Peace of Zsitvatorok
The Peace of Zsitvatorok (name of the confluence of the Žitava in the Neutra , north of Komorn ) of November 11th, 1606 ended the Long Turkish War between the Habsburg Empire and the Ottoman Empire .
Content and consequences
The peace, which was concluded in a no man's land between the spheres of power of both empires, was preceded by the Peace of Vienna of June 23, 1606 between the rebellious Hungarian estates and the Austrian Archduke. The Voivode of Transylvania , the Reformed Christian Stephan Bocskai , mediated between the two parties.
The treaty changed the position of both empires significantly. For example, a one-off payment of 200,000 guilders to the Ottoman Sultan Ahmed I ended the annual tribute payment of the emperor (at the time of the peace treaty, Rudolf II ) to the High Porte . With this concession, the sultan recognized the emperor as equal for the first time. The peace established the status quo of 1606 as valid. This meant that the Ottomans kept Eger and Nagykanizsa , while the forts north of Buda , which had been conquered by the Habsburgs at the beginning of the war, remained in their possession. The status quo ante of 1593 applied to the other borders. With this peace treaty, the Principality of Transylvania had become de facto independent, but a precise regulation of its position at the Sublime Porte was deliberately left open in the treaty, which would be a heavy burden for its future should turn out.
This peace agreement was to last until the Turkish War of 1663/1664 through repeated extensions . This peace gave both empires their backs to fight other opponents. The Habsburg Empire would soon need all its attention and resources for the struggles of the Thirty Years War , while the Ottoman Empire could now devote itself entirely to fighting the uprisings in the eastern regions of Asia Minor and the wars against Poland and the Persian Empire of the Safavids .
literature
- Gustav Beyerle: "The Compromise at Zsitvatorok", Archivum Ottomanicum , Vol. 6 (1980), pp. 5-53.
- Peter F. Sugar (Ed.): A History of Hungary , Indiana University Press, Bloomington 1990, ISBN 0-253-35578-8 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ See Peter F. Sugar, Péter Hanák and Tibor Frank: A History of Hungary. P. 99, as well as Klaus-Peter Matschke: The Cross and the Crescent. The history of the Turkish wars. Artemis & Winkler, Düsseldorf a. a. 2004, pp. 317-320.