Gerhart panning

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Gerhart Panning (born June 10, 1900 in Erfurt ; † March 22, 1944 near Calw in Württemberg) was a German forensic doctor and university professor . As senior staff doctor he carried out fatal human experiments on Jewish prisoners of war.

Career

Panning was the son of a teacher. He attended the humanistic grammar school and, due to the war, completed his school career with a secondary school diploma in June 1918. From mid-September 1917 to mid-May 1919 he was a volunteer in the First World War and received several awards. First he studied philosophy for two semesters at the University of Halle . After studying medicine in Munich , Jena and Berlin , he passed the state examination on July 9, 1925. He did his medical internship in the Erfurt Hospital and the Virchow Hospital in Berlin. On July 1, 1926, he received his license to practice medicine and received his doctorate on January 29, 1927 as Dr. med. After six years of assistantship and a. In October 1933, Panning became an assistant at the Berlin Institute for Forensic Medicine under Victor Müller-Heß at the Pathological Institutes of the Universities of Halle / Salle and Königsberg and at the Pathological Institute of the City of Magdeburg . From 1933 until his takeover in the Wehrmacht in early May 1938, he was a member of the NSKK . On May 1, 1938, Panning took over the management of the forensic medical investigation department in the pathology department of the Military Medical Academy . On 11 July 1939, he has now went up to Surgeon with his work on the vital reaction to bone habilitation . From December 1, 1942, Panning was initially entrusted as a substitute lecturer with the chair of the Institute for Forensic Medicine in Bonn and finally appointed full professor for forensic and social medicine on April 28, 1943. Panning was an advisory forensic surgeon at the Army Medical Inspector . On March 22, 1944, Panning died as a result of pulmonary tuberculosis in the 'Waldsanatorium Schömberg' military hospital in the Calw district in Württemberg. Since the end of April 1933, Panning was married to Anneliese Ilse, née Vorhauer. The couple had two sons and a daughter.

As head of the forensic and medical examination center created as part of the pathological-anatomical department of the Military Medical Academy on May 1, 1938, from September 21 to December 6, 1939, Panning carried out 133 sections and 11 post-mortem exhumed so-called ethnic Germans , which were carried out as part of the so-called Bromberg Bloody Sunday had perished. The focus was on identifying the victims, the causes of death and the weapons used, but especially the question of the extent to which Polish military rifles caused the gunshot wounds.

After the attack on the Soviet Union , from June 24 to August 15, 1941, Panning carried out firing attempts with captured Soviet infantry ammunition of a special type (explosive ammunition) near Zhytomyr . According to investigations by the Darmstadt jury court in 1968 in the so-called Callsen trial , the usual investigation methods with attempts to shoot at inanimate targets would not have been sufficient for him. Therefore, SS-Standartenführer Paul Blobel , the commander of Sonderkommando 4a of Einsatzgruppe C, placed the IC officer of the 6th Army, Colonel Paltzo, and the High Court Judge of the Army, Dr. Neumann, panning six Jewish prisoners of war and a group of SS riflemen available:

“The prisoners had to stand, kneel or lie down near this house at different distances from the shooters. Dr. P. referred to the shooter in each case the parts of the body that they were targeting with the Dr. P. had brought Russian rifles and Russian explosive ammunition to shoot. The victims were initially taught a shot on the arms, legs or torso, which was only intended to wound them and by which they were regularly not fatally hit despite the terrible effects of the bullet. Then only with the 2nd or 3rd shot was the fatal shot on the head of the victim. [...] The killed prisoners were brought into the house and exclusively by Dr. P. dissected. "

The publication of his “investigation results” in Der Deutsche Militärarzt , however, concealed the actual circumstances of the attempted firing. In a letter on September 12, 1941 , Helmuth James Graf von Moltke reported to his wife Freya about Panning's experiments and called them a “high point of depravity and depravity”, and criminal consequences would be desirable.

Publications (selection)

  • G. Panning: The vital reaction on bones (publications from constitution and defense pathology, issue 45), Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena 1940.
  • G. Panning: The Bromberg Bloody Sunday. A forensic medical report , in: German journal for the entire judicial medicine 34, 1941, pp. 7–54.
  • G. Panning: Mode of action and evidence of Soviet infantry explosive ammunition , in: Der Deutsche Militärarzt 7, 1942, pp. 20-30.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Ralf Forsbach: The Medical Faculty of the University of Bonn in the “Third Reich” , Munich 2006, p. 126
  2. ↑ Newsletter of the German Science and Technology, organ of the Reich Research Council (Hrsg.): Research and progress . Staff news. Appointments. tape 19, 23/24 , 1943, pp. 252 .
  3. ^ Ernst Klee: Das Personenlexikon zum Third Reich , Frankfurt am Main 2007, p. 448
  4. ↑ cf. Ralf Forsbach: The Medical Faculty of the University of Bonn in the “Third Reich” , Munich 2006, p. 134
  5. ^ Friedrich Herber: Forensic medicine under the swastika. Militzke, Leipzig 2002, ISBN 3-86189-249-9 , pp. 268-269.
  6. ^ Friedrich Herber: Forensic medicine under the swastika. Militzke, Leipzig 2002, ISBN 3-86189-249-9 , p. 300.
  7. ↑ See also: Gerhart Panning: Der Bromberger Blutsonntag. A forensic medical report in: German journal for the entire judicial medicine 34, 1941, pp. 7–54.
  8. ^ Friedrich Herber: Forensic Medicine under the Hakenkreuz , Militzke Verlag, 2002, 276f.
  9. ↑ Christian Streit: The fate of the wounded Soviet prisoners of war , published in War of Extermination - Crimes of the Wehrmacht 1941 to 1944 , Two Thousand One, 1995, ISBN 3-86150-198-8 , p. 82
  10. ↑ A. Streim: For example: The crimes of the Einsatzgruppen in the Soviet Union , p. 89 in: A. Rückerl: Nazi Trials / After 25 Years of Prosecution: Possibilities - Limits - Results , CF Müller Verlag, Karlsruhe 1972, 65-106 .
  11. ^ Friedrich Herber: Forensic medicine under the swastika , Militzke Verlag, 2002, 278.
  12. ↑ VEJ 7/80.
personal data
SURNAME Panning, Gerhart
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German forensic doctor and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH June 10, 1900
PLACE OF BIRTH Erfurt
DATE OF DEATH March 22, 1944
Place of death at Calw