland is also melting. From 1984 to 1997, the Polarstern created a high-resolution map of the sea floor of the middle Fram Strait using a multi-beam sonar. About 36,500 km² between 78-80 ° N and 0-7.5 ° E were mapped with a resolution of about 100 meters.
See also
Web links
- NASA photo: Framstrasse
- Arctic Regional Ocean Observing System (temperature, salinity and volume fluxes in the Fram Strait)
swell
- ^ Martin Klenke, Hans Werner Schenke: A new bathymetric model for the central Fram Strait. In: Marine geophysical researches. Volume 23, 2002, pp. 367-378, doi: 10.1023 / A: 1025764206736 .
- ↑ Fate of Arctic freshwater exported through Fram Strait , Norwegian Polar Institute.
- ^ Fram road ice transport ( Memento from November 8, 2014 in the Internet Archive ), Max Planck Institute for Meteorology.
- ^ Oceanic circulation in the European Arctic Ocean ( Memento from June 11, 2007 in the Internet Archive ), Institute for Oceanography of the University of Hamburg.
- ^ Rolf Gradinger: Fram Strait . In: Mark Nuttall (Ed.): Encyclopedia of the Arctic . tape 1 . Routledge, New York and London 2003, ISBN 1-57958-436-5 , pp. 669–670 ( limited preview in Google Book search). .
- ↑ a b Deutschlandfunk - Forschung aktuell , November 3, 2016, Volker Mrasek : The ice in the northeast is getting thinner (November 5, 2016).
- ↑ Die Zeit edition 40/2012, p. 44.
- ^ Martin Klenke, Hans Werner Schenke: A new bathymetric model for the central Fram Strait . In: Marine geophysical researches . tape 23 , 2002, p. 367-378 , doi : 10.1023 / A: 1025764206736 (English).