François Rozier

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Abbé Rozier

Jean-Baptiste François Rozier (born January 23, 1734 in Lyon , † on the night of August 28 to 29, 1793 there ) was a French botanist and agricultural scientist . Lay abbot in commendam , patron of Nanteuil-le-Haudouin , Seigneur de Chevreville. Its official botanical author's abbreviation is " Rozier ".

biography

He studied in Villefranche-sur-Saône and temporarily at the seminary of St. Irenaeus of Lyon . He refuses to attend the seminary and devotes himself to science. Pauvre, his brother offers him the management of the family business near Vienne . He invites friends like Marc Antoine Louis Claret de La Tourrette (1729–1793) and Jean-Emmanuel Gilibert (1741–1814) to go on excursions to identify plants . He also met Claude Bourgelat (1712–1779), who opened a veterinary training center in Lyon. In 1761 Rozier became professor of botany and medical fields there. He founded a large botanical garden. In 1765 he becomes director of studies. But after differences of opinion with Bourgelat, Rozier lost his post there in 1769.

In 1775, the Académie des sciences in Paris commissioned Abbé Rozier to create a general register for the Académie. For the first time, Rozier introduces a standard format in the form of standardized playing cards as a card catalog .

He returned to the family domain, where he received Jean-Jacques Rousseau . Together with La Tourette, he published the book Démonstrations élémentaires de botanique in 1776 , which was reprinted several times.

Rozier settled in Paris in 1771, where he bought the Journal de Physique , which he published under the title Journal d'observations sur la Physique, l'Histoire naturelle et sur les Arts et Métiers . This appears over ten years. Anne Robert Jacques Turgot accompanied him to the south of France in 1775 to study local production. In 1777 he traveled to the Netherlands, accompanied by Nicolas Desmarest , to study mills.

In 1779 he moved to the vicinity of Béziers (domaine de Beauséjour), where he began his universal or dictionary of agriculture. With this work Rozier has significantly promoted agriculture. It was a pioneer in many areas. His philosophical convictions exposed him to the persecution of the envious and ignorant. The Bishop of Béziers, Aymar Claude de Nicolaï, even went so far as to build a road through his property at the expense of the province. In 1786 Rozier took over the management of the agricultural school in Lyon. He returned to Lyon a few years later and enthusiastically supported the beginning of the revolution. At the first two assemblies it proposes the creation of a national agricultural school.

Rozier was killed in an explosion in his home during the siege of Lyon in 1793.

Economic activity

Rozier was instrumental in editing the Journal de physique founded by Jacques Gautier d'Agoty (1716–1785) , which he continued under the title Observations sur la physique, sur l'histoire naturelle et sur les arts .

Works

  • 1771: Mémoire sur la meilleure manière de faire et de gouverner les vins de Provence, soit pour l'usage, soit pour leur faire passer les mers, qui a remporté le prix au jugement de l'Académie de Marseille, en l'année 1770 Tips for the treatment of the wines of Provence (F. Brébion, Marseille) - which received the award in the judgment of the Academy of Marseille in 1770 (cez L. Rosset, Lausanne et Lyon).
  • 1773: Démonstrations élémentaires de botanique, à l'usage de l'École royale vétérinaire (two editions, Jean-Marie Bruyset, Lyon)
  • Observations sur la physique, sur l'histoire naturelle et sur les arts ... Juillet-November 1771 (Paris).
  • 1781–1800: Cours complet d'agriculture théorique, pratique, économique, et de médecine rurale et vétérinaire, suivi d'une Méthode pour étudier l'agriculture par principes, ou Dictionnaire universel d'agriculture, par une société d'agriculteurs, et rédigé par M. l'abbé Rozier (universal encyclopedia of agricultural science; with 218 copperplate engravings depicting rural scenes, domestic animals, farm buildings and agricultural implements. 10 volumes, Hôtel Serpente, Paris). Volume 10 (1800) appeared after Rozier's death. 1805, two supplementary editions appeared. [Original versions 5/8 and 9 on gallica]
  • Traité théorique et pratique sur la culture de la vigne, avec l'art de faire le vin, les eaux-de-vie, esprit de vin, vinaigres together with Jean-Antoine Chaptal , Antoine Parmentier (first edition 1801; 2nd edition 1811; Imprimerie: Delalain, Paris) Theoretical and practical treatise on the culture of the vine with the art of making wine, schnapps, brandy, vinegars - simple and compound.
This collection contains the most modern, fundamental texts of viticulture and winemaking theory. Rozier teaches the art of cultivating the vine, Dussieux adds notes and new observations. Chaptal provides the first treatise on wine here. It is called Essai sur le vin . Another treatise follows by Rozier on distillation and by Parmentier on vinegars.

literature

  • Douglas McKie: The “Observations” of the Abbé François Rozier (1734-93) Annals of Science, Volume 13, Number 2, June 1957, pp. 73-89 (17), Taylor and Francis Ltd
  • F. Dissard: L'Abbé Rozier, second directeur de l'Ecole nationale vétérinaire de Lyon (1765–1769) , Thèse de Doctorat vétérinaire, Lyon, 1987

Individual evidence

  1. Getting bogged down creates order from the evening paper of February 23, 2004
  2. The history of the card catalog (PDF; 7.2 MB); Diploma thesis in the library and media management course at the Stuttgart University of Applied Sciences
  3. Traité théorique et pratique sur la culture de la vigne ... ( Memento of the original from April 22, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / vieuxlivres.blogsome.com