Bartholomäus Spranger

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Self-portrait around 1580
Heracles and Omphale
Angelica and Medor
The baptism of Christ in the Jordan

Bartholomäus Spranger (born March 21, 1546 in Antwerp , † June 27, 1611 in Prague ) was a Flemish painter who mostly lived and worked in Prague.

Life

Spranger was one of the most respected painters of his time. His talent for painting was already evident as a child, and since his eleventh birthday he learned from Jan Mandyn in Antwerp and from Cornelis van Dalem, among others . After his training he went to Paris , Lyon . In 1565 he arrived in what was then the Mecca of painting, in Italy . He worked in Milan , with Bernardino Gatti in Parma and for Alessandro Farnese in Rome. For this he participated in the design of the Palazzo Farnese in Caprarola .

On recommendation he worked as a papal painter for Pius V from 1570 to 1572 . At his instigation he painted Passion pictures and a copy of Michelangelo's Last Judgment . After the Pope's death, he worked for Roman churches and, already as an artistic personality, went to the court of Emperor Maximilian II in Vienna in 1575 on the recommendation of Giovanni Bologna . After the Emperor's death, he applied to Emperor Rudolf II , was accepted and moved to Prague in 1580. Here he made contact with numerous great artists of the time, including Adrian de Vries , Hans von Aachen and Giuseppe Arcimboldo . Spranger not only worked for the court, but also received commissions from influential people.

Spranger married in 1582, went to Vienna shortly afterwards, returned in 1584 and received its own coat of arms in 1584. In 1595 he was raised to the nobility. In 1602 he visited the Netherlands as a wealthy man , where he had relatives, and was celebrated triumphantly. Karel van Mander attested in his Schilder-Boeck that from the beginning there had been apellic grace in his pictures. Back in Prague, he was given new, increasingly difficult tasks, which he solved with new techniques. Through the constant change of artists at Prague Castle , he got to know new trends and became enthusiastic about the early baroque style. The most famous engraver of his time, Hendrick Goltzius , often chose Spranger's paintings as models and was also stylistically connected to him as a painter. Together with Frans Floris, Spranger conveyed Italian Mannerism to Northern Europe and was a pioneer for baroque painting, especially by his Flemish compatriot Peter Paul Rubens .

Works

  • Self-portrait ( Vienna , Kunsthistorisches Museum Gemäldegalerie), around 1580/1585, 62.5 × 45 cm, oil on canvas
  • Herakles and Omphale (Vienna, Kunsthistorisches Museum Gemäldegalerie), around 1585, 24 × 19 cm
  • Epitaph of the Prague goldsmith Nikolaus Müller ( Prague , National Museum ), around 1600, 240 × 160 cm, oil on canvas
  • Angelica and Medor ( Munich , Alte Pinakothek ), around 1600, 108 × 80 cm, oil on canvas
  • The Baptism of Christ in the Jordan ( Breslau , Nationalmuseum , VIII-2252), 1603, 102 × 88 cm, oil on linden wood. See also the two paintings in the old gallery of the Universalmuseum Joanneum - Eggenberg Palace.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Louk Lapikás: Fragment Genealogie Spranger, Version 1.1: Generatie 3. Muiden, 2009 (accessed on January 27, 2017).
  2. ↑ Jürgen Müller: Concordia Pragensis: Karel van Manders art theory in the Schilder-boeck. Publications of the Collegium Carolinum, Vol. 77, 1993, p. 186.

Web links

Commons : Bartholomeus Spranger  - collection of images, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Spranger, Bartholomew
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Dutch painter
DATE OF BIRTH March 21, 1546
PLACE OF BIRTH Antwerp
DATE OF DEATH June 27, 1611
Place of death Prague