Franz Leschnitzer

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Franz Leschnitzer (born February 12, 1905 in Posen , † May 16, 1967 in East Berlin ) was a German publicist, journalist, poet and pacifist.

Life

Franz Leschnitzer was the son of the pharmacist Oscar Leschnitzer and Natalie, geb. Fuchs, and the younger brother of the German studies specialist Adolf Leschnitzer . Between 1924 and 1930 he studied law, economics and philosophy at Berlin University . From 1922 he was a member of the German Peace Society , from 1927 of the Red Student Group and from 1931 of the KPD .

From 1924 Leschnitzer worked for communist newspapers, from 1925 to 1928 at the Weltbühne , where he wrote 39 articles. He was a founding member of the group of Revolutionary Pacifists and of the League of Proletarian Revolutionary Writers founded in 1928 . In 1932/33 he was secretary of the "German Combat Committee against War and Fascism".

After the handover of power to the National Socialists in 1933, he emigrated via Austria and Czechoslovakia to the Soviet Union , on November 4, 1939 he was expatriated in Germany. In the Stalinist Soviet Union, he wrote for the magazines Internationale Literatur and Das Wort . After 1941 he did propaganda work among the German prisoners of war in the Soviet Union.

Only in 1959 did he return to Germany in the GDR . He became a member of the SED and the GDR writers' association. In October 1963 he resigned from the party. With the dissertation of Goethe's "Faust" and Soviet literature , he received his doctorate in 1964 at the University of Rostock .

family

Leschnitzer's first wife was Hildegard Samson (1904–1974), the daughter of a Jewish photographer. She was a shorthand typist, including at the Weltbühne . During the Stalin Purges , Leschnitzer entered into a marriage of convenience with Josephine Stapenhorst, the wife of the arrested doctor Adolf Boss .

Works (selection)

  • Literary reader for the fourth grade of middle school . State Publishing House for Textbooks and Education, Moscow 1935. Table of contents
  • Literary history reading book for the 6th grade. Approved by the People's Commissar for Education of the USSR . 3rd edition. State Publishing House of the National Minorities of the USSR, Kiev, Charkow 1936. Table of contents
  • Georg Weerth . Poems . Deutscher Staatsverlag, Engels 1936. Table of contents
  • Verses . State Publishing House of the National Minorities of the USSR, Kiev 1939. Table of contents
  • The Leninist . In: The genius of freedom. Seals around Stalin . State Publishing House of the National Minorities of the USSR, Kiev 1939. Table of contents
  • Vladimir Mayakovsky . Selected poems. Translated by Hugo Huppert and Franz Leschnitzer. Meshdunarodnaja Kniga, Moscow 1941. Table of contents
  • Mariėtta S. Šaginjan: On the five-year plan. Sketches . Translated by Franz Leschnitzer. Verlag für Fremdsprachige Literatur, Moscow 1950. Table of contents
  • Marietta Schaginian: Journey through Soviet Armenia . (From the Russian by Franz Leschnitzer). Verlag für Fremdsprachige Literatur, Moscow 1954.
  • Women of the revolution. Portraits of outstanding Bolshevik women . (Franz Leschnitzer transcribed the poems). Dietz Verlag, Berlin 1960.
  • Weeps . A reading book for our time by Franz Leschnitzer with the collaboration of Li Weinert . Volksverlag, Weimar 1961 (= reading books for our time) (9th edition 1983)
  • Goethe's “Faust” and Soviet literature . Rostock 1964. (Phil. F., Diss., 1964)
  • From Börne to Leonhard or Erbübel genetic material? Essays from 30 years on the history of literature . Greifenverlag, Rudolstadt 1966.
  • Anatoly Lunacharsky : The Legacy. Essays, speeches, notes . Verlag der Kunst, Dresden 1965. (= Fundus books 14)
  • Anatoly Lunacharsky: The Revolution and Art - Essays, Speeches, Notes . Selected and translated from Russian by Franz Leschnitzer. Verlag der Kunst, Dresden 1974 (= Fundus books 6)

literature

  • Leschnitzer, Franz . In: Lexicon of socialist German literature. From the beginning until 1945. Monographic-biographical accounts . Verlag Sprache und Literatur, Halle (Saale) 1963, pp. 326–327.
  • Werner Röder; Herbert A. Strauss (Ed.): Biographisches Handbuch der Deutschensprachigen Emigration nach 1933 / International Biographical Dictionary of Central European Emigrés 1933-1945 , Vol II, 2 Munich: Saur 1983 ISBN 3-598-10089-2 , p. 711.
  • Carmen Winter: Red students. For example Franz Leschnitzer . In: Scientific journal of the Humboldt University in Berlin. Social science series . Vol. 38, Berlin 6, 1989, pp. 674-679.
  • Karin Hartewig: Back. The history of the Jewish communists in the GDR . Böhlau, Cologne 2000, ISBN 3-412-02800-2 .
  • Handbook "Who was who in the GDR?", Handbook of the German Communists

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Leschnitzer, Franz
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German publicist, journalist, poet and pacifist
DATE OF BIRTH February 12, 1905
PLACE OF BIRTH Poses
DATE OF DEATH May 16, 1967
Place of death East Berlin