Franz Jakob Kreuter
Franz Jakob Kreuter (born January 10, 1813 in Lohr ; † November 10, 1889 in Vienna ) was a German architect and civil engineer .
Life
Kreuter attended the old grammar school in Munich , which he left with the Abitur in 1830. In 1835 Kreuter finished his university studies in Aschaffenburg and at the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich as well as at the Polytechnic School in Munich and the Bauakademie through the two state exams for road, bridge and hydraulic engineering and in 1836 for civil engineering. Several years of practical work under Joseph Daniel Ohlmüller and Friedrich von Gärtner were followed by an initial study trip to France and, in 1839, the first civil engineer in Bavaria to settle in Munich. Kreuter's life's work is largely based on his work as an engineer, technician and chemist. A study trip to Italy and Sicily (1842) produced a rich collection of pen drawings and watercolors which - on the recommendation of Friedrich August Stüler - King Friedrich Wilhelm IV of Prussia acquired.
plant
In the following years Kreuter built the Lindenhof Villa near Lindau , Wilhelm von Kaulbach's house in Munich, the stately palace for Count Schönborn in Munich (Ottostraße 9; demolished) and the Palais of Count Dürckheim , the latter both of which are among the best was built in Munich at the time; In addition, there were renovations in the mortgage and exchange bank (demolished), the Palais Tascher on Promenadeplatz and the Palais Eichthal (demolished). The interior was almost always up to him. A short stay in England was mainly devoted to the study of bridge construction; a subsequent three-year-old in Austria and Hungary followed an order for extensive railway project planning. A major institution designed on behalf of the Austrian government to improve the life of the working class was not carried out because of the October Revolution in Vienna. Returning to Munich in 1849, he built the villa on Roseninsel in Lake Starnberg for King Maximilian II , who had already become aware of Kreuter as Crown Prince , and began the restoration of François de Cuvilliés the Elder's residence theater, which had fallen into disrepair . Ä. and in 1851 built the winter garden of the Munich Residenz , a daring glass construction at the time that was finally destroyed in the Second World War. In 1851 he settled in Vienna, where he was mainly occupied with major technical tasks for the state administration, companies and private clients until the end of his life, such as the planning of the Serbian railway network. For Georg Simon von Sina he redesigned the Palais Sina there in collaboration with Theophil von Hansen and renovated the dilapidated Palazzo Grassi in Venice. In 1875 he built the Palais of Prince Windischgrätz in Vienna, Strohgasse 21, towards the end of the 1870s a house for Count Otto von Bray-Steinburg , Traungasse 4. Around 1879 he designed a villa for King Ludwig II of Bavaria near Sirmione on Lake Garda , which was not carried out.
It is thanks to Kreuter that, since 1842, architects have been able to submit plans without a certificate from a master mason or carpenter.
literature
- Christoph Hölz: The civil engineer Franz Jakob Kreuter. Tradition and Modernity (1813–1889). Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 2003, ISBN 3-422-06425-7 .
Web links
- Franz Jakob Kreuter in the architectural dictionary of the Vienna Architecture Center
Individual evidence
- ^ Max Leitschuh: The matriculations of the upper classes of the Wilhelmsgymnasium in Munich. 4 volumes, Munich 1970–1976, volume 3, p. 285.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Kreuter, Franz Jakob |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German architect and civil engineer |
| DATE OF BIRTH | January 10, 1813 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Lohr am Main |
| DATE OF DEATH | November 10, 1889 |
| Place of death | Vienna |