FY 1132b

Database links to FY 1132b

Exoplanet GJ 1132b

Size comparison of GJ 1132b with the earth
Constellation	Sails of the ship
Position equinox : J2000.0
Right ascension	10h 14m 51.846s
declination	−47 ° 09 ′ 24.47 ″
Orbit data
Central star	1132
Major semi-axis	0.01533 ± 0.00053 AU
eccentricity	0
Period of circulation	1.628930 ± 0.000031 d
Further data
radius	1.43 ± 0.16 R _♁
Dimensions	1.63 ± 0.54 M _♁
distance	12.04 ± 0.24 pc
history
discovery	Berta-Thompson et al.
Date of discovery	2015
More information
Density estimated at g / cm ³ ${\ displaystyle 3 {,} 1 _ {- 1 {,} 2} ^ {+ 1 {,} 7}}$

GJ 1132b is an exoplanet orbiting the red dwarf star Gliese 1132 in the constellation Segel in the southern sky , about 39 light years from the Sun. It is the first Earth-like planet next to Earth where an atmosphere could be detected.

discovery

The planet was discovered by a team of astronomers led by Zachory Berta-Thompson from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and its discovery was published in November 2015. The discovery was made using the transit method based on observations made with the telescopes of the MEarth South Array at the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory . At the time of discovery, GJ 1132b was the closest known exoplanet to the Sun, about the size of the Earth. The planet HD 219134 b , which is almost 21 light years away and was also discovered in 2015, is significantly closer to the Sun and has a larger diameter and a larger minimum mass than GJ 1132b.

properties

GJ 1132b orbits its central star Gliese 1132 in just over a day and a half. Its mean distance to the star is only about 3.3 million km. In comparison, Mercury approaches the Sun up to 46 million km. Due to the extreme proximity of GJ 1132b to its star, it receives around 19 times as much radiation as the earth from the sun, although Gliese 1132 has only 0.4% of the solar luminosity .

The planet has approximately 1.4 times the radius of the earth , while its minimum mass was estimated to be around 1.6 earth masses according to radial velocity measurements with the Échelle spectrograph HARPS of the European Southern Observatory (ESO) . GJ 1132b can thus be classified as a rocky planet . However, it is far too close to its star for conditions that are still conducive to living there. According to model calculations, the temperature on GJ 1132b is between 410 and 580 Kelvin or between 136 and 306 ° C , and according to more recent results even 644 ± 38 K. It should therefore be more similar to Venus .

Since GJ 1132 passes in front of its star as seen from Earth, and because of its relative proximity, the planet is suitable for further research. In this way, the spectrum of the planet could be examined and conclusions drawn about the existence of an atmosphere and its chemical composition. The astrophysicist Drake Deming even called it "the most important planet that was ever discovered outside of our solar system" ( arguably the most important planet ever found outside the solar system ).

GJ 1132b is the first Earth-like exoplanet in which an atmosphere could be detected. For this purpose, a total of nine passages of the planet in front of its star were examined with the MPG / ESO 2.2 m telescope in four bands in the range of visible light and in three bands in the near-infrared range . In the z-band of the infrared range there was an apparently increased radius of the planet. It is caused by the absorption of light in the atmosphere and is due to water vapor , methane, or some other unknown source.

Web links

Stars and space from November 11th, 2015: The rocky planet closest to us. Retrieved December 6, 2015 .
Zeit Online from November 11th 2015: Earth-like planet discovered in cosmic neighborhood. Retrieved December 6, 2015 .
astronews.com: Atmosphere around Little Super-Earth April 7, 2017

Individual evidence

↑ SIMBAD: GJ 1132. Retrieved December 6, 2015 .
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f John Southworth, Luigi Mancini, Nikku Madhusudhan, Paul Mollière, Simona Ciceri, Thomas Henning: Detection of the Atmosphere of the 1.6 M _⊕ Exoplanet GJ 1132 b . In: The Astronomical Journal . tape 153 , no. 4 , March 31, 2017, doi : 10.3847 / 1538-3881 / aa6477 .
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Zachory K. Berta-Thompson et al .: A rocky planet transiting a nearby low-mass star . November 2015, arxiv : 1511.03550 .
↑ ^a ^b ^c NASA Exoplanet Archive: GJ 1132 b. Retrieved December 6, 2015 .
↑ ^a ^b Scientific American of November 12, 2015: Closest Earth-Size Exoplanet Found May Be a Venus Twin. Retrieved December 6, 2015 .
↑ ^a ^b ^c Stars and Space from November 11, 2015: The rocky planet closest to us. Retrieved December 6, 2015 .

[1] SIMBAD: GJ 1132. Retrieved December 6, 2015 .

[:0-2] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f John Southworth, Luigi Mancini, Nikku Madhusudhan, Paul Mollière, Simona Ciceri, Thomas Henning: Detection of the Atmosphere of the 1.6 M _⊕ Exoplanet GJ 1132 b . In: The Astronomical Journal . tape 153 , no. 4 , March 31, 2017, doi : 10.3847 / 1538-3881 / aa6477 .

[Berta-Thompson-3] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Zachory K. Berta-Thompson et al .: A rocky planet transiting a nearby low-mass star . November 2015, arxiv : 1511.03550 .

[NASA-4] NASA Exoplanet Archive: GJ 1132 b. Retrieved December 6, 2015 .

[SciAm-5] Scientific American of November 12, 2015: Closest Earth-Size Exoplanet Found May Be a Venus Twin. Retrieved December 6, 2015 .

[SuW-6] Stars and Space from November 11, 2015: The rocky planet closest to us. Retrieved December 6, 2015 .