Gerrit Mannoury

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Gerrit Mannoury, 1911

Gerrit Mannoury (born May 17, 1867 in Wormerveer , † January 30, 1956 in Amsterdam ) was a Dutch mathematician and philosopher .

Life

Mannoury was the son of a ship's captain who died in China when he was three years old. The mother raised the children alone in Amsterdam under difficult conditions. Mannoury attended the higher civic school (Hoogere Burgerschool, HBS) in Amsterdam with a municipal scholarship, where he graduated as a teacher in 1885. He initially taught at elementary schools and also took evening classes to graduate in mechanics, accounting and mathematics. He taught in Amsterdam, Bloemendaal , Helmond and from 1910 at the HBS in Vlissingen , but also worked as an accountant and taught at a municipal business school.

As a philosopher he was influenced by Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel and the Hegelians Francis Herbert Bradley and GJPJ Bolland , but also by Friedrich Nietzsche , Baruch Spinoza and the philosophers of science Henri Poincaré and Bertrand Russell . But his preference was mathematics. In 1895 he joined the Dutch Mathematical Society ( Wiskundig Genootschap ) and was on its board from 1905 to 1947. Since he was a full-time teacher, he could not study at the University of Amsterdam, but took private lessons with Professor Diederik Korteweg during his time in Amsterdam and began to publish in the 1890s - including the first publication on topology in the Netherlands in 1897 . In 1903 he became a private lecturer at the University of Amsterdam for the logical foundations of mathematics, and his book Methodological and Philosophical for Elementary Mathematics from 1909 was the first important contribution in the Netherlands to the fundamental discussion of mathematics , along with the dissertation by Luitzen Egbertus Jan Brouwer (1907). From 1917 until his retirement in 1937 he was a professor at the University of Amsterdam, where he taught mechanics, geometry and philosophy of mathematics. He never earned a doctorate degree, but received an honorary doctorate from the University of Amsterdam in 1946 (upon use of Brouwer).

Mannoury had a special influence on Brouwer, whom he taught in particular in philosophy and with whom he was friends. Both were part of the linguistic-philosophical circle called Significs . The name originally comes from the English philosopher Victoria Welby-Gregory (1837-1912), who corresponded with Charles Sanders Peirce and Charles Kay Ogden , and the teaching was introduced to the Netherlands in 1897 by Frederik van Eeden . The circle dissolved in the mid-1920s.

Mannoury was a socialist and since 1900 a member of the Social Democratic Labor Party (SDAP). In 1909 he left this with the split off of the Marxist part of the SDAP into the newly founded SDP, which in 1918 became the Communist Party of the Netherlands. He later alienated himself from the party after it was turned into a personality cult on Lenin and dissenters like Trotsky were excluded. But Mannoury himself was not a Trotskyite. He wrote numerous articles in the party newspaper De Tribune . In 1929 Mannoury was expelled from the Communist Party. But he remained politically active, campaigning for the Scottsboro Boys in Scottsboro (Alabama) in the USA in the 1930s , for the mutineers on the cruiser De Zeven Provinciën , for German refugees from the National Socialists and during the occupation of the Netherlands for Jewish students and was an opponent of the death penalty in the Netherlands and Dutch colonial policy after World War II.

He was married to Elizabeth Maria Berkelbach van der Sprenkel since 1907, with whom he had three daughters and a son. Mannoury was (according to van der Waerden himself) an important teacher of Bartel Leendert van der Waerden and was friends with his father. Another student was David van Dantzig .

literature

  • JH Stegeman: Gerrit Mannoury. A Bibliography , Tilburg 1992 (with biography of Stegeman)
  • David van Dantzig : Gerrit Mannoury's significance for mathematics and its foundation , Nieuw Archief voor Wiskunde, 1957, pp. 1-18
  • HW Schmitz: De Hollandse significa. Een reconstructie van de geschiedenis van 1892 dead 1926 , Assen 1990

Fonts

  • 1903. Over de beteekenis the wiskundige logica voor de philosophie
  • 1907. Het Boeddhisme: Overzicht van leer en geschiedenis (adaptation of JC Kern Handbuch des Buddhismus 1896)
  • 1909. Methodological and philosophical information on elementary mathematics
  • 1910. Methodologies aantekeningen over het dubbel-boekhouden
  • 1917. Over de betekenis van de wiskundige denkvorm , Inaugural Lecture University of Amsterdam, October 8, 1917
  • 1919. Wiskunst, filosofie en socialisme: overdrukken
  • 1925. Mathesis en mystiek: A significant study of communist standpoints , first part online
  • 1927. Will en weten: overdrukken
  • 1930. Heden is het keerpunt: an onuitgesproken verdedigingsrede
  • 1931. Woord en commemorated: een inleiding tot de signifika, inzonderheid met het oog op het onderwijs in de wiskunde
  • 1938. To the Encyclopedia of Unified Science . Lectures, with Otto Neurath , Egon Brunswik , C. Hull, J. Woodger.
  • 1946. Relativisme en dialektiek: schema ener filosofisch-sociologische grondslagenleer
  • 1947. Les fondements psycho-linguistiques des mathématiques
  • 1947. Handboek of the analytic significa, deel I: Geschiedenis der gripskritiek
  • 1948. Handboek of analytic significa, deel II: Hoofdbegrippen en methods of the significa: Ontogenese en fylogenese van het verstandshoudingsapparaat
  • 1948. De dood as zegepraal: opstellen over de massa-edukatieve zijde van het doodstrafprobleem
  • 1949. Signifika: een inleiding
  • 1953, polar psychological term synthesis

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Van der Waerden Meine Göttinger Lehrjahre , Mitteilungen DMV 1997, No. 2, writes that he learned a lot from him, mentioning a paper by Mannoury on the topology of the complex projective plane
  2. ↑ Martina Schneider: Between two disciplines: BL van der Waerden and the development of quantum mechanics, Springer 2011, p. 75
personal data
SURNAME Mannoury, Gerrit
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Dutch mathematician and philosopher
DATE OF BIRTH May 17, 1867
PLACE OF BIRTH Wormerveer
DATE OF DEATH January 30, 1956
Place of death Amsterdam