Gerhard Johann von Löwenwolde
Gerhard Johann von Löwenwolde ( Russian Лёвенвольде, Герхард Иоганн ; † April 15 jul. / 26. April 1723 greg. In Malla) was Chief Representative Peter I in Livonia and Estonia .
Life
Origin and family
Gerhard Johann came from the German-Baltic noble family Löwenwolde . His parents were the Swedish captain and heir to Malla Christoph Bernhard von Löwenwolde and Isabella Urquhart, a daughter of the Swedish Colonel John Urquhart from Scotland and his wife Isabella Kenmure-Gordon .
He married Magdalena Elisabeth von Löwen in Reval in 1680 . The marriage had a daughter and three sons:
- Charlotte von Löwenwolde, ⚭ Behrend Friedrich von Schlippenbach on Alt Bornhusen († 1745)
- Gustav Reinhold von Löwenwolde (1693–1758), chief steward of the Empress Catherine I.
- Karl Gustav von Löwenwolde († 1735), Colonel of the Izmailov Guard, stable master of the Empress Anna
- Friedrich Kasimir von Löwenwolde († 1769), imperial general of the cavalry
In 1726 and 1730, respectively, the three brothers were raised to the rank of count , but none of them continued the lineage .
Career
Löwenwolde was a captain in the Swedish military in 1686 and advanced to major in 1688 . He was friends with Johann Reinhold von Patkul (1660–1707) and worked closely with him. As a result, he was arrested in 1695 and sentenced to death, but pardoned. In 1698 he was court marshal of the Duke of Courland, Ferdinand Kettler , but then switched to Saxon services and in 1703 became a secret war council . In 1709 he switched to Russian services and became Real Privy Councilor. As such, he was authorized representative of Peter I in Livonia and Estonia, where, thanks to extensive powers, he was able to secure the privileges of the German nobility and initiate some reforms such as the construction of post stations. He was one of 1,713 to court the wife of the heir Alexei and was just there from 1711 to 1721 chief steward .
Löwenwolde was the hereditary lord of the estates Ayasch in Livonia and Malla in Estonia.
literature
- Baltic Historical Commission (ed.): Entry on Gerhard Johann von Löwenwolde. In: BBLD - Baltic Biographical Lexicon digital
- Otto Magnus von Stackelberg (edit.): Genealogical manual of the Estonian knighthood , Volume 1, Görlitz, [1931], pp. 606–607, 610
Individual evidence
- ↑ Genealogical Handbook of the Baltic Knighthoods , Part Estonia, Volume I, (1930), pp. 608-610.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Löwenwolde, Gerhard Johann von |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Лёвенвольде, Герхард Иоганн (Russian) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | General representative of Peter I in Livonia and Estonia |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 17th century |
| DATE OF DEATH | April 26, 1723 |
| Place of death | Malla |