Franz Albert Schultz

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Franz Albert Schultz (born September 25, 1692 in Neustettin , † May 19, 1763 in Königsberg / East Prussia ) was a German Protestant theologian and general superintendent . As rector of the Collegium Fridericianum he promoted the Prussian school system .

biography

Schultz was the son of a lawyer and mayor. From 1712 he attended the Collegium Groeningianum in Stargard in Pomerania . From 1715 he studied theology with August Hermann Francke and philosophy with Christian Wolff at the University of Halle . He turned to the Halle Pietism . After studying theology, he went to Königsberg as court master in 1718 and taught mathematics and philosophy. After declining a professorship, he became an educator at the Berlin cadet institute in 1723 . In 1724 he was appointed field preacher in Mohrungen / East Prussia. In recognition of his pastoral work, he was appointed "Archpriest" ( Superintendent ) in Rastenburg / East Prussia in 1728 . In 1729 he became provost in Stolp in Western Pomerania . From 1731 he was pastor and consistorial councilor at the Old Town Church in Königsberg and professor of theology at the University of Albertina . For a while he was rector there.

He led by Georg Friedrich Rogall the work of Heinrich Lysius continued at the school, but came as a Pietist with the expansion of the university in confrontation with the upper court preacher Johann Jakob Quandt . The tensions led to a double occupation of the General Inspectorate for Churches, Schools and Poor Affairs in Prussia with him and Quandt.

After he had reformed the training seminars of the theological faculties for Poland and Lithuania and thus modernized the local school system, the Friedrichskollegium (Collegium Fridericianum) in Königsberg, which was transferred to him in 1733, became a model for other higher schools during his rectorate. A pupil of this institution was the highly gifted Immanuel Kant from 1732 until 1740, whose mother eagerly attended Schultz's Bible studies from 1731. Kant also heard his theological lectures when he attended the Albertina from 1740. Another student was Martin Knutzen .

His will to reform succeeded in setting up the first Prussian teachers' seminars for the 2000 rural schools , establishing catechesis in the ordinance on church and schooling in Prussia of April 3, 1734 and, with his leading participation , formulating the Regulativa of 1736. He was an important pacemaker in compulsory schooling.

Under King Friedrich II his influence declined because he was skeptical about pietism.

After the centralization of the church government in Königsberg in 1750, where he was no longer able to exercise any office, he remained chairman of the theological examination commission and oversight of the expansion of the school system through the protection of the newly established Berlin senior consistory . After building another 600 schools, he died in Königsberg in 1763.

literature

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Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Cf. Instruction, in front of the Lutheran Ober = Consistorium, established over all royal lands, de dato Berlin, October 4th. 1750 , printed in: Corpus Constitutionum Marchicarum, Oder Königl. Preussis. and Churfürstl. Brandenburgische in der Chur- and Marck Brandenburg, also incorporated Landen, published and issued regulations, Edicta, Mandata, Rescripta etc .: From the times of Frederick I Elector of Brandenburg, etc. bit under the government of Friderich Wilhelm, King in Prussia, etc. ad annum 1736. inclusive , IV. Continuatio, column 291ff.
personal data
SURNAME Schultz, Franz Albert
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Lutheran theologian
DATE OF BIRTH September 25, 1692
PLACE OF BIRTH Neustettin
DATE OF DEATH May 19, 1763
Place of death Koenigsberg