Frog cod
| Frog cod | ||||||||||||
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Frog cod ( Raniceps raninus ) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name of the family | ||||||||||||
| Ranicipitidae | ||||||||||||
| Bonaparte , 1835 | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
| Raniceps | ||||||||||||
| Oken , 1817 | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the species | ||||||||||||
| Raniceps raninus | ||||||||||||
| ( Linnaeus , 1758) |
The frog cod ( Raniceps raninus ) is a Knochenfischart from the order of Gadiformes (Gadiformes). He lives in the North Sea, in the Kattegat and Skagerrak , around the British Isles , in the English Channel , on the French Atlantic coast and on the coast of southern and central Norway up to Trondheim . In contrast to most other cod-like fish, its economic importance is low.
features
The frog cod reaches a maximum length of 27.5 cm, but usually stays at 20 cm. The elongated body is dark brown or bluish-brown and very slimy. With the exception of the pectoral fins, the outward-facing parts of the fins and the lips are light-colored. The head is frog-like, clearly flattened and broad. It takes up a quarter of the body's length. The lower jaw, provided with a small barb , is shorter than the upper jaw.
The first dorsal fin consists only of three short fin rays , the second is long, as is the anal fin. The dorsal and anal fin are separated from the small caudal fin. The ventral fins, which are located far forward, are long and thread-like. There is no sideline on either the head or the torso.
Way of life
The frog cod lives near the coast on algae, stony soils, especially at depths of 10 to 20 meters, but also down to 100 meters. He is not frequent and lives relatively true to location, hidden as a loner. Frog cod feed on worms, mollusks, small starfish, and small fish such as gobies . The breeding season extends from May to September. The fish spawn at depths of 50 to 70 meters. Young fish look like tadpoles .
Systematics
In older systematics, the family is managed as a subfamily of cod (Gadidae), in more recent systems, however, according to its phylogenetic position as a sister group of unicorn cod ( Bregmacerotidae), eel cod (Muraenolepididae) and cod (Gadidae) as an independent family.
literature
- Bent J. Muus, Jørgen G. Nielsen: The marine fish of Europe in the North Sea, Baltic Sea and Atlantic. Kosmos, Stuttgart 1999, ISBN 3-440-07804-3 .
- Daniel M. Cohen, Tadashi Inada, Tomio Iwamoto: Gadiform fishes of the world, An Annotated and Illustrated Catalog of Cods, Hakes, Grenadiers and other Gadiform Fishes Known to Date. FAO Species Catalog for Fishery Purposes Vol. 10 online
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hiromitsu Endo: Phylogeny of the Order Gadiformes (Teleostei, Paracanthopterygii). Mem Grad Sch Fish Sci Hokkaido Univ. Vol.49, No.2, pages 75-149 (2002) ISSN 1346-3306
- ^ EO Wiley & G. David Johnson: A teleost classification based on monophyletic groups. in Joseph S. Nelson, Hans-Peter Schultze & Mark VH Wilson: Origin and Phylogenetic Interrelationships of Teleosts. 2010, Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, Munich, ISBN 978-3-89937-107-9
Web links
- Frog Cod on Fishbase.org (English)