Embossed sapwood beetle
| Embossed sapwood beetle | ||||||||||||
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Embossed sapwood beetle ( Trogoxylon imprint ) |
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| Trogoxylon imprint | ||||||||||||
| ( Comolli , 1837) |
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| Fig. 1: from above | Fig. 2: Front view |
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| Fig. 3: side view | Fig. 4: underside |
The embossed sapwood beetle ( Trogoxylon impressum ), also known as the spotted sapwood beetle or Y-sapwood beetle because of the shape of the indentation on the pronotum , is a beetle from the family of the borer beetles (Bostrichidae) and the subfamily of the sapwood beetles (Lyctinae). The dull brown animal is up to 5.5 millimeters long. The species is very rare in Central Europe and is restricted to warm areas, where it lives, for example, in the wood of grapevines.
The species was first described by Comolli in 1837 under the name Lyctus impressus . The species name impressus ( lat. Impressed, provided with impressions) refers to the Y-shaped impression on the pronotum. In 1862 the genus Trogoxylon was separated from Lyctus . The generic name Trogoxylon (from old Gr . Τρώγω trógo, I benage and ξύλον xýlon wood) alludes to the fact that the beetles gnaw corridors into the wood. The genus Trogoxylon is represented in Europe with only two species, worldwide with fifteen species.
description
The body is long, flat and narrow.
The head is wider than it is long, behind the eyes it narrows. The eyes protrude almost hemispherical at the sides. The forehead is drawn out into a small tooth above the eyes. The antennae are inserted under the frontal cusps. They have eleven links, the last two links form a flattened club and are about the same size. The mouthparts point forward. The upper lip is bulged in the middle and drawn forward in a lobed manner on the sides. The front edge is hairy. The upper jaws are wide and pointed, their inner edge is bidentate.
The pronotum is slightly longer than it is wide. The sides of the pronotum are not serrated, almost parallel and hardly narrower at the back than at the front. On the disc, the pronotum has an impression in the form of a Y.
The elytra are together slightly wider than the pronotum, hardly narrowing towards the rear and are rounded together at the end in a semicircle. They gap slightly at the back. They are indistinct and confused dotted and finely haired, the hair does not form rows.
On the underside, 5 abdominal segments (sternites) are visible, the first segment is as long as the following two together (Fig. 4). The hips protrude in the shape of a cone. The legs all have five-limbed tarsi . The tarsal links are slender, the 1st link is significantly smaller than the following ones, the claw link is not thickened. The females have a long, thin laying tube with a two-part vaginal button with which the eggs can be laid in wooden crevices.
biology
The warmth-loving species belongs to the guild of old wood colonists.
In the open air you can find the beetle in the sapwood of fig and vine wood, poplar wood, in the root system of oaks felled by storms and types of fruit trees. With plywood and veneers, the species finds its way into joineries and homes. Exceptionally, it also occurs in processed wood, such as furniture and parquet floors. An infestation of oak parquet is known from Bozen , in which individual parquet woods were completely destroyed after years of infestation, so that they could be broken by hand.
The larvae of the beetle are hunted by the colored beetle Tarsostenus univittatus .
distribution
The beetle occurs around the Mediterranean Sea as well as in Syria and southern Siberia (southern Palearctic). He is thermophilic . More recent finds lead to the conclusion that it is now also at home in southwest Germany. It was found in Baden-Württemberg in June, July and October at heights between 170 and 430 m. He has also been reported from several other countries into which he was introduced and in which he became partially at home. In Israel the species was found in mango cultures. There have also been found reports from Australia , Argentina and the USA .
literature
- Heinz joy , Karl Wilhelm Harde , Gustav Adolf Lohse (ed.): The beetles of Central Europe . tape 8 . Teredilia Heteromera Lamellicornia . Elsevier, Spektrum, Akademischer Verlag, Munich 1969, ISBN 3-8274-0682-X .
- Klaus Koch : The Beetles of Central Europe Ecology . 1st edition. tape 2 . Goecke & Evers, Krefeld 1989, ISBN 3-87263-040-7 . P. 262
Individual evidence
- ↑ German name for Trogoxylon impresseum in publication by the Environment Agency, Appendix 1 (PDF; 3.3 MB)
- ↑ Red lists at BioNetworkX
- ↑ German name for Trogoxylon imprint according to ARGE SWD Koleopterologen ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Sigmund Schenkling: Explanation of the scientific beetle names (species)
- ↑ Sigmund Schenkling: Explanation of the scientific beetle names (genus)
- ^ Trogoxylon at Fauna Europaea. Retrieved March 18, 2013
- ↑ Species of the genus Trogoxylon at BioLib
- ↑ Schmidl J & Bussler H 2004: Ecological guilds xylobionter beetles in Germany's nature conservation and landscape planning 36 (7); Stuttgart No. 821
- ↑ Klaus Hellrigl: About the occurrence of wood insects in houses forest observer vol. 2/3 2006 p. 342, as PDF ( memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Dr. Frank Baum, Staufen i. Br .: Beetles and beetle fauna at Schönberg near Freiburg, Südbaden Section 3.1.2 as a link or as a PDF
- ↑ Locations in Baden-Württemberg ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Find data ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Wysoki, M., Ben-Dov, Y., Swirski, E. and Izhar, Y. 1993. THE ARTHROPOD PESTS OF MANGO IN ISRAEL. Acta Hort. (ISHS) 341: 452-466 [1]
- ↑ in the "Distribution" tab: Find in Australia ( Memento from February 10, 2013 in the web archive archive.today )
- ↑ Trogoxylon species in Australia
- ^ E. Fernández-Carillo, JL Fernández-Carillo, JI López-Colón: Los Bostrichidae de la Provincia de Ciudad Real Bol. SEA n ° 29, (2001) 41 - 44 as PDF
