Convoy HX 90

The convoy HX 90 was an allied convoy of the HX convoy series to supply Great Britain during World War II . He left Halifax on November 21, 1940 and arrived in Liverpool on December 5 . The Allies lost nine cargo ships with 52,817 GRT to German submarines .

Composition and securing

The convoy HX 90 consisted of 41 cargo ships. On November 21, 1940, they left Halifax ( Lage ) for Liverpool ( Lage ). The convoy's commodore was Rear Admiral VP Alleyne, who had embarked on the Botavon . When sailing, the Canadian destroyer Assiniboine and the corvettes French and Windflower secured the convoy for a day or two. For the actual Atlantic crossing, only the British auxiliary cruiser Laconia was available to protect the convoy. On December 2, a local escort consisting of the British destroyer Viscount , the British corvette Gentian and the British sloop Folkestone replaced the auxiliary cruiser. On December 5th, the British corvette Vanquisher was added. 44.6488625 -63.575319653.44 -3.04

Surname	flag	Measurement in GRT	Whereabouts
Alhama	United Kingdom United Kingdom	1,352
Appalachee	United Kingdom United Kingdom	8,826	sunk by U 101 on December 2nd ( Lage ) 54.5 -20
Appledore	United Kingdom United Kingdom	5,218
Arosa	Norway Norway	5,043
Botavon	United Kingdom United Kingdom	5,848
British Prince	United Kingdom United Kingdom	4,879
Conch	United Kingdom United Kingdom	8,376	sunk by U 99 on December 3rd ( Lage ) 55.666667 -19
Corbis	United Kingdom United Kingdom	8,132
Dunsley	United Kingdom United Kingdom	3,862
Empire kite	United Kingdom United Kingdom	7,965
Empire Puma	United Kingdom United Kingdom	7,777
Goodleigh	United Kingdom United Kingdom	5,448	sunk by U 52 on December 2nd ( Lage ) 55.033333 -18.75
Grangepark	United Kingdom United Kingdom	5.132
Hannington	United Kingdom United Kingdom	5,449
Harpefjell	Norway Norway	1,333
Inger	Norway Norway	1,409
jersey	United Kingdom United Kingdom	4,986
Kavak	United Kingdom United Kingdom	2,782	sunk by U 101 on December 2nd ( Lage ) 55 -19.5
Lady Glanely	United Kingdom United Kingdom	5,497	sunk by U 101 on December 2nd ( Lage ) 55 -20
Loch Ranza	United Kingdom United Kingdom	4,958
Magician	United Kingdom United Kingdom	5.105
Modavia	United Kingdom United Kingdom	4,858
Neuralia	United Kingdom United Kingdom	9,182
Penrose	United Kingdom United Kingdom	4,393
Quebec City	United Kingdom United Kingdom	4,745
Rajahstan	United Kingdom United Kingdom	6,391
Rookley	United Kingdom United Kingdom	4,998
Ruin	United Kingdom United Kingdom	10,832
San Alvaro	United Kingdom United Kingdom	7,385
solarium	United Kingdom United Kingdom	6.239
City of Amsterdam	Netherlands Netherlands	3,780
City of Maasluis	Netherlands Netherlands	6,541
Stirlingshire	United Kingdom United Kingdom	6,022	sunk by U 94 on December 2nd ( Lage ) 55.6 -16.366667
Tai Yin	Norway Norway	7,077
Tasso	United Kingdom United Kingdom	1,586	sunk by U 52 on December 2nd ( Lage ) 55.05 -18.066667
Ulysses	Netherlands Netherlands	2,666
Victoria City	United Kingdom United Kingdom	4,739
Ville d'Arlon	Belgium Belgium	7,555	sunk by U 47 on December 2nd ( Lage ) 55 -19.5
W Hendryk	United Kingdom United Kingdom	4,360	sunk on December 3rd by I./KG 40 ( location ) 56.433333 -12.333333
Wilhelmina	Netherlands Netherlands	6,725	sunk by U 94 on December 2nd ( Lage ) 55.716667 -15.1

course

The German submarines U 47 , U 103 and U 43 as weather observation boats and U 52 , U 94 , U 95 , U 101 , U 140 and U 99 operated west of the northern channel in the North Atlantic on December 1, 1940 , as U 101 the convoy sighted. At this point the only security ship, the British auxiliary cruiser Laconia, left the convoy. Since the local escort who was supposed to take over the security was not there yet, the cargo ships had to continue sailing without security. On the night of December 2, the submarines U 47 , U 52 and U 101 attacked . U 101 sank the British tanker Appalachee (7 dead) and the freighters Kajak (bauxite, 25 dead) and Lady Glanely (wheat, wood, 33 dead) and damaged the Loch Ranza with torpedoes . U 47 sank the Belgian freighter Ville d'Arlon (56 dead) and damaged the British tanker Conch , while it damaged the British Dunsley with the 8.8 cm gun. U 52 torpedoed and sank the British Tasso (5 dead) and the Goodleigh (timber, 1 dead). When the local escort arrived early in the morning of December 2, they attacked the Italian submarine Tarantini with depth charges, without success. Meanwhile, U 95 hit the already damaged conch with a torpedo without it sinking. With the rising sunlight the contact with the convoy was lost. Maritime reconnaissance aircraft of the type Blohm & Voss BV 138 of the Coastal Aviation Group 406 and the type Focke-Wulf Fw 200 of the I. Group of the Kampfgeschwader 40 failed to find him. U 94 did not get in touch again until the afternoon of December 2 and sank the British Stirlingshire and the Dutch Wilhelmina (5 dead) in the late evening while the Dutch W. Hendrik was initially only damaged. On the morning of December 3, a Fw 200 of the I./KG 40 bombed and sank the W. Hendryk (steel, timber) while U 99 was still destroying the conch , which was also damaged . The convoy arrived in Liverpool on December 5th. A total of nine ships with 52,817 GRT were sunk.

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b Jürgen Rohwer , Gerhard Hümmelchen : Chronik des Maritime War 1939–1945, December 1940 , accessed on May 8, 2019.
^ Arnold Hague Convoy Database , accessed May 9, 2019.
^ Clay Blair : Der U-Boot-Krieg, Die Jäger 1939–1942, Wilhelm Heine Verlag , Munich 1998, ISBN 3-453-12345-X , pp. 259–261.

Map with all coordinates: OSM | WikiMap

[Rohwer-1] Jürgen Rohwer , Gerhard Hümmelchen : Chronik des Maritime War 1939–1945, December 1940 , accessed on May 8, 2019.

[2] Arnold Hague Convoy Database , accessed May 9, 2019.

[BlairS259-3] Clay Blair : Der U-Boot-Krieg, Die Jäger 1939–1942, Wilhelm Heine Verlag , Munich 1998, ISBN 3-453-12345-X , pp. 259–261.


1939	HX 1 • HXF 1 • HX 2 • HXF 2 • HX 3 • HX 3S • HX 4 • HX 5 • HX 6 • HXF 6 • HX 7 • HXF 7 • HX 8 • HXF 8 • HX 9 • HXF 9 • HX 10 • HXF 10 • HX 11 • HXF 11 • HX 12 • HXF 12 • HX 13 • HXF 13 • HX 14 • HXF 14
1940	HX 15 • HXF 15 • HX 16 • HXF 16 • HX 17 • HXF 17 • HX 18 • HXF 18 • HX 19 • HXF 19 • HX 20 • HXF 20 • HX 21 • HX 22 • HX 23 • HX 24 • HX 25 • HX 26 • HX 27 • HX 28 • HX 29 • HX 30 • HX 31 • HX 32 • HX 33 • HX 34 • HX 35 • HX 36 • HX 37 • HX 38 • HX 39 • HX 40 • HX 41 • HX 42 • HX 43 • HX 44 • HX 45 • HX 46 • HX 47 • HX 48 • HX 49 • HX 50 • HX 51 • HX 52 • HX 53 • HX 54 • HX 55 • HX 56 • HX 57 • HX 58 • HX 59 • HX 60 • HX 61 • HX 62 • HX 63 • HX 64 • HX 65 • HX 66 • HX 67 • HX 68 • HX 69 • HX 70 • HX 71 • HX 72 • HX 73 • HX 74 • HX 75 • HX 76 • HX 77 • HX 78 • HX 79 • HX 80 • HX 81 • HX 82 • HX 83 • HX 84 • HX 85 • HX 85/1 • HX 86 • HX 87 • HX 88 • HX 89 • HX 90 • HX 91 • HX 92 • HX 93 • HX 94 • HX 95 • HX 96 • HX 97 • HX 98 • HX 98/1 • HX 99
1941	HX 100 • HX 101 • HX 102 • HX 103 • HX 104 • HX 105 • HX 106 • HX 107 • HX 108 • HX 109 • HX 110 • HX 111 • HX 112 • HX 113 • HX 114 • HX 115 • HX 116 • HX 117 • HX 118 • HX 119A • HX 119B • HX 120 • HX 121 • HX 122 • HX 123 • HX 124 • HX 125A • HX 125B • HX 126 • HX 127 • HX 128 • HX 129 • HX 130 • HX 131 • HX 132 • HX 133 • HX 134 • HX 135 • HX 136 • HX 137 • HX 138 • HX 139 • HX 140 • HX 141 • HX 142 • HX 143 • HX 144 • HX 145 • HX 146 • HX 147 • HX 148 • HX 149 • HX 150 • HX 151 • HX 152 • HX 153 • HX 154 • HX 155 • HX 156 • HX 157 • HX 158 • HX 159 • HX 160 • HX 161 • HX 162 • HX 163 • HX 164 • HX 165 • HX 166 • HX 167
1942	HX 168 • HX 169 • HX 170 • HX 171 • HX 172 • HX 173 • HX 174 • HX 175 • HX 176 • HX 177 • HX 178 • HX 179 • HX 180 • HX 181 • HX 182 • HX 183 • HX 184 • HX 185 • HX 186 • HX 187 • HX 188 • HX 189 • HX 190 • HX 191 • HX 192 • HX 193 • HX 194 • HX 195 • HX 196 • HX 197 • HX 198 • HX 199 • HX 200 • HX 201 • HX 202 • HX 203 • HX 204 • HX 205 • HX 206 • HX 207 • HX 208 • HX 209 • HX 210 • HX 211 • HX 212 • HX 213 • HX 214 • HX 215 • HX 216 • HX 217 • HX 218 • HX 219 • HX 220 • HX 221
1943	HX 222 • HX 223 • HX 224 • HX 225 • HX 226 • HX 227 • HX 228 • HX 229 • HX 229A ; • HX 230 • HX 231 • HX 232 • HX 233 • HX 234 • HX 235 • HX 236 • HX 237 • HX 238 • HX 239 • HX 240 • HX 241 • HX 242 • HX 243 • HX 244 • HX 245 • HX 246 • HX 247 • HX 248 • HX 249 • HX 250 • HX 251 • HX 252 • HX 253 • HX 254 • HX 255 • HX 256 • HX 257 • HX 258 • HX 259 • HX 260 • HX 261 • HX 262 • HX 263 • HX 264 • HX 265 • HX 266 • HX 267 • HX 268 • HX 269 • HX 270 • HX 271 • HX 272 • HX 273
1944	HX 274 • HX 275 • HX 276 • HX 277 • HX 278 • HX 279 • HX 280 • HX 281 • HX 282 • HX 283 • HX 284 • HX 285 • HX 286 • HX 287 • HX 288 • HX 289 • HX 290 • HX 291 • HX 292 • HX 293 • HX 294 • HX 295 • HX 296 • HX 297 • HX 298 • HX 299 • HX 300 • HX 301 • HX 302 • HX 303 • HX 304 • HX 305 • HX 306 • HX 307 • HX 308 • HX 309 • HX 310 • HX 311 • HX 312 • HX 313 • HX 314 • HX 315 • HX 316 • HX 317 • HX 318 • HX 319 • HX 320 • HX 321 • HX 322 • HX 323 • HX 324 • HX 325 • HX 326 • HX 327 • HX 328 • HX 329
1945	HX 330 • HX 331 • HX 332 • HX 333 • HX 334 • HX 335 • HX 336 • HX 337 • HX 338 • HX 339 • HX 340 • HX 341 • HX 342 • HX 343 • HX 344 • HX 345 • HX 346 • HX 347 • HX 348 • HX 349 • HX 350 • HX 351 • HX 352 • HX 353 • HX 354 • HX 355 • HX 356 • HX 357 • HX 358 • HX 359