Oskar Ewald

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Oskar Ewald (pseudonym: Oskar Ewald Friedländer ; born September 2, 1881 in Burský Svätý Jur , Austria-Hungary ; died September 25, 1940 in Oxford ) was an Austrian philosopher and lecturer.

Live and act

Oskar Friedländer was born in 1881 as the son of the religious historian Moritz Friedländer and Rosalie Grünhut, he had two sisters. His name changed around 1909. In 1919 he married Viola Neumann, sister of the writer Robert Neumann . The childless marriage was divorced in 1927.

Friedländer grew up in Vienna and attended the Franz-Josephs-Gymnasium there . After he began to study law at the University of Vienna , he switched to philosophy. After receiving his doctorate (1903) and habilitation in theoretical philosophy (1909), he taught as a private lecturer at the University of Vienna until 1928. From 1914 to 1917 he was an officer on the Eastern Front and in the War Ministry until the end of the war. From 1926 he also gave lectures outside of Austria.

After the annexation of Austria in 1938 he was interned in the Dachau concentration camp , but was released again in 1939 after the intervention of Alexander von Muralt . He returned to Vienna and then fled to Great Britain, where he died of the consequences of imprisonment.

Oskar Ewald was considered a leading figure among the religious socialists . In 1971, the 11th Viennese district Simmering the Ewald street named after him.

Works

  • Nietzsche's teaching in its basic concepts. The eternal return of the same and the meaning of the superman . Verlag Hofmann, Berlin 1904.
  • Life questions . Hirzel, Leipzig, 1910.
  • The rebirth of the spirit . Hofmann publishing house, Berlin 1920.
  • The awakening. Self-knowledge and shaping the world . Hofmann publishing house, Berlin 1922.
  • The French Enlightenment Philosophy . Reinhard Verlag, Nendeln 1973 (reprint of the Munich edition 1924).
  • The religion of life . Kober Verlag, Basel 1925.
  • Laotse . Georg Müller Verlag, Munich 1928.
  • Kant's critical idealism as the basis of epistemology and ethics . Hofmann publishing house, Berlin 1908.
  • Freethinking and religion. A word of understanding for free spirits and God seekers . Rotapfelverlag, Leipzig 1928.
  • Richard Avenarius as the founder of empirical criticism. An epistemological study of the relationship between value and reality . Hofmann publishing house, Berlin 1905.
  • Reasons and abysses. Preludes to a Philosophy of Life . Verlag Hofmann, Berlin 1909 (2 volumes).

literature

  • Michael Benedikt: Three Generations of Religious Socialism. Oskar Ewald (Friedländer) . In the S. (Ed.): Repressed humanism - delayed enlightenment. Philosophy in Austria from 1400 to today, Vol. 5: In the shadow of totalitarianisms. From philosophical empiricism to critical anthropology. Philosophy in Austria 1920–1951 . WUV, Vienna 2005, pp. 297–304, ISBN 3-85114-916-5 .
  • Ferdinand Ebner, Richard Hörmann, Monika Seekircher: Mühlauer Diary. 23.7. - 28.8. 1920 . Böhlau Verlag, Vienna 2001, p. 158. ISBN 3-205-99345-4 . ( limited preview in Google Book search)
  • Ewald, Oskar. In: Lexicon of German-Jewish Authors . Volume 6: Dore – Fein. Edited by the Bibliographia Judaica archive. Saur, Munich 1998, ISBN 3-598-22686-1 , pp. 441-446.
  • Werner Röder; Herbert A. Strauss (Ed.): International Biographical Dictionary of Central European Emigrés 1933-1945 . Volume 2.1. Munich: Saur, 1983 ISBN 3-598-10089-2 , p. 275

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Ewald, Oskar
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Friedländer, Oskar Ewald (real name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian philosopher
DATE OF BIRTH September 2, 1881
PLACE OF BIRTH Borský Svätý Jur
DATE OF DEATH September 25, 1940
Place of death Oxford