Geislautern

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Geislautern
Coordinates: 49 ° 14 ′ 4 "  N , 6 ° 50 ′ 2"  E
Height : 190 m
Residents : 3051  (Dec. 31, 2010)
Incorporation : April 1, 1937
Postal code : 66333
Area code : 06898
Geislautern (Saarland)
Geislautern

Location of Geislautern in Saarland

Parish Church of the Assumption in Geislautern

Geislautern is a district of Völklingen in Saarland with around 3000 inhabitants. Geislautern, together with the Geislautern ironworks and the Geislautern mine, was an early and important location for the coal and steel industry in the Saar area.

history

The name belongs to the water body name Lauter ( Lauterbach ) and a settlement name formed from it Lautern. Since the old forms of the name (1280 Luttern , 1296 Geisenlutra , 1316 Geißlutra , 1372 Lutern ) have the stem syllable vowel -ei- and not -î-, the defining word is not set to Old High German gîsan (wallen, boil), but to the genitive Geisen of the Old High German personal name Geiso .

The first documentary mention is in 1280, when the Vogtei von Geislautern, which at that time was still simply called "Luttern", was sold to Heinrich von Folchelingen by the son of the knight Walter von Wolmeringen.

Until well into the 20th century, the inhabitants lived mainly from mining and iron industry as well as from agriculture and forestry.

In 1585, the Count of Nassau-Saarbrücken allowed an ironworks to be built in Geislautern. During the Napoleonic era, the plant advanced to become an important technology center, where new processes for smelting and processing iron were found and tested.

In 1807, at the behest of Napoleon, the Napoleonic Mountain College, the "École pratique impériale des mines de la Sarre", was built to train imperial engineers. Director of the mountain school was u. a. Jean Baptist Duhamel .

The smelter was closed in 1884 due to a lack of profitability. A tinplate factory was also located in the middle of the 19th century.

In 1905, the Hansena brewery, which had its own brewing process, was founded in Geislautern. After the Second World War , however, this could not be continued due to war damage.

In 1906 the foundation stone was laid for the Catholic parish church of the Assumption of Mary , which was consecrated in 1907. The church was only consecrated in 1911 by the Trier bishop Michael Felix Korum as part of a company trip .

Rehbruchweiher, Geislautern

Rehbruchweiher recreational area

The Rehbruchweiher and its surroundings are a popular local recreation area. The pond is elevated above the Lauterbach, which is enclosed here.

Geislauterner steam car

Replica of the Geislautern steam car in the depot of the Nuremberg Transport Museum

In 1819, the Geislautern steam car , the second locomotive in Germany, was rebuilt in Geislautern by the Royal Prussian Iron Foundry in Berlin between 1815 and 1817 according to plans by the locomotive designer John Blenkinsop and transported in individual parts by sea via Amsterdam to the Saar district . The plans were brought to Prussia in 1814 by two employees of the Brandenburg Higher Mining Office after "research" in England.

The attempts to drive the locomotive failed, however, because the thin axles of the steam car could not bear the weight of the cast-iron boiler and bent. The gear wheel attached to one side caused the vehicle to tilt on the track. In addition, the locomotive builders couldn't seal the boiler. After several years of trials, the steam car was parked and scrapped in 1834.

In 2014, a group of local historians from Saarland rebuilt the steam car as a demonstration model on a 1: 1 scale based on the original plans that were preserved. This is in the depot of the Nuremberg Transport Museum .

literature

  • Wolfgang Schöpp: The Geislauterner steam car, local history association Warndt eV

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. Population statistics , City of Völklingen
  2. ^ Ernst Christmann : New contributions to the Saarland place name research . In: Journal for the history of the Saar region , 12th year, Saarbrücken 1962, p. 11–26, on Geislautern p. 24
  3. Geislautern . In: Heinrich August Pierer , Julius Löbe (Hrsg.): Universal Lexicon of the Present and the Past . 4th edition. tape 7 . Altenburg 1859, p. 78 ( zeno.org ).
  4. Source: Description of the vehicle on the model in the Nuremberg Transport Museum, July 1, 2017