Nagykanizsa
| Nagykanizsa | |||||
|
|||||
| Basic data | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State : | Hungary | ||||
| Region : | Western Transdanubia | ||||
| County : | Zala | ||||
| Small area until December 31, 2012 : | Nagykanizsa | ||||
| District since 1.1.2013 : | Nagykanizsa | ||||
| Coordinates : | 46 ° 27 ′ N , 17 ° 0 ′ E | ||||
| Area : | 148 km² | ||||
| Residents : | 49,850 (Jan. 1, 2011) | ||||
| Population density : | 337 inhabitants per km² | ||||
| Telephone code : | (+36) 93 | ||||
| Postal code : | 8800 | ||||
| KSH kódja: | 30933 | ||||
| Structure and administration (as of 2015) | |||||
| Community type : | city | ||||
| Mayor : | Sándor Dénes (Fidesz-KDNP) | ||||
| Postal address : | Erzsébet tér 7 8800 Nagykanizsa |
||||
| Website : | |||||
| (Source: A Magyar Köztársaság helységnévkönyve 2011. január 1st at Központi statisztikai hivatal ) | |||||
Nagykanizsa [ nɒɟkɒniʒɒ ] (dt. Mainline churches or large-Kanizsa ; formerly. Ung Kanizsa ., Dt Kanischa , kroat. Kaniža , Turkish Kanije ) is a town in Zala county in Hungary . It is located in the center of the district of the same name and, like 22 other Hungarian cities, has county law . Nagykanizsa is about 40 km southwest of Lake Balaton and about 15 km from the Croatian border. It is traversed by the Prinzipal Canal , which connects the Zala with the Mur .
history
The place is first mentioned as Knysa in 1245 . The name is of (west or south) Slavic origin and means "prince" (cf. Serbian knez ).
On October 20, 1600, the city, known as the “key to Germany” because of its strategic importance, was handed over to the Turks after a 40 day siege. As a result, Styria in particular was so directly endangered that in the following year an army headed by Archduke Ferdinand, who later became Emperor Ferdinand II , set out to recapture Kanizsa. However, this failed in mid-November 1601 with heavy losses.
Even within the framework of the negotiations that led to the peace of Zsitvatorok , it was not possible to return Kanijes , as the Turks called the city. Another attempt by the Christian side to regain the city militarily had to be broken off at the beginning of June 1664 in view of the approaching Ottoman army. The defensive victory in the subsequent battle of St. Gotthard – Mogersdorf and the Peace of Eisenburg once again did not change anything in Kanizsa’s ownership.
It was only after the second Turkish siege of Vienna that the Habsburg counter-offensive, which was to ultimately lead to the recovery of the part of Hungary occupied by the Turks, that brought Kanizsa back into Christian possession. On April 13, 1690, the Turkish garrison, completely enclosed and cut off from the food supply, surrendered the city in return for free withdrawal, which was also granted by the Christians.
Twin cities
-
Puchheim ( Germany ) -
Salo ( Finland ) -
Kazanlak ( Bulgaria ) -
Gleisdorf ( Austria ) -
Akko ( Israel ) -
Covasna ( Romania ) -
Čakovec ( Croatia )
sons and daughters of the town
- Dorothea Kanizsai (around 1475 to after 1532), nobleman and benefactress
- Lajos Balázsovits (* 1946), actor
- Hermine Braga-Jaff (1857–1940), opera singer and vocal teacher
- Kornél Dávid (* 1971), basketball player
- Eugenie Erdösy (1860–1886), stage actress and singer
- Ferenc Farkas (1905–2000), composer
- François Fejtő (1909–2008), historian, publicist and author
- András Flumbort (* 1984), chess player
- Géza Herczeg (1888–1954), journalist, ministerial advisor, playwright and film writer (Oscar winner)
- Kanizsay family , noble family from Nagykanizsa, extinct in 1571
- István Kónya (* 1962), lutenist
- Rudolf Pajér , Edler von Mayersberg (1858–1934), Admiral of the Austro-Hungarian Navy
- Kanijeli Siyavuş Pasha , Ottoman Grand Vizier between 1582 and 1593
- Sigmund Romberg (1887–1951), composer
- Johann Schnitzler (1835–1893), physician, father of Arthur Schnitzler
- Györgyi Székely-Marvalics (1924–2002), fencer
- Szabina Tálosi (* 1989), soccer player
- Gyözö Zemplén (1879–1916), physicist
- László Zombory (1883–?), Painter
gallery
literature
- Nagykanizsa , in: Guy Miron (Ed.): The Yad Vashem encyclopedia of the ghettos during the Holocaust . Jerusalem: Yad Vashem, 2009 ISBN 978-965-308-345-5 , p. 512
Web links
- City website (Hungarian, German, English, Croatian)
- Nagy-Kanizsa , in A Pallas nagy lexikona ( Hungarian )
- Aerial views over Nagykanizsa
- Nagykanizsa on Pannonhát tájpark (German)
- Illustration by Lukas Schnitzer from 1665: Illustration of the Vestung Canischa, which the Christians vainly besieged on the 27th of April in 1664 ( digitized version )
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hölzel: Upper School Atlas
- ↑ See Günter Cerwinka: The conquest of the fortress Kanizsa by the Turks in 1600. In: Innerösterreich 1564–1619 (= Joannea 3, Graz 1968), 409–511.
- ↑ a b Compare with Othmar Pickl : The surrender of the fortress (Nagy) Kanisza of the "main fortress of the Ottoman Empire" on April 13, 1690 (for the 300th anniversary of the surrender of the last Turkish garrison in Transdanubia ). In: Kulönteneyomat. Zalai Múzeum 4: 85-93 (1992).