Gabriele Kröcher-Tiedemann

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Gabriele Kröcher-Tiedemann (born May 18, 1951 in Ziegendorf in Mecklenburg ; † October 7, 1995 ) was a German terrorist from the West Berlin hash rebels . In 1972 she was a founding member of the June 2nd Movement in Berlin . After her stay in South Yemen following the Lorenz kidnapping, she is said to have had contacts with the Red Army Faction (RAF). She is often counted among the "second generation" of the RAF.

Life

Gabriele Tiedemann spent her early childhood in the GDR . Her father had been sentenced to prison for "anti-communism"; The family then settled in the early 1960s by the prisoner ransom in the Federal Republic over. After graduating from Bavink -Gymnasium in Bielefeld , today Waldhof-Gymnasium, she began studying politics and sociology at the University of Bochum , but soon switched to the Free University of Berlin . There she was close to life in the commune and worked in various left-wing radical groups, including with Peter Paul Zahl . It was there that she met Norbert Kröcher , a key member of the Central Council of Roaming Hash Rebels , whom she married. Norbert Kröcher was arrested in 1977 while preparing for a kidnapping by the RAF in Sweden and later convicted as a terrorist in the Federal Republic of Germany.

She presumably belonged initially to the Red Ruhr Army . From 1971/1972 Kröcher-Tiedemann lived underground and was probably involved in various bank robberies. Together with Ralf Reinders , Ina Siepmann and her husband, she founded the terror organization Movement June 2nd in Berlin in 1972 . In 1973 she shot a police officer in Bochum while trying to evade arrest, was arrested and sentenced to eight years in prison for attempted murder.

When the Berlin CDU chairman Peter Lorenz was kidnapped by members of the June 2nd movement on February 27, 1975, she and other prisoners from the West Berlin terrorist community, Verena Becker , Ingrid Siepmann , Rolf Heissler and Rolf Pohle , were released exchanged and flown to South Yemen on March 3, 1975 accompanied by Heinrich Albertz . Thereupon Peter Lorenz was released by the terrorists.

Kröcher-Tiedemann is accused of participating in the OPEC hostage-taking in Vienna on December 21, 1975, together with Hans-Joachim Klein and Ilich Ramírez Sánchez , code name Carlos . During the hostage taking, her pseudonym is said to have been Nada . According to witness statements, she shot police officer Anton Tichler and Iraqi OPEC employee Alaa Hassan Khafali . However, there was no conviction.

On December 20, 1977, after an exchange of fire in Fahy on the French border , Kröcher-Tiedemann was arrested by Swiss border guards together with Christian Möller ; two officers were seriously injured by gunfire. During the arrest, the police secured part of the ransom from the kidnapping of the Austrian industrialist Walter Michael Palmer . Since there were no high-security prisons for women in Switzerland at that time, the canton of Bern built a special wing in the Hindelbank institution especially for Kröcher-Tiedemann. In 1986 she planned to marry the journalist and author Jan Morgenthaler from Zurich, which, according to the legal situation at the time, would automatically have given her Swiss citizenship and would have made her planned deportation to Germany impossible. The Zurich city council prevented the marriage, among other things, with the argument of city lawyers that since a partnership and thus a marriage is not possible in prison, it is a mere sham marriage . After serving two-thirds of a fifteen-year prison sentence, she was extradited to Germany in December 1987, where she had to serve the remainder of her sentence, which had been suspended in 1975 when she was released.

In 1990 she went to court in Cologne , but was acquitted of the murder charge on May 22 for lack of evidence . The inadequate securing of evidence at the scene of the crime in Vienna did not reveal any evidence against the accused. Although witnesses had recognized the accused as one of the perpetrators on a video film, no recordings of other women had been shown to them, which is why these statements could not be used in court. Furthermore, the Cologne court could not give the witnesses any promises to ensure their safety. In view of the fact that “Carlos” was still at large at the time, the witnesses decided not to testify in Cologne. The person involved in the crime, Hans-Joachim Klein , who claimed Kröcher-Tiedemann's perpetration in his 2000 trial, was still underground at the time. “Carlos”, on the other hand, testified at his trial in Paris in 1997 that Klein shot the Iraqi man. Decisive for the acquittal was probably also the statement of the then Interior Minister Werner Maihofer that, according to intelligence sources , Kröcher-Tiedemann was still in Yemen at the time of the OPEC kidnapping.

In 1991 she was released from custody. Already in custody she renounced terrorism and divorced Norbert Kröcher. In 1992 she developed cancer, had to undergo several operations and died on October 7, 1995 at the age of 44. Your entire legacy from 1975–1995 has been kept since 1996 at the International Institute of Social History in Amsterdam as Gaby Tiedemann Papers .

Film adaptations

In the television documentary Days of Terror from 2005, she was portrayed by Christina Grün. Julia Hummer took on her role in the 2010 French film Carlos - The Jackal .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ IISG : Gaby Tiedemann Papers.
  2. ↑ SWR2 archive radio : April 4, 1977: Terrorists from Sweden.
  3. ↑ Ralf Reinders et al .: The Movement June 2nd, Conversations about hash rebels, the Lorenz kidnapping, prison. Edition ID archive. PDF version
  4. ↑ Roter Morgen No. 1, Dortmund January 5, 1974, p. 7
  5. ↑ Letter with finger. In: DER SPIEGEL 3/1988. January 18, 1988, accessed December 3, 2011 .
  6. ↑ Last address. In: DER SPIEGEL 9/1983. February 28, 1983, accessed May 6, 2013 .
  7. ↑ Two days of fear. (PDF; 243 kB) In: PUBLIC SECURITY 1-2 / 06. Federal Ministry of the Interior, Austria, accessed on December 3, 2011 .
  8. ↑ Terrorism: Last Address. In: Der Spiegel of February 28, 1983, accessed on July 20, 2015
  9. ↑ a b Alex Baur : Discreet farewell to terror. In: Die Weltwoche , issue 40/2008, accessed on July 20, 2015
  10. ^ Rhein-Zeitung Online :. Attack on OPEC meeting.
  11. ^ TAZ, April 10, 1990, p. 4
  12. ↑ International Institute of Social History: Gaby Tiedemann Papers 1975-1995 . (Archive entry)
  13. ↑ Days of Terror , TV documentary for ORF by Christoph Feurstein; Austria, 2005
  14. ↑ Gabriele Kröcher-Tiedemann in the Internet Movie Database (English)
personal data
SURNAME Kröcher-Tiedemann, Gabriele
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Tiedemann, Gabriele; Nada (pseudonym)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German terrorist
DATE OF BIRTH May 18, 1951
PLACE OF BIRTH Goat village
DATE OF DEATH October 7, 1995