Friedrich Carstanjen

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Arnold Friedrich William Carstanjen (born April 23, 1864 in Duisburg , † December 30, 1925 in Bremen ) was a German art historian and student of the empiricist philosopher Richard Avenarius .

Life

Friedrich Carstanjen studied in Munich and became a member of the Corps Vitruvia there in 1886 . He was born in 1893 with Johann Rudolf Rahn at the University of Zurich with the dissertation Ulrich von Ensingen . A contribution to the history of Gothic in Germany to the Dr. phil. did his doctorate and habilitation in 1896 at the University of Zurich with the writing Development Factors of the Dutch Early Renaissance . Here he worked as a private lecturer from the summer semester of 1896 to the winter semester of 1898/99 .

Carstanjen taught the restoration of the natural concept of the world and at the turn of the 20th century was a well-known exponent of Empirio-Criticism , an early variant of positivism influenced by Avenarius. At times Carstanjen was responsible for the editing of the quarterly journal for scientific philosophy founded by Avenarius , in which he a. a. led a theoretical controversy with Wilhelm Wundt about realism. This epistemological point of view, developed in response to Wundt, by Carstanjen was u. a. sharply criticized by Lenin .

In his introductory work, The Biomechanical Foundation of the New General Epistemology by Richard Avenarius (1894), he attempted to present an aesthetic based on empirical criticism. Carstanjen worked out his biologistic view that an aesthetic based on scientific principles does not have to ask about the 'beautiful', but only about the biological laws of aesthetic behavior. Carstanjen saw the Critique of Pure Experience as a starting point for his new aesthetic approach (he called 'aesthetic functionalism'), which avoided the error of a one-sided normative view of the aesthetic object and instead allowed the functional connection between the object and the individual involved wanted to describe. The Austrian philosopher Oskar Ewald , however, criticized Carstanjen's treatise as a “diluted infusion” of the first volume of Avenarius's Critique of Pure Experience .

Carstanjen's scientific publications include his many articles in the quarterly journal for scientific philosophy as well as articles in Mind and Der Kunstwart .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Philisterverein Vitruvia eV Munich, list of members as of January 1937, no. 141.
  2. cf. Rudolf Eisler : Dictionary of Philosophical Terms , 1904: Experience . Retrieved December 30, 2010.
  3. Friedrich Carstanjen: Der Empiriokritizismus, at the same time a response to W. Wundt's essays: "The naive and critical realism" II u. III. In: Quarterly Journal for Scientific Philosophy 22, 1898.
  4. WI Lenin: Materialism and Empirio-Criticism : Critical Remarks on a Reactionary Philosophy . 19th edition, Dietz Verlag, Berlin 1989, pp. 142, 148-149.
  5. ^ Gerhard Kratzsch: Kunstwart and Dürerbund . Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1969, p. 58.
  6. Ingrid Koszinowski: From the poetry of the work of art: to the reception of art around 1900 using the example of the criticism of painting by the magazine “Kunstwart” . Georg Olms Verlag, Hildesheim 1985, p. 102.
  7. Oskar Ewald: Richard Avenarius as the founder of empirical criticism , Ernst Hofmann, Berlin 1905, p. 160.