Fruto Chamorro Pérez

José Fruto Chamorro Pérez (born October 20, 1804 in Guatemala City , † March 12, 1855 near Granada , Nicaragua ) was Supremo Director between April 1, 1853 and April 30, 1854 and between April 30, 1854 and March 12, 1855 President of Nicaragua in the same capacity.

Life

Fruto Chamorro Pérez's mother was Josefa Pérez, his father was Pedro José Chamorro Argüello, Alférez Real , (royal standard bearer) lieutenant , captain of the Spanish militia , monarchist in Guatemala City. As royal treasurer, Pedro José Chamorro Argüello was transferred to Granada to manage a royal cabildo de indios . In 1814 he married Josefa Margarita Alfaro Monterroso and had six children with her. With the proclamation of independence of the Capitanía General de Guatemala on September 15, 1821, Pedro José Chamorro Argüello appropriated a royal latifundium near Granada. He became a co-founder of the Partido Legitimista (PL), the predecessor party of the Partido Conservador , which had its center of power in Granada. Shortly before his death, in 1824, he recognized José Fruto Pérez as his son. The stepmother insisted on using the name Fruto Chamorro Pérez.

After the death of his father, Fruto finished his studies in Guatemala and went to Nicaragua and administered the "family property". His half-siblings Pedro Joaquín, Dionisio, Carmen, Mercedes and Fernando grew up under his tutelage .

Fruto Chamorro Pérez also became a member of the Partido Legitimista . In 1836 he became a member of parliament and from 1839 to 1842 he was a senator. In 1842 an attempt was made to reanimate the Central American Confederation as Representación Nacional de Centroamérica . In 1843 Fruto Chamorro was appointed Jefe Supremo of this body and resided in San Miguel , El Salvador. In 1845 Fruto became Chamorro Prefeto, Military Governor of the Department of Granada and Minister of Finance. In November 1851, under the government of Laureano Pineda , Fruto Chamorro was Commander-in-Chief of the Army. On April 1, 1853, Fruto Chamorro became Supremo Director of Nicaragua.

President in Granada

He had the support of the conservative oligarchy and moved the seat of government from the liberal Leon to the conservative stronghold of Granada. On January 20, 1854, he called a constituent assembly from which the Western Liberal Party was absent due to the move. In March 1854 he changed his title to President, with the approval of his constituent assembly. The liberals saw in these maneuvers, on the one hand, a restoration of the power of the provincial oligarchy, the continuation of a feudal economic system, and, on the other hand, fewer opportunities for an alliance of all reactionary Central American forces. In Leon, the Liberals proclaimed their government under Francisco Castellón Sanabria for Nicaragua in May 1854 , which was recognized by the governments of Honduras and El Salvador. In October 1854, Francisco Castellón Sanabria, of the Democratic Party (Liberal), signed a contract with the US military service provider Byron Cole, which involved the delivery of 200 men, who were led by William Walker in June 1855 . A force under the command of General Máximo Jerez was sent to siege Granada. In preparation for the siege, President Chamorro went to the headquarters of the army, leaving the executive to his deputy, José María Estrada. His defense of Granada was successful and later attacks failed.

Fruto Chamorro was married to Mercedes Avilés. Their son was Pedro Joaquín Chamorro y Alfaro . Fruto Chamorro died of dysentery on March 12, 1855 at his hacienda outside Granada . A few months later, Granada was occupied by mercenaries under William Walker .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ El Nuevo Diario March 16, 2008 Así llegaron los Belli y su unión con los chamorro ( Memento of the original from February 23, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 

predecessor	Office	successor
Juan Nepomuceno Fernández Lindo y Zelaya	Presidents of Central America March 29, 1844–1. December 1844	-
José Laureano Pineda Ugarte	President of Nicaragua April 1, 1853–12. March 1855	José María Estrada