Francis of Bolgár

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Franz von Bolgár (born January 3, 1851 in Mármaros-Sziget , † May 1923 ) was an Austro-Hungarian officer, publicist and politician. He achieved fame as the editor of the book “Rules of the Duel”.

Life

Bolgár was of Hungarian descent and served as first lieutenant in the engineering troops in the Austro-Hungarian army until 1881 . As the editor of the “Wiener Militärzeitung”, he had a dispute with Lieutenant Colonel on the General Staff Hugo von Schlayer, professor at the war school , in 1883 because of a critical article . Schlayer challenged Bolgár for a pistol. The duel took place on May 24, 1883 in the Josefstädter Reiterkaserne in Vienna, where Schlayer was killed by a shot in the head from the weapon of his highly short-sighted opponent. Charged with the crime of single combat, Bolgár was acquitted. Nevertheless, he returned home, where the pistol duel was not prosecuted, because whoever had dueled was considered a man of honor.

In 1887 and 1892 Bolgár was elected to the Hungarian Diet for the Eisenstadt electoral district , where he belonged to the independence party led by Count Albert Aponnyi . In 1901 the Kaiser awarded him the rank of captain in honor, in 1914 that of major and in 1917 that of lieutenant colonel.

Bolgár kept a lasting memory as the editor of the rules of the duel , which was the most widespread code of honor for members of the military and academics in Austria until the publication of Felix Busson's Knightly Protection of Honor . Some Austrian weapons student corporations still recognize Bolgár's code of honor as binding.

Awards

The municipality of Hornstein , located in his constituency, awarded Bolgár honorary citizenship in 1900 for his work in combating the consequences of the phylloxera disaster .

Fonts

  • The rules of the duel. 1st edition. Budapest 1880. (11th edition. 1928; reprint of the 8th edition. 2005 and 2008)

literature

  • Peter Hauser: "The rules of the duel" and "Knightly honor protection". To the dueling manuals by Franz von Bolgár and Felix Busson. In: then and now. Yearbook of the Association for Corporate Student History Research. 54, 2009, ISSN  0420-8870 , pp. 97-116.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ On the duel and its history, see the report A duel with a fatal outcome. in the newspaper Das Vaterland. of May 25, 1883, p. 4.
personal data
SURNAME Bolgár, Franz von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austro-Hungarian officer, publicist and politician
DATE OF BIRTH January 3, 1851
PLACE OF BIRTH Marmaros-Sziget
DATE OF DEATH May 1923