Garrison Army China

Garrison Army China
Barracks of the garrison army in Tientsin (now Tianjin), around 1905
active	June 1, 1901 to August 26, 1937
Country	Japanese Empire
Armed forces	Japanese armed forces
Armed forces	Japanese army
Branch of service	infantry
Type	corps
Strength	approx. 40,000
Location	Tianjin
Butcher	Boxer Rebellion Japanese occupation of northeastern China
Supreme command
list of	Commander in chief

The Garrison Army China ( Japanese 支那 駐屯軍 , Shina Chūtongun ) was a major unit of the Imperial Japanese Army from 1901 to 1937 , which was set up for the invasion and occupation of northeastern China. Originally set up as a garrison army of the Chinese Empire ( 清 国 駐屯軍 , Shinkoku chūtongun ), in 1901 it was part of the united eight states that were set up to suppress the Boxer Rebellion .

history

In 1900 the Boxer Rebellion broke out. Six European countries, the USA and the Japanese Empire sent troops to free their envoys from Beijing. The 5th Division provided the main contingent of the Japanese armed forces and was the first garrison unit for the areas assigned to Japan after the end of the fighting and was therefore renamed the Garrison Army Imperial China . The headquarters were in Tientsin , while other units were stationed in Beijing. After the Xinhai Revolution , the Republic of China came into being , prompting the Daihon'ei (Japanese Headquarters) to rename the army the Garrison Army of China .

At the beginning of the Second Sino-Japanese War in July 1937, only the garrison army of China was within the potential combat area. By November 1937, the Japanese troop contingent in China increased and was reclassified into three attack groups, the 1st , 2nd Army and the Northern China Regional Army . In the course of the reclassification, the China Garrison Army was disbanded in August 1937.

Army command

Commander in chief

	Surname	From	To
1.	Lieutenant General Ōshima Hisanao	June 1, 1901	4th July 1901
2.	Lieutenant General Yamane Takesuke	4th July 1901	October 25, 1901
3.	General Akiyama Yoshifuru	October 25, 1901	April 2, 1903
4th	Lieutenant General Senba Taro	April 2, 1903	June 25, 1905
5.	General Kamio Mitsuomi	June 25, 1905	November 27, 1906
6th	Lieutenant General Nakamura Aizō	November 27, 1906	November 21, 1908
7th	Lieutenant General Abe Sadajirō	April 2, 1903	April 24, 1912
8th.	Lieutenant General Satō Kōjirō	April 24, 1912	August 8, 1914
9.	General Nara Takeji	August 8, 1914	July 5, 1915
10.	Lieutenant General Saitō Suejirō	July 5, 1915	May 2, 1916
11.	Lieutenant General Ishimitsu Maomi	May 2, 1916	June 10, 1918
12.	General Kanaya Hanzo	June 10, 1918	July 25, 1919
13.	Major General Minami Jirō	July 25, 1919	January 20, 1921
14th	Lieutenant General Suzuki Hajime	January 20, 1921	August 6, 1923
15th	Lieutenant General Yoshioka Kensaku	August 6, 1923	May 1, 1925
16.	Lieutenant General Koizumi Rokuichi	May 1, 1925	March 2, 1926
17th	Lieutenant General Takada Toyoki	March 2, 1926	July 26, 1927
18th	Lieutenant General Arai Kametaro	July 26, 1927	March 16, 1929
19th	General Ueda Kenkichi	March 16, 1929	December 22, 1930
20th	Lieutenant General Kashii Kōhei	December 22, 1930	February 29, 1932
21st	General Nakamura Kōtarō	February 29, 1932	March 5, 1934
22nd	General Umezu Yoshijirō	March 5, 1934	August 1, 1935
23.	General Tada Hayao	August 1, 1935	May 1, 1936
24.	Lieutenant General Tashiro Kan'ichirō	May 1, 1936	July 12, 1937
25th	Lieutenant General Katsuki Kiyoshi	July 12, 1937	August 26, 1937

chief of staff

	Surname	From	To
1.	Major General Matsumoto Kenji	August 10, 1928	August 1, 1931
2.	Major General Takeuchi Toshijirō	August 1, 1931	January 9, 1932
3.	Major General Kikuchi Mon'ya	January 9, 1932	August 1, 1934
4th	General Sakai Takashi	August 1, 1934	December 2, 1935
5.	Major General Nagami Toshinori	December 2, 1935	August 1, 1936
6th	Major Hashimoto Gun	August 1, 1936	August 26, 1937

Subordinate units

1901

• 5th division

1937

• 5th division
• 6th division
• 10th division
• 20th division

literature

• Victor Madej: Japanese Armed Forces Order of Battle, 1937-1945. Game Publishing, 1981, OCLC 833591372 , OCLC 833591376 .
• Philip Jowett: "The Japanese Army 1931-45 (1)" Osprey Publishing, 2002, ISBN 978-1-84176-353-8
• Gordon Rottman, "Japanese Army in World War II (The South Pacific and New Guinea, 1942-43)," Osprey Publishing, ISBN 978-1-84176-870-0
• Leonard Humphreys: The Way of the Heavenly Sword: The Japanese Army in the 1920's , Stanford University Press,
• Philip Jowett: China and Japan at War 1937–1945 , Pen and Sword, 2016, ISBN 978-1-4738-2752-3

Web links

• Japanese Occupation of Vichy French Indochina - 1940-1941. combinedfleet.com, accessed April 28, 2015 . 
• China and Japan at War 1937-1945. GoogleBooks, accessed February 5, 2017 . 
• China's Wars: Rousing the Dragon 1894-1949. GoogleBooks, accessed February 5, 2017 . 

Individual evidence

1. ^ Jowett, "The Japanese Army 1931-45 (1)", p. 6
2. ↑ Humphreys, p. 24
3. ↑ Jowett, China and Japan at War 1937–1945 , p. 34

Japanese name: As is common in Japan, the family name comes before the first name in this article . Thus Nishimura is the family name, Takuma the first name.