Counter-writer

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In the Middle Ages and early modern times , the counter-writer was a mountain official who kept the counter-book as a controller . This book served the mines as a deed book in which the taxes and ownership were documented. Counter-writers have existed in mining in the Erzgebirge since 1509. In 1530, Duke Georg the Bearded of Saxony introduced counter-writers in the Freiberg Oberbergamt. The arithmetic master Adam Ries , for example, was a counter-writer in the Annaberg mining office in 1532 .

Counter-writers were also used in the sovereign administrations, for example in the County of Tyrol . Thus, against writer of the Tyrolean as officials basement office in Bolzano testified in the year 1463rd

Tasks and competencies

The work of the counter-writer at that time was a very responsible activity. He had to enter all Kuxe (guarantee certificates) and trades in the counter book. In addition, he was authorized to distribute the yield and bonuses to the trades and self-wage earners, that is, to offset the profits and losses. So that he handled this task carefully, he could be made liable and punished for damage incurred, as well as for damage caused by the carelessness of his employees. In the event of changes in the ownership of the individual mines, he also had to enter these in the opposite book.

However, he was not allowed to make any entries in the opposite book without the knowledge of the mountain master or the mountain bailiff. On the rental days, he and the mountain clerk accompanied the mountain master and entered the mining trades in the counter-book. All entries were signed by him. He also had to personally sign copies of the counter-book, so-called rifle notes . For these copies he was allowed to charge a fixed fee of one penny, for copying one or more kuxe a fee of a few pennies. However , he was not allowed to charge a fee for retardate (write-offs due to unpaid additional payments).

literature

  • Mining Science Magazine. First part, Walterische Hofbuchhandlung, Dresden 1785
  • Hermann Brassert: Mountain orders of the Prussian country. FC Eisen's Königliche Hof-Buch- und Kunsthandlung, Cologne 1858

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Explanatory dictionary of the technical terms and foreign words that occur in mining in metallurgy and in salt works and technical articulations that occur in salt works. Falkenberg'schen Buchhandlung publishing house, Burgsteinfurt 1869.
  2. ↑ Zeno.org Gegenbuch (last accessed on February 19, 2015).
  3. ↑ Otfried Wagenbreth , Eberhard Wächtler (ed.): The Freiberg mining, technical monuments and history. German publishing house for basic industry, Leipzig 1988, ISBN 3-342-00117-8 , pp. 103, 382.
  4. ↑ Hans Wussing, Menso Folkerts: Adam Ries . 3rd edition, Books on Demand GmbH, Norderstedt 2009, ISBN 978-3-937219-33-2 .
  5. ^ Hannes Obermair : Bozen Süd - Bolzano Nord. Written form and documentary tradition of the city of Bozen up to 1500 . tape 2 . City of Bozen, Bozen 2008, ISBN 978-88-901870-1-8 , p. 131-133, No. 1092 .
  6. ↑ Hans Krähenbühl: Adam Riese and mining . In: Association of Friends of Mining. (Ed.): Miners. Volume 18, No. 67, Davos February 1994, pp. 35–36 Online ( Memento of the original from February 19, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 2.4 MB) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.silberberg-davos.ch
  7. ^ Christian Heinrich Gottlieb Hake: Commentary on mining law. Kommerzienrath JE v. Seidel art and bookstore, Sulzbach 1823.
  8. ^ H. Brassert, H. Achenbach (Ed.): Journal for mining law. Seventh year, with Adolph Marcus, Bonn 1866, pp. 471–476.
  9. ↑ JJ Scotti (Ed.): Collection of laws and ordinances which were passed in the former Electorate of Trier on matters of sovereignty, constitution, administration and administration of justice. First part from the year 1310 to the year 1700, printed by Joseph Wolf, Düsseldorf 1832, pp. 471–476.
  10. ^ Mountain regulations for the Duchy of Nassau from February 18, 1857 . In Heinrich Jacobie, Dillenburg 1857, pp. 418-420.