Georg Wilhelm Rauchenecker

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Georg Wilhelm Rauchenecker, around 1885

Georg Wilhelm Rauchenecker (born March 8, 1844 in Munich , † July 17, 1906 in Elberfeld , today Wuppertal ) was a German composer, music director and violinist.

Life

Childhood and adolescence (1844-1860)

Georg Wilhelm Rauchenecker was born on March 8, 1844 in Munich as the first child of the town musician Jakob Rauchenecker (1815 - 1876) and Rosina Crescenz Rauchenecker, nee. Wening (1815 - 1876), born and baptized two days later in Sankt Peter zu Munich according to the Catholic rite. As a little boy, his father sent him to his uncle Georg Wening, who had been pastor in the 260-strong community of Thalheim near Erding since 1855. Perhaps they wanted Rauchenecker to follow his uncle's path. He then attended the royal Maximilians-Gymnasium in Munich, where at the age of 11 he played the first violin as a musician for the church choir. Rauchenecker received extensive musical training in piano and organ from Theodor Lachner , violin from Joseph Walter , counterpoint from August Baumgartner and composition from Franz Lachner . Since 1859 he also taught himself, namely violin, piano and organ playing as well as all theoretical subjects such as harmony, counterpoint, fugue and form theory and instrumentation. The later violinist in the court orchestra and music publisher in Munich, Max Hieber , was one of his students at this time.

French years (1860-1870)

On August 1, 1860, Georg Wilhelm Rauchenecker received a passport for France and from that point on he was first violinist at the Grand Théâtre de Lyon . In 1862 he was appointed Kapellmeister to Aix-en-Provence and in 1864 went to Carpentras as the first theater conductor . There he married the institute teacher Elisabeth Antoinette Emilie Fournial (1842 - 1870) in 1866. The twin children Alban and Margarethe were born on September 8, 1867 in Carpentras. In 1868 Rauchenecker accepted a position as the first opera conductor and director of the Avignon Conservatory . After he was expelled from the country as a citizen of a German state when the Franco-German War broke out in 1870, he settled in Switzerland.

Swiss years (1870–1884)

Shortly after arriving in Zurich , his wife Elisabeth died at the age of only 28. Rauchenecker earned his living as a piano teacher and was a member of the Tonhalle Orchestra in Zurich. It was introduced to Richard Wagner by his future brother-in-law, the conductor of the Zurich City Orchestra, Oskar Kahl . On 21 December 1870 the foyer of the old theater took place in Zurich, the first rehearsals for the performance of the Siegfried Idyll instead, which then on December 25, 1870, conducted by Richard Wagner to Cosima's birthday on the stairs of the house in Tribschen in Lucerne premiered has been. Rauchenecker was one of the 15 musicians in the small orchestra. As early as December 31, 1870, a series of seven quartet evenings began with Oskar Kahl (1st violin), Georg Rauchenecker (2nd violin), Hans Richter (viola) and Hermann Ruhoff (cello) in Wagner's house Beethoven quartets rehearsed.

In 1871 Rauchenecker was appointed music director to Lenzburg, where he was led by Dr. Jakob Heinrich Ziegler-Sulzer (1798 - 1882), a Winterthur doctor and music patron, was discovered.

In the spring of 1873 he converted to the Protestant faith because his second wife was Protestant. The wedding with Anna Karolina Ulrica Kempin (1845 - 1904) took place on March 25, 1873 in the Diaconate Church in Neumünster (Zurich).

On October 29, 1873, Rauchenecker was elected director of the Musikkollegium Winterthur at the suggestion of Ziegler-Sulzer , where he had also been director of the music school from the beginning of December 1873. In the following ten years he had a decisive influence on the city's musical life.

From 1873 to 1876 he directed the men's choir "Frohsinn" and in 1875 the men's choir Frauenfeld.

On April 3, 1876, Rauchenecker's father Jakob died in Winterthur, on February 18, 1877 his daughter Helene was born. In 1878 he took over the position of organist at the Protestant Reformation town church in Winterthur from Julius Buckel . His daughter Elsa was born on January 28, 1880.

In 1880 Rauchenecker opened a music shop in Winterthur together with U. Ruckstuhl. His departure from Winterthur was celebrated with a concert on March 13, 1884.

Berlin years (1884–1885)

March 30, 1884 marks the day of the move to Berlin, where Georg Wilhelm Rauchenecker conducted the Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra on Bernburger Strasse in Kreuzberg. This post was bestowed on him thanks to the extremely benevolent reception of his symphony in F minor, which he performed in Berlin in October 1883. On April 30th, he conducted his first symphony concert. He also worked as a piano teacher at the Stern Conservatory , where he did ensemble exercises.

Elberfeld Years (1885–1906)

After a short stay in Kassel, Rauchenecker moved to Barmen in the early summer of 1885. Until 1887 he took over the management of the orchestra association there and from 1887 that of the instrumental association Elberfeld (since 1929: instrumental association Wuppertal). In 1889 he founded a music school in Elberfeld. The trombonist Joseph Franz Serafin Alschausky and the composer Gustav Adolf Uthmann were among his students here.

From 1892 to 1893 he directed the men's choir "Deutscher Sängerkreis". In 1902 Rauchenecker was appointed city conductor.

His second wife Anna, b. Kempin, died on January 2, 1904 in Elberfeld. In 1905 Rauchenecker was awarded the title of Royal Prussian Music Director.

Georg Wilhelm Rauchenecker died on July 17, 1906 in Elberfeld of complications from pneumonia.

Works

Rauchenecker has composed numerous works from a wide variety of musical genres:

Orchestral works

  • La Serenade pour Orchester (1857);
  • Grand Overture pour Musique Militaire (1867);
  • La Marseillaise pour Musique Militaire (1868);
  • 1st Symphony in F minor (1875);
  • 2nd Symphony in B major “Jubelsinfonie” (1885);
  • 3rd Symphony in D major “Elegiac Symphony” (1903/1904);
  • Overture “Souvenirs d'Aix” (around 1863);
  • Symphonic sound work in the style of an overture (1880);
  • Wedding Idyll (1889);
  • Alaric on the Acropolis (around 1899/1900), symphonic poem;
  • From his youth (around 1896), symphonic poem;
  • Friedrich Rotbart (around 1870), symphonic poem;
  • Interlude from the opera Sanna (around 1893).

Concerts

  • Violin Concerto No. 1 in A minor (1876/1885);
  • Violin Concerto No. 2 in B minor (1900);
  • Piano Concerto No. 1 in B minor (1898);
  • Piano Concerto No. 2 in F minor (1894);
  • Oboe Concerto in B minor (1905);
  • Cello Concerto in D minor (1904).

Songs

  • “Amoureux Duellistes” (1866);
  • "Groom par Amour" (1866);
  • "Blonde Maîtresse" (1866);
  • “Five songs of the bride's time” (grooms songs) (1894) for baritone and piano;
  • “Seven Songs” based on the novel Der Liedermacher (1894) for soprano and piano;
  • "Evening Song" (1896);
  • “Maria Lullaby” (1898);
  • “Little Landlord's Daughter” (1898);
  • "Swing up" (1900);
  • “Ave verum corpus” (1903) for alto, violoncello, harp and organ;
  • “So geht's” for voice and piano (around 1888);
  • “Bergisches Lied” for baritone and piano;
  • “Drei Gesänge” for baritone;
  • “Five songs” for a deep voice (around 1883/84);
  • “Königsmordliche Ballade” with flute accompaniment (around 1874).

Choral works

  • Six songs (1878) for mixed choir;
  • Zwei Cärge (1900) for mixed choir and piano;
  • Pharao for four-part mixed choir or three-part female choir and piano (1897);
  • Lied von der Glocke for four-part mixed choir with declamation and piano or for three-part female choir (around 1895);
  • Hymn for the inauguration of the Kaiser Wilhelm and Kaiser Friedrich memorials in Elberfeld (1883) for male choir;
  • Deutsches Schwert und deutscher Sang (1891) for four-part male choir;
  • Gotenzug , op. 137 (1899) for four-part male choir with wind instruments or piano;
  • Gotentreue , op. 138 (1899) for male choir, solos and orchestra (or piano);
  • Germania for male choir (around 1896);
  • Six songs for male choir;
  • Sword and palm for male choir;
  • Baracher Wein for four-part male choir (around 1889);
  • Choral Song of the Germans in America for four-part male choir (1885);
  • Lenz is there for male choirs (around 1890);
  • O du dewy morning for male choir (1877);
  • How I love you for male choir (1877);
  • Walther von der Vogelweide for four-part male choir a-cappella (1899);
  • Today's Fatherland for male choir (1883);
  • Greetings from home: Wherever I stay for male choir (around 1888);
  • Die Schönheit der Natur (1900) for four-part female choir;
  • Im Abendrot (1900) for four-part female choir;
  • Patience (1900) for three-part female choir;
  • To the holy night for mixed and three-part female choir and piano (1900);
  • Our Father for three-part female choir with harmonium and flute (1895);
  • Christmas greeting for three-part female choir and piano (1898);
  • Ode to the 19th Century (1899);
  • An die Freiheit (1891) for solos, choir and orchestra;
  • Niklaus von der Flüe (1874), Swiss peace cantata, for solos, male choir and orchestra;
  • Mourning cantata for the death of Frederick III. (1888) for mixed choir, baritone and orchestra;
  • Meine Göttin (1897), cantata for tenor, male choir and orchestra;
  • Homage to the Fine Arts (1898), cantata for solos, choir and orchestra;
  • Heil dir, Germania , cantata for four-part mixed choir, piano and declamation;
  • Out to high mountain peaks , Festkantata (1889);
  • The Battle of Murten , cantata for solo, choir and orchestra (1876);
  • Kaiser Otto I. , cantata for solo, three-part female choir and piano or for solo, mixed choir and piano;
  • Borussia , cantata for mixed choir with solos, flute and piano or for three-part female choir with solos, flute and piano (1899/1900);
  • Through night to light (per tenebras ad lucem) (around 1900), oratorio for choir, solos and orchestra;
  • Great vocal mass (1863/64) for six-part choir;
  • Titan Fate (1899);
  • Festgesang for mixed choir, solos and orchestra (1877).

Stage works

  • Tristanderl und Süßholde (1865), parody of a future opera ;
  • La graine de coquelicot (around 1863), Opéra comique in 1 act;
  • Le florentin (1871), opera in 3 acts;
  • Adelheid of Burgundy (1886), opera;
  • The Last Days of Thule (around 1889), opera in 4 acts;
  • Sanna (1893), opera in two acts;
  • Ingo (1893), opera in 4 acts;
  • Don Quixote (1895), opera in 3 acts;
  • The Florentine (1901), opera in 3 acts (new version of Le florentin );
  • Incidental music Ovid at court (after 1885);
  • Festival Theodor Körner (1891);
  • Amalasuntha , opera.

Chamber music

  • String Quartet No. 1 in C minor (1874);
  • String Quartet No. 2 in D major (1878);
  • String Quartet No. 3 in A minor (around 1879);
  • String Quartet No. 4 in E major (around 1883);
  • String Quartet No. 5 in G minor (in the form of a suite) (around 1890);
  • String Quartet No. 6 in E flat major;
  • Piano quintet in D major (1897) for piano, flute, 2 violins, viola and violoncello;
  • String sextet in E flat major (1897) for 2 violins, 2 violas and 2 cellos;
  • Wind octet in B flat major (1897) for flute, oboe, English horn, 2 horns, bass clarinet and bassoon.

Works for solo instruments

  • 6 characteristic sound images , op. 24 to 29 (1873) for violin and piano;
  • Oriental Fantasy (1874) for violin and string quartet or piano;
  • The four temperaments , 4 small piano pieces;
  • 5 small piano pieces ;
  • 26 short organ preludes (around 1902/03);
  • Jesus, come to me for organ;
  • Prelude for Harmonium (after 1885).

Discography (selection)

  • String Quartet No. 1 (1874) (Jecklin, DDD, 95)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Münchener Anzeiger of May 29, 1865
personal data
SURNAME Rauchenecker, Georg Wilhelm
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German composer, music director and violinist
DATE OF BIRTH March 8, 1844
PLACE OF BIRTH Munich
DATE OF DEATH July 17, 1906
Place of death Elberfeld , today Wuppertal