Shamest servant

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G'schamster Diener (today also gschamster ; sometimes kschamster ; formerly rarely kaschamster , especially in Hungary and Slovakia / Moravia) is an Austrian greeting and farewell formula .

etymology

The phrase is called "Your obedient servant " in High German . (Your) most obedient servant was a common signature in the correspondence of the post-revolutionary 18th and 19th centuries (like today's Yours sincerely ) and was used by the socially inferior, for example together with the salutation Highly Born by the commoner versus the noble .

"[...] and I am forever with the: greatest respect: your most obedient servant :: Schütz"

- Christian Gottfried Schütz : Letter to Immanuel Kant , Jena d. Jun 23, 1788

"Your honored: most obedient servant and most sincere admirer :: F. Schiller"

- F. Schiller : Letter to Goethe , Jena, June 13, 1794

Colloquially it becomes "g'horsamster servant", "g'horsamster Deañer" (Upper Austria), sometimes also, especially in the old spelling, "ghorsamster" such as "bit in den tod, ghorsamster underthanigster getrewer diener" ( Philipp Hainhofer on August II . in October 1646).

It is occasionally assumed that there is a connection to Yiddish šam (m) es , which means “synagogue servant , devoted person”, but also “lover, lover”.

use

An early mention in printed form can be found, for example, in 1844. Sometimes the “servant” was also left out, for example at the beginning of the following presumed telephone call from a court president in Krakow shortly after the turn of the century: “To serve, Mr. Higher Regional Court, Your Excellency kashamster, what deign to wish?"

In the course of the 20th century it was used in Viennese as a polite phrase in the hospitality industry, is part of the image of a perfect coffee house - Obers and was made popular again by Hans Moser . Mostly it is used to greet or say goodbye, but can be used in between when the opportunity arises (for example, in the sense of “You wish?”). It was a common farewell greeting among old men in the Weinviertel until the 1950s. Today it is used as a simple form of greeting with a humorous local flavor , for example in the carriage industry .

Derivatives

Derived is a G'schamster , Gschamster an ' admirer , lover , friend', or to put it badly, also a 'salivary'. A little more modern, but sometimes also marked as outdated and without any negative negative meaning is the G'schamsterer , Gschamsterer or Schamsterer .

In old Bavaria and partly also in Tyrol there is the Dschamsterer or Tschamsterer , which also means 'lover, Gspusi , friend', but can also refer to an eager, but not well-liked person. In Saxon there is the shame line as 'lover / bridegroom'.

In the Czech was out of the G'schamster the šamstr what either bit dated, worshiper, lover 'means or, bow'. In German Silesian it is found as Schamster for "beloved, bridegroom". And in the Polish dialect of Teschen it became szamster , which means 'handsome cavalier' ( ładny kawaler ).

See also

swell

  1. ^ Antal Herrmann: Ethnologische Mitteilungen aus Ungarn , Vol. 2–3, Buchdruckerei Thalia, 1891, p. 106
  2. ↑ Jégé, Vladimír Petrík: Výhody spoločenského života , Tatran, 1979, p. 130: Kaschamster, p. 131: Kschamster
  3. ↑ Wolfgang Teuschl: Wiener Dialektlexikon . 1990, ISBN 3-900392-05-6 , page 96.
  4. ↑ Correspondence 1788 . In: The Bonner Kant corpus - I. Kant, AA X: Correspondence Volume I. 1747–1788 . IKP, University of Bonn, p. 543. ( online )
  5. ^ In: Correspondence between Schiller and Goethe . Diderichs, 1905. Hanser, 2005, ISBN 978-3-446-20625-0 .
  6. ^ Johann Nestroy: Nur Ruhe (1843) 1st act
  7. ^ Karl Anton Kaltenbrunner: Oesterreichische Feldlerchen: songs and chants in Obderennsischer dialect (" Ob der Enns "), v. Ebner, 1857, p. 85: "In der Stadt" ( online in the Google book search)
  8. ^ Joachim Lüdtke: The Lute Books by Philipp Hainhofers (1578-1647) , Vandenboeck & Ruprecht, 1999, ISBN 3-525-27904-3 , p. 70
  9. ↑ a b szamster ( Memento of the original from May 24, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , in: Thomas Menzel, Gerd Hentschel, with Pavel Jančák and Jan Balhar (authors), Rainer Grübel Gerd Hentschel (eds.): Dictionary of German loanwords in the Teschen dialect of Polish ( Memento of the original from October 18, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , 2nd, supplemented and corrected electronic edition 2005 of Studia Slavica Oldenburgensia, Volume 10, Oldenburg 2003  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bkge.de  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bkge.de
  10. ^ Wiener Slavistisches Jahrbuch , Volume 49, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2004, ISBN 3-7001-3307-3 , p. 280
  11. ^ Portfolio of an Austrian , Volume 1, Philipp Reclam jun., Leipzig 1844, p. 4 ( online in the Google book search)
  12. ↑ Hermann Broch (1886–1951): Dramen , Suhrkamp, ​​1979, pp. 334, 350, 357: "Gschamster, Herr Chef", "Gschamster, Herr Wessely"
  13. ↑ Interpellation by the MP Ernst Breiter and comrades to the Minister for National Defense and the Interior and to the Head of the Ministry of Justice regarding the Matejko -Windischgraetz affair , February 14, 1906, in: Stenographic minutes of the meetings of the Reichsrat, House of Representatives , 1906, P. 34193 ( online with Alex)
  14. ↑ Jakob Eber: How do you say in Austria? , 2nd edition, Bibliographisches Institut, 1980, ISBN 3-411-01794-5 , p. 79 (Kellner, Farewell)
  15. ^ Walter Deutsch, Anton Hofer: Volksmusik in Niederösterreich: Sprüche, Spiele and Lieder der Kinder , Böhlau Verlag Wien, 2004, p. 225 ( limited preview in Google book search)
  16. ↑ Edith Salburg (1868–1942): Double wedding: Roman , Ullstein, 1918, p. 89
    Richard Billinger (1890–1965): Romane , Volume 1, Stiasny, 1955, p. 224
    Kurt Weill (1900–1950, author), Lotte Lenya (1898–1981, author), Lys Symonette (translator), Kim H. Kowalke (translator): Speak softly when you say love: the correspondence Kurt Weill / Lotte Lenya , Kiepenheuer & Witsch, 1998, ISBN 3- 462-02748-4 , pp. 253, 446, 449, Explanation of words: p. 515
  17. ↑ Peter Wehle: Do you speak Viennese? , Ueberreuter, 1980, ISBN 3-8000-3165-5 , p. 148: Gschamsterer
    Herbert Fussy : Auf gut Österreichisch , öbv & hpt, 2003, ISBN 3-209-04348-5 , p. 52 Gschamsterer, marking: outdated
    Trude Marzik (* 1923): Zimmer, Kuchl, Kabinett: Leben in Wien , Zsolnay, 1976, ISBN 3-552-02828-5 , p. 158: Gschamsterer
    Ludwig Roman Fleischer (* 1952): From school, or, Europaanstalt Mayerlingplatz : Roman , Sisyphus, 1999, ISBN 3-901960-00-7 , p. 81: Gschamsterer
    Claudia Erdheim (* 1945): Long since no longer kosher , 2nd edition, Czernin, 2006, ISBN 3-7076-0208-7 , P. 290: G'schamsterer
    Erich Lifka (* 1924): The PD: How Austria triggered the Third World War , Rundblick-Verlag, 1988, ISBN 3-900809-00-3 , P. 65: Schamsterer
  18. ↑ What does the word "Damsterer" mean?  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , from the series "Host mi?", Bayerischer Rundfunk, November 27, 2009 Peter Gauweiler: The dialect is dying out! , Süddeutsche Zeitung Magazin, issue 24/2008 Wolfgang Fritz (* 1947 in Innsbruck): Cases of doubt for advanced learners , S. Fischer, 1981, ISBN 3-596-22318-0 , p. 85 Tyrolean comment on " Haberer " in: Gregor Retti : Database on the German language in Austria. 1998-2009@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.br-online.de  


  19. ↑ Gunter Bergmann: Small Saxon Dictionary , CH Beck, 1987, ISBN 3-406-31407-4
    Sylvia Koch: Dialect words Q – Z