Passage grave from Myrebjerg

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Scheme of passage grave (cross-section) 1 = support stone, 2 = cap stone, 3 = mound, 4 = seal, 5 = wedge stones, 6 = access, 7 = threshold stone. 8 = floor slabs, 9 = sub-floor depots, 10 = intermediate masonry 11 = curb stones
Passage grave of Myrebjerg
Hill of the passage grave of Myrebjerg

The passage grave from Myrebjerg (also called Magleby Nor 2), excavated in 1877, is located east of Bagenkop on the Danish island of Langeland . The large stone grave was created in the Neolithic between 3500 and 2800 BC. BC as a megalithic system of the funnel beaker culture (TBK). The passage grave ( Danish: Jættestue ) is a form of Neolithic megalithic systems, which consists of a chamber and a structurally separated, lateral passage. This form is primarily found in Denmark, Germany and Scandinavia, as well as occasionally in France and the Netherlands. Neolithic monuments are an expression of the culture and ideology of Neolithic societies. Their origin and function are considered to be the hallmarks of social development.

description

The passage grave is located in a north-south oriented, rectangular mound that measures only 20 × 7 m. 43 of the curbs are still preserved. All are rather small, as is typical for hills of this type on Langeland and Lolland . The chamber is oval and measures about four by two meters. It is formed by eleven smaller, megalithic bearing stones, between which intermediate masonry can be seen. All capstones are missing. The remainder of the access on the east side of the hill is about three meters long and consists of two bearing stones, as well as frame and threshold stones, but without cap stones.

In 1877 the large stone grave was excavated. At the top there was an urn grave from the Bronze Age as well as flint daggers and arrowheads from the Dagger Age, as well as axes, bones, amber beads and shards of clay vessels from the Neolithic Age . In 1950, Langeland's Museum examined the hill and the surrounding area. Thereby shards of clay pots from the hill-building era came to light. In addition, some interesting construction details became apparent. So it was discovered that the hill is built on an artificial elevation made of clay and stone paving. Rectangular burial mounds with small curbs only occur in southern Denmark and are interpreted as an influence from the North German Plain . A round hill with large curbs belongs to the typical Danish passage grave , which is represented by the neighboring Hulbjerg .

See also

literature

  • Jens Bech: Monuments on Langeland (= Tryk from Langelands Museum. Vol. 4, ZDB -ID 2370563-2 ). 2nd edition. Langelands Centraltrykkeri, Rudkøbing 1981.
  • Ingrid Falktoft Anderson: Vejviser til Danmarks oldtid . 1994, ISBN 87-89531-10-8 , p. 231

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Johannes Müller : Neolithic Monuments and Neolithic Societies. In: Hans-Jürgen Beier , Erich Claßen, Thomas Doppler, Britta Ramminger (eds.): Varia neolithica VI. Neolithic Monuments and Neolithic Societies. Contributions from the meeting of the Neolithic Working Group during the annual meeting of the North-West German Association for Ancient Research in Schleswig, 9. – 10. October 2007 (= contributions to the prehistory and early history of Central Europe. Vol. 56). Beier & Beran, Langenweißbach 2009, ISBN 978-3-941171-28-2 , pp. 7-16, here p. 15.

Web links

Coordinates: 54 ° 45 ′ 51.7 "  N , 10 ° 40 ′ 42.9"  E