Georg Vischer

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Dürer-Vischer comparison, flagellation of Christ

Georg Vischer (* before 1595 in Riedlingen , † after 1637 in Munich ) was a court painter to Maximilian I in Munich.

With his copies and contemporary interpretations of Dürer's works , he belongs (along with Hans Hoffmann and others) to the group that art historians today summarize under the term “Dürer's Renaissance” and that manifested itself in the period from around 1575 to 1650.

Life

His vita is difficult to grasp in literature, especially since he is often confused with the painter Johann Georg Vischer (* 1580; † 1643) from Augsburg at the same time .

The first documented work by Vischer is a dated drawing from 1613 after Bartholomäus Spranger, which he made in Munich as a student. He got his championship title in Munich in 1621.

In any case, his position as court painter to Duke Maximilian I of Bavaria is also secured with 1621. Maximilian I was a well-known collector and admirer of Dürer and tried with great success to expand his collection through copies or by exchanging copies for the originals. The extensive holdings of Dürer's works in the Alte Pinakothek today can be traced back to this activity. Vischer helped produce the desired works and was the only court painter to have access to the many originals, which explains his extraordinary ability as a copyist and reinterpreter of Dürer, among other things. Some of his works are so excellent that they were considered originals for a long time and it is also assumed that works that are still attributed to Dürer today come from him.

In his abilities he can be compared to the Dürer copyist Hans Hoffmann, who worked in Nuremberg and Prague a generation before. But Vischer often goes further and creates oil paintings that were previously only known as woodcuts by Dürer, as can be well understood using the example of the flagellation of Christ.

Georg Vischer
Christ and the adulteress
Link to the picture
(Please note copyrights )

In what is probably his most famous work, Christ and the Adulteress, from 1637, he even goes one step further and creates a god-like supersession of the master through the additive composition of masterful models and the use of Dürer's self-portrait from 1500 for the figure of Jesus . In this picture on the far left, Vischer has immortalized himself with a self-portrait and looks directly at the viewer as a man with a green headgear.

In 1629 Vischer acquired a house on Neuhauser Strasse in Munich, which later had to make way for the citizens' hall along with two other houses to the left and right of him . This house was inherited by his son Thomas Vischer, who was also a painter, in 1637.

Works

Christ carrying the cross
  • Christ is presented to the people , drawing, MET - Inv.Nr .: 1999.309.
  • Ecce homo , Zissska & Lacher, book and art auction house, auction 71, lot 3042, 7. – 9. November 2018.
  • Ecce homo. State Gallery Stuttgart - Inv.Nr .: C 166.
  • Christ carrying the cross. Alte Pinakothek - Inv.Nr .: 635.
  • The Capture of Christ. 1633, Alte Pinakothek - Inv.Nr .: 703.
  • Four apostles. 1626, Nuremberg City Museums, Painting and Sculpture Collection / Albrecht Dürer House .
  • The Flagellation of Christ. Dorotheum , Old Masters, October 17, 2017 Lot 22 / Private collection, Vienna.
  • Christ and the Adulteress, 1637, Alte Pinakothek - Inv.Nr .: 1411.
  • The twelve apostles. Alte Pinakothek - Inv.Nr .: 1412.

literature

  • Georg Kaspar Nagler : Vischer or Fischer, Johann Georg. In: New general artist lexicon or news of the life and works of painters, sculptors, builders, copper engravers, form cutters, lithographers, draftsmen, medalists, ivory workers, etc. Volume 20: Veit, Ph. – Vouet. EA Fleischmann, Munich 1850, pp. 368–369 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive - life data here; born 1580 in Augsburg, died 1643).
  • Ernst Förster : Joh. Georg Fischer. In: History of German Art. Leipzig, Verlag, Weigel, 1860, p. 37.
  • Georg Kaspar Nagler: Johann Georg Vischer. In: Die Monogrammisten and those known and unknown artists of all schools, who use a figurative sign, the initials of the name, the abbreviation of the same [and] c. have served. Volume 3: GK-DIL. Verlag Georg Franz, Munich, 1863, pp. 134-135.
  • Andreas Andresen : Georg Vischer. In: The German Peintre engraver or the German painter as copper engraver. Fifth volume, Verlag Alexander Danz, Leipzig, 1878, pp. 123–126 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  • Vischer, Georg . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General lexicon of fine artists from antiquity to the present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 34 : Urliens – Vzal . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1940, p. 416 .
  • Gisela Goldberg, Barbara Heine: Georg Vischer. In: Dürer Renaissance. Special exhibition Alte Pinakothek Munich. May 7 - August 29, 1971. Verlag Bayerische Staatsgemäldesammlungen, Munich, 1971, pp. 14, 15, 18–21.
  • Thomas Schauerte , Profit in Loss, Johannes (?) Vischer: Albrecht Dürer's “Four Apostles” in copies from 1627 , The museums of the city of Nuremberg present the showpiece of the month, Verlag museums of the city of Nuremberg, Nuremberg, August 2012 ( museen.nuernberg. de PDF; 693 kB).
  • Stijn Alsteens, Freyda Spira: Georg Vischer. In: Dürer and Beyond: Central European Drawings, 1400–1700. MetPublications, 2012, pp. 185–188 ( metmuseum.org ).
  • Katharina Frank: Georg Vischer. In: The biblical history paintings of the Cranach workshop: Christ and the adulteress as instructive ›history‹ in the age of the Reformation. Verlag arthistoricum.net, 2019, ISBN 3-947449-33-X , pp. 211, 221, 222, 251.

Possible differentiation from Georg Johann Fischer (fresco painter):

  • Joseph von Hormayr: Georg Fischer. In: The historical frescoes in the arcades of the Hofgarten in Munich. Publisher: Mchn Franckh, 1831, pp. 26-28.
  • Georg Kaspar Nagler: Fischer Jonann Georg. In: New general artist lexicon or news of the life and works of painters, sculptors, builders, copper engravers, form cutters, lithographers, draftsmen, medalists, ivory workers , etc. Volume four: Dument-Gallimard. Verlag EA Fleischmann, Munich 1837, p. 354.
  • Joseph Meyer : Georg Fischer painter. In: The large conversation lexicon for the educated stands. Tenth volume, Verlag des Bibliographisches Institut, Hildburghausen 1847, p. 363.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Stijn Alsteens, Freyda Spira: Georg Vischer. In: Dürer and Beyond: Central European Drawings. P. 185.
  2. ^ Anton Baumgartner: Polizey-Uebersicht von München: from the month of December 1804 to the month of April 1805 ; Explanation of the copper by layers Nro. L, Bürgersaal in Neuhausergasse, Verlag Joseph Zängl, Munich, 1805, pp. 307-308.
  3. ↑ Christ Presented to the People metmuseum.org.
  4. ^ Vischer, Georg (Riedlingen around 1595 - after 1637 Munich). live.zisska.de.
  5. ↑ Christ carrying the cross. sammlung.pinakothek.de.
  6. ↑ The Capture of Christ. sammlung.pinakothek.de.
  7. ↑ The flagellation of Christ. dorotheum.com.
  8. ↑ The twelve apostles. sammlung.pinakothek.de.
personal data
SURNAME Vischer, Georg
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hans, fisherman
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Court painter to Maximilian I in Munich
DATE OF BIRTH before 1595
PLACE OF BIRTH Riedlingen
DATE OF DEATH after 1637
Place of death Munich