Friedrich Johann Buck

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Friedrich Johann Buck (born November 11, 1722 in Königsberg (Prussia) ; † August 4, 1786 there ) was a German philosopher and mathematician.

Life

Buck's ancestors originally came from Nuremberg, had settled in East Prussia and provided pastors for several generations. His father was the royal Prussian secretary Johann Christoph Buck and his mother was Sophia († August 7, 1737), daughter of the lawyer and councilor of the Königsberg old town Wilhelm Kelch and his wife Sophia Gerwin. After initial training at home, he received a private tutor in 1727 who also taught at the city school in Löbenicht. In 1732 he moved to the Collegium Fridericianum , where he further developed his training in the philosophical sciences. Because of his height, they wanted to make him a soldier in 1737. However, his godfather, the Minister of State and War, Friedrich von Tettau, made sure that he could continue his education and that he could enroll in the registry of the University of Königsberg on June 4th .

Here he completed his studies at the philosophical faculty. He was taught by Martin Knutzen in logic and metaphysics, by Johann Gottfried Teske in physics, by Karl Heinrich Rappolt in natural history, by Konrad Gottlieb Marquardt in astrognosy and by Christian Heinrich Gütther (1696–1755) in history. He also studied theology with Franz Albert Schultz , medicine with Christoph Gottlieb Büttner and law with Jakob Heinrich Kurella (1713–1764), with Reinhold Sommer (* Königsberg; † February 6, 1758), and with Christian Renatus Braun is familiar. After taking part in a number of disputations as a listener, teaching mathematics to two young nobles, he defended the medical disputation Observationem de calculo rarae magnitudinis a virgine per urethram sponte et feliciter on November 2, 1741 under Gottfried Thiesen (1705–1774) excluso .

In the same year 1741, on November 2, the philosophical disputation took place under Martin Knutzen as a respondent on the doctrine of de humanae mentis individua natura, sive immaterialitate. He then wrote his first work, which he published under the title Commentatio mathematico-philosophica de cultura intellectus per studium matheseos rite institutum and was defended on December 21, 1742 under the chairmanship of Martin Knutzen. After he had made the decision in the summer semester of 1743 to acquire the teaching qualification of the philosophical faculty, he was examined by Johann David Kypke on July 18, 1743 as a Magister of Philosophical Sciences and soon afterwards on November 20 with the disputation de Deo gratiosissimo in the faculty of philosophy prescribes. After some time of academic work, he became second inspector of the Königsberg city library on April 21, 1747.

Since he had no prospect of holding a professorship in Königsberg, he decided in 1747 to obtain a doctorate in law. For this project, he turned to the University of Frankfurt (Oder) . Here he became an honorary member of the German Society on January 8, 1748, and submitted his doctoral dissertation Diss. Iurid. de iis, quibus iure Romano non est permissum facere testamentum and was appointed Doctor of Laws on April 6, 1748. After that he also gave a few lectures at the law faculty in Königsberg, but he lost interest and sold his legal book collection. He turned back to the mathematical lectures at the philosophical faculty and applied for the extraordinary professorship in mathematics after the death of Marquardt. However, this and another application did not bring him success. Only a third application on November 24th received a certificate of receipt of the extraordinary professorship from the royal Prussian government in Berlin.

He took this unpaid position on April 12, 1753, for which he published the Disputatio inauguralis algebraica de numeris diametralibus et polygonis . After the death of Johann David Kypke, he became a full professor of logic and metaphysics on December 8, 1758, and for this purpose he held his inaugural disputation logico-metaphysica generaliora quaedam de praejudiciis sensuum et origine animarum irrationalium in duabus sectionibus exhibens on April 5, 1759. In 1770 he made room for Immanuel Kant and switched to the full professorship of mathematics. In 1782 he became the first inspector of the Königsberg city library. In addition, he also participated in the organizational tasks of the Königsberg University. He was dean of the philosophical faculty several times and in the summer semester 1784 rector of the alma mater .

Buck had married Maria Elisabeth, daughter of the head of the Polish church Peter Rinck, on April 18, 1749. The marriage resulted in six children, with two daughters and one son dying young. Of the surviving children, the daughter Sophia Maria Buck, the son Carl Wilhelm Buck and the son Samuel Peter Buck are known.

Works

  • Disputatio philosophica exhibens tentamen Pluralistam convincendi. Königsberg 1744 (March 28th)
  • Philosophical thoughts on the writing of the Holy Scriptures and in particular the Mosaic description of the creation of the first man, along with some comments. Danzig 1745
  • Diss. Iurid. de iis, quibus Jure Romano non est permissum facere testamentum. Frankfurt (Oder) 1747
  • Elementa artis disputandi, mathematica methodo, in usum auditorum. Koenigsberg 1748
  • Attempt a philosophical. Treatise of the first parents of the human race, in which it is shown on the grounds of modern world wisdom: whether and what human reason can probably recognize of the existence and origin of our first parents? Hall 1749
  • Disp. de indole et utilitate Geometriae experimentalis. Koenigsberg 1751
  • Diss. Mathematica exhibens resolutiones problematum quorundam trigonometricorum. Koenigsberg 1751
  • Diss. De numeris diametralibus et polygonis. Koenigsberg 1753
  • Mathematical treatise on the explanation and division of mathematics. Königsberg 1753 (Also in Windheim's philological bibl.)
  • Philosophical consideration of the age of the earth. Koenigsberg 1754
  • Comment. psychol. animas brutorum quidem actu cognoscere, sed non cogitare. Koenigsberg 1754
  • Teleological consideration of smoke and the different types of smoke. Koenigsberg 1755
  • Of the bliss of those who die prematurely. Koenigsberg 1756
  • Comment. de existentia mentis humanae in loco sensuum. Koenigsberg 1757
  • Diss. Mundum aspectabilem finitum molis esse evincens. Koenigsberg 1758
  • Diss. De praeiudiciis sensuum et origine animarum irrationalium. Koenigsberg 1759
  • De accurata potentiarum in vectis duplicis homodromi extremis applicatarum determinatione. Koenigsberg 1760
  • De quemcunque spiritum finitum corpus organicum habere non debere. Koenigsberg 1761
  • Letters of the benefits of math when traveling. 1760
  • Easier resolutions of some difficult trigonometric tasks. Koenigsberg 1761
  • Presentation of some astronomical shadow length tables etc. Königsberg 1764
  • Biographies of the deceased Prussian mathematician in general, and Christian Otter 's in particular. Königsberg 1764 ( online )
  • Consideration of the proportions of the squares which can be erected on the sides of different triangles. Koenigsberg 1766
  • Disputatiunculae philosophicae, privatim habitae. Fasc. I. Koenigsberg 1767
  • Geographical and mathematical treatise of some memorable caves in the earth, and a special way of inventing the depths of them. Koenigsberg 1768
  • Mathematical proof that algebra can be conveniently used to discover some hidden scriptures. Koenigsberg 1772

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Not November 12, according to his own résumé
personal data
SURNAME Buck, Friedrich Johann
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German philosopher and mathematician
DATE OF BIRTH November 11, 1722
PLACE OF BIRTH Königsberg (Prussia)
DATE OF DEATH 4th August 1786
Place of death Königsberg (Prussia)